scholarly journals Comparison of BG-Sentinel Prototype, BG-Sentinel-1, and BG-Sentinel-2: Better Results With Modification of Earlier Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isik Unlu ◽  
Mark Baker
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Trapping Performance ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
The City ◽  
Sentinel 2

ABSTRACT The BG-Sentinel® (BGS) trap is considered “the gold standard” for Aedes albopictus surveillance. With the risk of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in the USA, it is imperative our best surveillance asset is as dependable and cost-effective as possible. Biogents AG (Regensburg, Germany) in recent years has manufactured 3 generations of BGS traps in an effort to optimize trapping performance of invasive Aedes species. We evaluated the field efficacy of BG-Sentinel 2 prototype (BGS2P), BG-Sentinel (BGS1), and BG-Sentinel 2® (BGS2). The field experiment was conducted between July 1 and September 21, 2016, on the outskirts of an abandoned industrial area in the city of Trenton, NJ (40°13′58.0″N, 74°44′21.6″W). All 3 traps were compared with 3-compound BG cartridge lures. There was no significant difference in total Ae. albopictus collections among BGS1 and BGS2. However, the number of Ae. albopictus collected from the BGS2P was significantly lower than BGS1 (P = 0.016) and BGS2 (P = 0.025). Our results indicate BGS2, encompassing the latest technology aimed with improved durability and efficacy, will yield the highest capture rates of adult Ae. albopictus mosquitoes.

Comparison of Trapping Performance Between the Original BG-Sentinel® Trap and BG-Sentinel 2® Trap1

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 384-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanayo Arimoto ◽  
James F. Harwood ◽  
Peter J. Nunn ◽  
Alec G. Richardson ◽  
Scott Gordon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trapping Performance ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
Sentinel 2

scholarly journals Employing Different Traps for Collection of Mosquitoes and Detection of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika Vector, Aedes albopictus, in Borderline of Iran and Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jalil Nejati ◽  
Morteza Zaim ◽  
Hassan Vatandoost ◽  
Seyed Hassan Moosa-Kazemi ◽  
Rubén Bueno-Marí ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Adult Mosquito ◽  
Vector Surveillance ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Asian Tiger ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
Sentinel 2

Background: Southeastern Iran has been established as an area with the potential to harbor Asian tiger mosquito populations. In 2013, a few numbers of Aedes albopictus were detected in three sampling sites of this region. This field study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of various traps on monitoring mosquitoes and status of this dengue vector, in five urban and 15 suburban/rural areas. Methods: For this purpose, four adult mosquito traps (BG-sentinel 2, bednet, Malaise, and resting box trap) were used and their efficacy compared. In addition, large numbers of CDC ovitraps were employed, within 12 months. Results: A total of 4878 adult samples including 22 species covering five genera were collected and identified from traps. It was not revealed any collection of Ae. albopictus. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference in meteorological variables between the two periods, the previous report and the current study. There were significant differences in the total number of mosquitoes collected by various traps in the region across different months. Conclusion: The resulting data collected here on the efficiency of the various trap types can be useful for monitoring the densities of mosquito populations, which is an important component of a vector surveillance system. While the presence of Ae. albopictus was determined in this potential risk area, there is no evidence for its establishment and further monitoring needs to be carried out.

scholarly journals TOWARD A MULTI-SOURCE REMOTE SENSING WETLAND INVENTORY OF THE USA: PRELIMINARY RESULTS ON WETLAND INVENTORY OF MINNESOTA

2021 ◽  
Vol V-3-2021 ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
S. Adeli ◽  
B. Salehi ◽  
M. Mahidanpari ◽  
L. J. Quackenbush
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Wetland Delineation ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Alos Palsar ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Wetland Inventory ◽  
Sentinel 2

Abstract. Wetlands are highly productive ecosystems that offer unique services on regional and global scales including nutrient assimilation, carbon reduction, geochemical cycling, and water storage. In recent years, however, they are being lost or exploited as croplands due to natural or man-made stressors (1.4 percent in 5 years within the USA). This decline in the extent of wetlands began legislative activity at a national scale that mandate the regulate use of wetlands. As such, the need for cost-effective, robust, and semi-automated techniques for wetland preservation is ever-increasing in the current era. In this study, we developed a workflow for wetland inventorying on a state-wide scale using optimal incorporation of dual-polarimetry Sentinel-1, multi-spectral Sentinel-2 and dual polarimetry ALOS-PALSAR with the Random Forest (RF) classifier in Google Earth Engine (GEE). A total of 45 features from a stack of multi-season/multi-year SAR and Optical imagery (included more than 5000 imagery) was extracted over Minnesota state, USA. We followed the Cowardin classification scheme for clustering the field data. The classification was performed in two levels in 5 different ecozones that cover the Minnesota state. Depending on the availability field data for each ecozone overall accuracies changed from 77% to 85%. The variable importance analysis suggests that Sentinel-2 spectral features are dominant in terms of their capability for wetland delineation. Sentinel-1 backscattering coefficient was also superior among other SAR features. Ultimately, the results of this study shall illustrate the applicability of free of charge earth observation data coupled with the advanced machine learning techniques that are available in GEE for better restoration and management of wetlands.

