Study of the Surface Charge of a Porous Clay Heterostructure (PCH) and Its Adsorption Capacity of Alkaline Metals

A Porous Clay Heterostructure (PCH) was prepared by chemical modification of a natural clay, by intercalation of a cationic surfactant. Its surface charge properties as well as its adsorption capacity for alkali metals were studied using a potentiometric titration method. The PCH developed a pH-dependent charge (sH), probably due to the presence of amphoteric silanol groups (SiO2) coming from the pillars of silica interlayered during the pillared process. The PCH presented a region of zero charge in the range of pH of 4.0 to 7.7. The sH acquired by the PCH was adjusted with good correlation to the electric double layer model of Gouy-Chapman (r2 = 0.9925). The surface charge conferred the PCH ion exchange capacity for the studied metals (Li, Na, K, Rb and Cs) at high pH values (10 < pH), in comparable quantities (3.5 to 6 meq/g) to some Dowex resins. The results of this study suggest that PCH could have applications in the recovery of toxic metals from waste waters.

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Preparation and Properties of Composite Antibacterial Agent Containing Copper and Zinc Ions

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.965 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 79-82 ◽

pp. 965-968

Author(s):

Shu Xia Ren ◽

Hui Fang Yang ◽

Xiu Shu Tian ◽

Yan Fang Li

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Antibacterial Agent ◽

Antibacterial Agents ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Zinc Ions ◽

Ion Exchange Capacity ◽

Ph Values ◽

Ion Exchange Reaction ◽

Copper And Zinc

The composite antibacterial agents were prepared with Medical stone containing Cu2+ and Zn2+ by liquid ion-exchange reaction. The ion exchange capacity of the as-prepared Medical stone composite antibacterial agents (MSAA) products were investigated by ICP-AES, and the antibacterial activities of the agents were tested by Bacteriastasis ratio, and the structures were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results show that the conditions of preparation, such as pH, concentrations of copper and zinc ions, reaction time and reaction temperature, have important influences on the ion exchange of MSAA. The maximum ion exchange capacity have been obtained when 0.2mol/l Cu2+ and 0.6 mol /l Zn2+ reacted with Medical stone powers in the solution with pH values of 8 for 8 hours at 50 °C. Meanwhile good antibacterial activities and safety are also gained. The reasons for causing the above results are that copper and zinc ions can enter the framework of Medical stone through ion exchanging and adsorption, and are released slowly owing to its porosity.

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Influence of pH on Soil Charge Characteristics and Cadmium Sorption in Some Noncontaminated Soils of Indian Subtropics

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2005.26 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 183-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tanmoy Karak ◽

Dilip Kumar Das ◽

Uttam Kumar Singh ◽

Debtanu Maiti

Keyword(s):

Soil Solution ◽

West Bengal ◽

Salt Effect ◽

Great Influence ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Clay Mineralogy ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Titration Method ◽

Potentiometric Titration Method ◽

Influence Of Ph

Concentrations of total dissolved cadmium (Cd) and activity of its free ions in soil solution are suggested to be influenced by soil pH, organic matter (OM) content, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and clay mineralogy. We investigated the sorption of Cd by taking 25-, 50-, and 100-µM Cd solutions in five noncontaminated soils of West Bengal, India, having differing chemical properties with batch sorption experiments. The charge characteristics and point of zero salt effect (PZSE) of all experimental soils were calculated by the potentiometric titration method measuring the adsorption of H+and OH–on amphoteric surfaces in solutions of varying ionic strength (I). Sorption of Cd was more pronounced at pH levels greater than PZSE for all experimental soils. The CEC, OM content, clay mineralogy, and specific surface area (SSA) also had a great influence on the sorption of Cd from soil solution to soils. The relationships of Cd with those parameters were found to be consistent and the results concluded that Cd sorption in soils is strongly affected by the soil characteristics.

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Studies on inorganic ion exchangers. I. Preparation, properties, and applications of ferric phosphate

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v76-270 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 54 (12) ◽

pp. 1892-1898 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

J. P. Rawat ◽

Pritam Singh Thind

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Ferric Nitrate ◽

Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽

Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽

Ion Exchange Capacity ◽

Ph Values ◽

Inorganic Ion ◽

Ferric Phosphate ◽

Oxidation Properties

Eight samples of ferric phosphates have been prepared at different pH values under different conditions. This material shows cation exchange properties. Ferric phosphate prepared by ferric nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate at pH 1 is the most stable and shows the maximum ion exchange capacity, hence, this sample is studied in detail. The mole ratio of Fe3+:PO43− is 1:2. The ion exchange capacity depends upon temperature and hydrated radii, and these relations are discussed. Certain important separations are achieved on the ferric phosphate column. Its oxidation properties are also qualitatively investigated with some reducing agents.

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Studies on Synthesis, Characterization of Modified Phenol Formaldehyde Resin and Metal Adsorption of Modified Resin Derived From Lignin Biomass

Emerging Science Journal ◽

10.28991/esj-2019-01173 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 101 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Selladurai Arasaretnam ◽

T. Kirudchayini

Keyword(s):

Boric Acid ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Phenolic Resin ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Metal Adsorption ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Ion Exchange Capacity ◽