Evaluation of Novel Trapping Lures for Monitoring Exotic and Native Container-Inhabiting Aedes spp. (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Eastwood ◽  
Andrew K Donnellycolt ◽  
John J Shepard ◽  
Michael J Misencik ◽  
Robert Bedoukian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Aedes Japonicus Japonicus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Virus West Nile ◽  
Arbovirus Infection ◽  
Scent Lures ◽  
Bg Sentinel

Abstract Surveillance for diurnal container-inhabiting mosquitoes such as Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes japonicus japonicus (Theobald), and Aedes triseriatus (Say) have routinely relied on the deployment of multiple trap types, including CO2-baited light traps, gravid traps, oviposition traps, and BG-Sentinel. These trap configurations have met with varying degrees of effectiveness and in many instances likely under-sample these key mosquito vectors. Most recently, the BG-Sentinel trap used in conjunction with the human-scent lure has been largely accepted as the gold-standard for monitoring Ae. albopictus. However, its ability to attract other container-inhabiting Aedes species has not been fully evaluated. During 2018, we tested new scent lures, TrapTech Lure-A and Lure-H (Bedoukian Research, Inc.), using BG-Sentinel traps with CO2 in two regions of Connecticut, Stamford and Hamden, against the BG-Lure. Pooled mosquitoes were additionally screened for arbovirus infection. A total of 47,734 mosquitoes representing 8 genera and 32 species were captured during the study, with the Stamford site deriving on average three times as many mosquitoes per trap, adjusting for sampling effort. Lure-A and Lure-H outperformed the BG-Lure in terms of total numbers, diversity evenness, and the proportion of both Ae. j. japonicus and Ae. triseriatus. There were no significant differences among lures in capturing Ae. albopictus, and in terms of species richness. Fifty-seven isolates of virus (West Nile, Jamestown Canyon, and La Crosse viruses) were obtained during the study, with no significant difference between trap-lure. We highlight both novel lures as effective attractants for use in mosquito surveillance=, which either outperform, or equal, BG-Lure.

Advanced primary treatment: An alternative to biological secondary treatment. The city of Los Angeles hyperion treatment plant experience

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 223-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. J. Shao ◽  
Anmin Liu ◽  
Wada Frank ◽  
John Crosse ◽  
David Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Anionic Polymer ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The City

Advanced primary treatment (APT) is a process, in which chemicals are added to raw sewage to enhance total suspended solids (TSS) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) removals by coagulation and flocculation. The City of Los Angeles Hyperion Treatment Plant (HTP) is the largest APT plant in the USA, servicing over 4 million people within an area of 1500 km2 and currently treating an average of 15 m3/s (350 MGD). HTP began using APT in 1986; current chemical doses to the raw sewage are 10 mg/l of FeCl3 and 0.15 mg/l of an extremely high molecular weight anionic polymer. The 1992 annual average influent TSS and BOD5 concentrations were both 330 mg/l and the APT removed an average 83% TSS and 51% BOD5 at an average surface overflow rate of 75 m/day (1900 gals/ft2,day). This paper discusses the overall performance of APT. The process is more cost effective than conventional primary treatment and its use can significantly reduce the size of the following secondary treatment process. APT is especially suitable for developing countries because of its low capital and operating costs.

scholarly journals Evaluation of honey-baited FTA cards in combination with different mosquito traps in an area of low arbovirus prevalence

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadja C. Wipf ◽  
Valeria Guidi ◽  
Mauro Tonolla ◽  
Michela Ruinelli ◽  
Pie Müller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cold Chain ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Emerging Viruses ◽  
Reverse Transcription Pcr ◽  
Fta Cards ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bg Sentinel ◽  
Gravid Trap ◽  
Sentinel 2

Abstract Background The threat of mosquito-borne diseases is increasing in continental Europe as demonstrated by several autochthonous chikungunya, dengue and West Nile virus outbreaks. In Switzerland, despite the presence of competent vectors, routine surveillance of arboviruses in mosquitoes is not being carried out, mainly due to the high costs associated with the need of a constant cold chain and laborious processing of thousands of mosquitoes. An alternative approach is using honey-baited nucleic acid preserving cards (FTA cards) to collect mosquito saliva that may be analysed for arboviruses. Here, we evaluate whether FTA cards could be used to detect potentially emerging viruses in an area of low virus prevalence in combination with an effective mosquito trap. Methods In a field trial in southern Switzerland we measured side-by-side the efficacy of the BG-Sentinel 2, the BG-GAT and the Box gravid trap to catch Aedes and Culex mosquitoes in combination with honey-baited FTA cards during 80 trapping sessions of 48 hours. We then screened both the mosquitoes and the FTA cards for the presence of arboviruses using reverse-transcription PCR. The efficacy of the compared trap types was evaluated using generalized linear mixed models. Results The Box gravid trap collected over 11 times more mosquitoes than the BG-GAT and BG-Sentinel 2 trap. On average 75.9% of the specimens fed on the honey-bait with no significant difference in feeding rates between the three trap types. From the total of 1401 collected mosquitoes, we screened 507 Aedes and 500 Culex females for the presence of arboviruses. A pool of six Cx. pipiens/Cx. torrentium mosquitoes and also the FTA card from the same Box gravid trap were positive for Usutu virus. Remarkably, only two of the six Culex mosquitoes fed on the honey-bait, emphasising the high sensitivity of the method. In addition, two Ae. albopictus collections but no FTA cards were positive for mosquito-only flaviviruses. Conclusions Based on our results we conclude that honey-baited FTA cards, in combination with the Box gravid trap, are an effective method for arbovirus surveillance in areas of low prevalence, particularly where resources are limited for preservation and screening of individual mosquitoes.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KOMITMEN DAN IMPLEMENTASI TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT (TQM) TERHADAP KINERJA MANAJERIAL DI KAWASAN INDUSTRI KARAWANG

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-49
Author(s):  
Puji Isyanto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Management ◽  
Total Quality Management ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Managerial Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Manager Performance ◽  
The City

This study aims to find the influence of the manager's commitment and implementation of total quality management (TQM) to managerial performance in companies in the industrial area Karawang. This study uses a survey of 158 managers in the company-company industrial area of ​​the city of Karawang. The data used in this study, consisting of primary data obtained through the results of questionnaires and secondary data which supports research that studies literature and journals. Testing hypotheses using path analysis. Based on the results of the study found that: (1). A significant difference between the manager's commitment to the Managerial Performance, (2) There is a significant relationship between Total Quality Management Implementation of the Managerial Performance and (3). A significant difference between commitment and implementation manager of the Total Quality Management Company Operation Manager Performance.   Keywords: commitments manager, implementation of TQM, and company operation manager performance

Clevidipine as a therapeutic and cost-effective alternative to sodium nitroprusside in patients with acute aortic syndromes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. S5-S12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos L Alviar ◽  
Alejandra Gutierrez ◽  
Leslie Cho ◽  
Amar Krishnaswamy ◽  
Amr Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Sodium Nitroprusside ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Effective Alternative ◽  
Acute Aortic Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Usa

Background: Sodium nitroprusside is the preferred agent for the treatment of high blood pressure during acute aortic syndrome if blood pressure remains elevated after heart rate control with beta-blockers. The increasing cost of sodium nitroprusside in the USA led us to assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous clevidipine, a calcium channel blocker with quick onset of action, short half-life and significantly lower costs than sodium nitroprusside, in patients presenting with acute aortic syndrome. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of consecutive patients admitted to the Cleveland Clinic Cardiac Intensive Care Unit from 2013–2016 with a diagnosis of acute aortic syndrome. Patients who received intravenous sodium nitroprusside were compared with those receiving intravenous clevidipine. The primary outcome was a significant difference in blood pressure at one, three and six hours. Secondary outcomes included time to achieving blood pressure target and in hospital mortality with rates of hypotension and bradycardia as safety endpoints. Results: A total of 85 patients with suspected acute aortic pathology received clevidipine and 50 received sodium nitroprusside. Clinical and demographic characteristics were similar in both groups, except for a higher incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in the clevidipine group and for a trend towards higher use of labetalol in the clevidipine group. There were no significant differences in blood pressure or heart rate at one, three and six hours after starting either infusion. The rates of hypotension, bradycardia and in-hospital mortality did not differ. Time to achieve blood pressure control were also similar between groups. Conclusion: Intravenous clevidipine appears to be a safe and effective alternative to sodium nitroprusside for the management of high blood pressure during acute aortic dissection. In the USA, clevidipine could represent a cost effective therapy providing similar outcomes than sodium nitroprusside.