Modified Resin

This study was related to development of economically viable method of extraction of lignin from saw dust in order to produce lignin modified phenolic resin and ecofriendly adhesives (bio-based resin). This study cover to improve the mechanical properties by modification of phenol formaldehyde resole resin using some additives such as boric acid, sulfuric acid and lignin biomass. The synthesis and metal adsorption capacity of resin derived from lignin biomass were explored. Lignin sample was extracted from sawdust of Acacia sp. collected from Batticaloa region by alkali extraction method called delignification process. Qualitative tests were carried out on the extracted alkali lignin and it was used to prepare modified resin. Resin synthesized by using lignin substitution phenol and allowed to condensation reaction in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Boron-modified phenol formaldehyde resin was prepared by using boric acid with formalim method. The above reaction was performed for four hours by refluxing with toluene. Which was produced a high viscous massive resin with 90% yield. The absorbtion peak of B-O bond at 1362cm-1 was observed at IR spectra. Rise in solid mass content leads to produce smooth resin surface without causing cracks and bubbling. Phenol formaldehyde resin was modified into their sulfonated forms to increase their ion exchange capacity, since the ion exchange capacity of virgin resin was found to be zero. Conductivity property shown by sulfonated resin(121mS/cm). The synthesized Lignin based PF resin was used to study the metal adsorption capacity of Cd2+ in aqueous solution. The adsorption capacity of heavy metal Cd2+ ion shown by lignin modified resin (55%) and lignin (86%). In this study sawdust lignin could be best substitution for phenol in synthesis of Phenol-Formaldehyde resin. It’s better due to their sustainability, environmental control, low production cost and their ability to adsorb heavy metals. Phenolic resin was modified with boric acid to improve thermal resistance property and to get smooth resin surface.

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RESEARCH ON ION EXCHANGE CAPACITY OF OXIDIZEDACTIVATED CARBON

Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology ◽

10.15625/2525-2518/55/4c/12159 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 55 (4C) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Pham Thi Hai Thinh

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Ion Exchange ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Inorganic Compounds ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Carbon Surface ◽

Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽

Ion Exchange Capacity ◽

Naoh Solution

Ion exchange capacity of oxidized activated carbon (OAC) by HNO3 and surface treatment by NaOH solution was investigated. The HNO3oxidizedfunctional groups on the activated carbon surface, such as ketone, carboxylic acid and its derivatives, to maximum oxidation state. The OAC surface played the role as cation exchanger for adsorption of inorganic compounds, especially metallic cations. The adsorption capacity of OAC was investigated in batch mode with three representative ions with different valence from +1 to +3 (NH4+, Ca2+, Cr3+). The adsorption process was demonstrated by Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal model, and the maximum adsorption capacity according to Langmuir isothrermal equation was 20.4 mg/g for NH4+, 43.5 mg/g for Ca2+ and 38.5 mg/g for Cr3+. The results showed the OAC modified by HNO3 and surface treatment by NaOH solution improved adsorption capacity of AC for cations in solution to a higher level.

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Investigate the adsorption of cesium ion (Cs+) on Zn2[Fe(CN)6] AND Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticles

Science and Technology Development Journal - Natural Sciences ◽

10.32508/stdjns.v3i4.524 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 307-316

Author(s):

Nguyen Dinh Trung ◽

Le Thi Ha Lan ◽

Truong Dong Phuong

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Ion Concentration ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Ion Exchange Capacity ◽

Freundlich Isotherms ◽

Ion Absorption ◽

Adsorption Data ◽

Ph Range

Adsorption of Cs+ ion from aqueous solution by Zn2[Fe(CN)6] and Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticle, and the effect of experimental conditions on the adsorption were investigated. Preliminary results showed that two materials were very efficient as an absorbent. Zn2[Fe(CN)6] and Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 nanoparticle adsorbents for removal Cs+ion from solution have been successfully synthesized. Comparison between two materials, the Cs + ion adsorption capacity of Zn2[Fe(CN)6] was higher than Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 and the reaction time was shorter. The adsorption equilibrium time of Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 was about 20 hours, and the suitable pH range 3-7 while the Zn2[Fe(CN)6] was 15 minutes. The Cs+ ion absorption by Zn2[Fe(CN)6] nanoparticle follow the ion exchange mechanism, the best exchange capacities of the material were in the pH 3-5 range, ion exchange capacity depended on the pH, the maximum ion exchange capacity of the material at pH = 4 was 1.01 meq (Cs+) / g. After 15 min, about 98% of initial Cs+ ion concentration was removed from the solution; the adsorption data did not accord with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The high adsorption capacity and good performance on other aspects, make the Zn2[Fe(CN)6] nanoparticle a promising adsorbent for the removal of Cs+ ion from water.

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The Effects of Biochar Additive on the Properties of Geopolymer Materials

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.798.273 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 798 ◽

pp. 273-278

Author(s):

Phitchayanin Khamlue ◽

Narumon Lertcumfu ◽

Pharatree Jaita ◽

Supalak Manotham ◽

Tawee Tunkasiri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adsorption Capacity ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Pollutant Removal ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Ion Exchange Capacity ◽

X Ray ◽

Alternative Materials ◽

Alkaline Activator ◽

Materials Used ◽

Interesting Alternative

In this research, the effects of biochar additive on the properties of geopolymer materials were investigated. Normally, the geopolymer can be used for adsorption materials due to good ion exchange capacity. Biochar also has the application as an adsorption material for pollutant removal. Biochar particles were prepared from waste materials in pyrolysis condition. The geopolymer materials were prepared by mixing metakaolin and aluminium oxide in alkaline activator solutions of Na2SiO3and NaOH. Biochar was mixed with geopolymer by 0, 10, 20, and 30 % weight of binder. A NaOH concentration of 15 M, and Na2SiO3/NaOH ratios of 1.5 by weight were used. The density, porosity, and water absorption were measured. The phase formation, microstructure, and bonds of the sample were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The adsorption capacity of each sample was determined by methylene blue adsorption tests. The result of the removal efficiency of all samples shows high adsorption capacity (60-70 %). It should be interesting alternative materials used for remove of aqueous solution.

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