Bible on the territory of Ukraine

1998 ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
V. Jukovskyy
Keyword(s):  
The Bible ◽  
Christian Morality ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Conference

On June 5-7, 1998, in the city of Ostroh, Rivne Oblast, on the basis of the Ostroh Academy, the IV International Scientific and Practical Conference "Educating the Younger Generation on the Principles of Christian Morality in the Process of the Spiritual Revival of Ukraine" was held. This year she was devoted to the topic "The Bible on the Territory of Ukraine". About 400 philosophers, psychologists and educators from many Ukrainian cities, as well as philosophers and educators from Belarus, Canada, Poland, Russia, the USA, Turkey and Sweden participated in her work. The conference was attended by theologians and priests of all Christian denominations of Ukraine.

Extrakorporális és intrakorporális anasztomózis rövid távú eredményeinek összehasonlítása malignus daganat miatt végzett laparoszkópos jobb oldali hemikolektómia esetén

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Kornél Vajda ◽  
László Sikorszki
Keyword(s):  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Colon Surgery ◽  
Right Hemicolectomy ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Laparoscopic Assisted ◽  
Laparoscopic Hemicolectomy

Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: A laparoszkópia térhódítása a jobb oldali colon műtéteknél is nyilvánvaló. Ma legtöbb helyen a laparoszkóposan asszisztált jobb oldali hemikolektómia extrakorporális anasztomózissal a gold standard. A morbiditás randomizált vizsgálatok alapján még 30% körüli. A technikai fejlődés lehetővé tette az intrakorporális anasztomózist. Célkitűzés: Retrospektív módon elemezni rosszindulatú jobb oldali vastagbéldaganat miatt végzett laparoszkópos hemikolektómiák rövid távú eredményeit a két módszer összehasonlításával. Eredmények: 2018. 01. 01. – 2019. 12. 31. között 184 jobb oldali hemikolektómiát végeztünk, ezek közül 122 történt malignus betegség miatt. 51 esetben nyitott és 71 esetben laparoszkópos műtét történt. 37 férfi (átlagéletkor: 70,59 év) és 34 nő (átlagéletkor: 72,14 év) volt. 50 esetben extrakorporális (EA) és 21 esetben pedig intrakorporális anasztomózist (IA) végeztünk. Az EA csoportban 18, míg az IA csoportban 3 szövődmény alakult ki 30 napon belül (p = 0,067). Az EA csoportból 3, az IA csoportból 1 beteget veszítettünk el 30 napon belül (p = 0,66). Az átlagos ápolási idő az EA csoportban 9,48 (5–32) nap, míg az IA csoportban 6,52 (4–19) nap volt (p = 0,001) a szövődményes esetekkel együtt. A szövődményes esetek nélkül az EA csoportban 6,35 (5–10) nap, az IA csoportban pedig 5,55 (4–8) napnak bizonyult (p = 0,09). A műtéti idő pedig az EA csoportban 147 (90–240) perc, az IA csoportban pedig 146,47 (90–265) perc volt (p = 0,11). Konklúzió: Az irodalommal összhangban azt találtuk, hogy IA esetén kevesebb a szövődmény, ezzel is összefüggésben rövidebb az átlagos ápolási idő, és a műtéti időt tekintve nincs szignifikáns különbség. Ezeket figyelembe véve az intrakorporális anasztomózis javasolható jobb oldali laparoszkópos hemikolektómia esetén. Summary. Introduction: Laparoscopy became evident for right-sided colon surgery too. Today the laparoscopic-assisted right-hemicolectomy is the gold standard with extracorporeal anastomosis. Morbidity according to randomized trials is still approximately 30%. The development of the surgical technique resulted in the creation of intracorporeal anastomosis. Our aim was to compare the short-term results of the two methods. Aim: To analyse the short-term results of right-sided hemicolectomy that were performed due to malignant tumours with the comparison of the two methods. Results: A cohort of 184 right-sided hemicolectomy were performed from 01.01.2018 to 31.12.2019 from which 122 were operated on because of a malignant disease. 51 open and 71 laparoscopic operations were performed. The average age of 37 men and 34 women were 70.59 and 72.14 years, respectively. 50 patients underwent extracorporeal (EA) anastomosis and 21 intracorporeal (IA) anastomosis. Within 30 days the number of complications were 18 in the EA group and 3 in the IA group (p = 0.067). 3 from the EA group and 1 from IA group died within 30 days (p = 0.66). The average length of stay were 9.48 days in the EA group and 6.52 days in the IA group together with the complicated cases (p = 0.001) while 6.35 days and 5.55 days without the complicated cases (p = 0.09). The average duration of operation was 147 minutes in the EA and 146.47 minutes in the IA group (p = 0.11). Conclusion: We found concordance with the literature that there are fewer complications in case of IA which might be related to shorter length of stay. There is no significant difference between the surgical times. Bearing these facts in mind, IA might be suggested for right- sided laparoscopic hemicolectomy.

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