scholarly journals Biopellet Production from the Wastes of Palm Oil Plantation and Processing Plant Through Various Pretreatment Processes: A Review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diah Indriani Widiputri ◽  
Fernanda Ayuyasmin ◽  
Evita Herawati Legowo
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Agung Ikhssani

Identification of potential hazards is the basis of modern occupational safety management and hazards can threaten whenever and wherever including the agricultural sector. To develop the economic strength of the agricultural sector, it is necessary to increase productivity. One way that can be done is to increase employee productivity through the Employee Safety and Health program. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential physical hazards in the PPKS PTPN VII Bekri Business Unit. This type of research is interviews and observations that aim to find an overview of the assessment of physical potential hazards in the palm oil processing PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII Bekri business unit. The physical potential hazards found in the Palm Oil Processing Plant (PPKS) are the potential hazards of noise generated by machines> 85dB, hot working climate inside the factory, vibrations from the processing process, and improper lighting in the factory. Physical potential hazards contained in the PPKS unit are auditory and non-auditory disturbances on the dangers posed by noise, headaches and dehydration as well as attacks that can arise due to heat, discomfort due to inappropriate lighting resulting in potential work accidents and the appearance of musculoskeletal disorders due to a potential vibration hazard


2017 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutisa Yaeed ◽  
Thunwadee Tachapattaworakul Suksaroj, ◽  
Chaisri Suksaroj

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
. Yulistriani ◽  
Cindy Paloma ◽  
. Hasnah

One of the risks often faced by palm oil agribusiness is the post harvest risk of losing fresh fruit bunches (FFB) from each post-harvest chain (loss post-harvest). Palm oil which is a mainstay of plantation crops Dharmasraya region, its production from year to year is always the largest compared with other commodities. However, in 2015 palm oil production was decrease compared to the previous year. This study aims to analyze farmers' management capability in palm oil management, analyze the large loss of FFB yields in each chain from farmer (harvest) to final processing plant, analyze the probability and impact of post-harvest loss FFB and post-harvest post-harvest status in each post-harvest chain (stage). The large percentage of production losses to the total production of FFB produced is 3.85% for the land, 0.05% for the process of crude FFB checking (TPH), and 5.5% in the factory sorting (PKS). The impact of losses resulting from post-harvest loss of FFB in total per hectare of land is Rp 2,848,528,41 at factory sorting, and is the biggest loss compared to other chains.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Rahmatul Layly ◽  
ANJA MERYANDINI ◽  
IS HELIANTI ◽  
RIKA INDRI ASTUTI

Abstract. Layli IR, Meryandini A, Helianti I, Astuti RI. 2021. Identification of lipase-producing bacteria from palm oil sewage sludge processing plant at Malimping, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4512-4524. Lipase (triacylglycerol hydrolase E.C.3.1.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction of triacylglycerol into free fatty acids and glycerols. Lipase has broad application spectrum and unique catalytic mechanism, as one of important enzymes for industries, and almost all enzymes used for industries are originated from microbes. Identification of lipase-producing bacteria from palm oil processing sewage sludge was carried out to determine the potential of isolates and the application of lipase enzymes for industry. This study identified lipase-producing bacteria from the screening and isolation results from palm oil sewage sludge in Malimping-Banten. Two isolates were obtained from screening and isolation results. The morphological and observation and Gram staining method resulted in mlp-1 colony isolate was Gram-negative with basil cell shape, while mlp-2 colony isolate was Gram-positive with basil cell shape. Qualitative test on two isolates in tributyrin agar showed that two isolates produced clear zone or lipase enzyme. Molecular identification using 16SrRNA sequence showed that mlp-1 colony isolate was Chryseobacterium gleum, while mlp-2 colony was Bacillus velezensis. Literature study stated that Chryseobacterium gleum are pathogenic bacteria, resulting in uncontinued identification process, while Bacillus velezensis are non-pathogenic bacteria that have potential for industrial application. Identification of Bacillus velezensis was continued by performing biochemical test and inhibitory test. The continued identification results supported the molecular identification of lipase-producing enzyme for Bacillus velezensis.


Metalurgi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
D.N. Adnyana

Steel pipes are commonly used for transporting high pressure steam from a steam generating unit or boiler to a steam turbine or other processing unit. This paper presents a metallurgical examination performed on HP steam pipes of a newly constructed plant for transporting high pressure steam from a boiler to a palm oil processing plant. The aim was to assure that the material integrity of the steam pipes meet the intended specification and reliability. In addition, the aim was also to determine the estimated service life of the steam pipes. The metallurgical examination was conducted by preparing a number of specimens from the as-received three pieces of HP steam pipes. Various laboratory examinations were performed including chemical analysis, metallographic examination, hardness testing and tensile testing at 300 °C. In addition, a life-time analysis was also made using an equation based on the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) and data obtained from the API Standard 530. Results of the metallurgical examination obtained showed that the HP steam pipes which were made of ASTM A-106 Gr. B were all in good condition, either in microstructure or mechanical property. There were no any significant defect observed, and all the three HP steam pipes were assumed being ready to place in service. Under the intended operating pressure and temperature of 70 bar(g) and 300 °C (max), respectively it can be estimated that the HP steam pipes may likely reach some design life up to 25 years or more with the corrosion rate approximately 0.2 - 0.3 mm/year. AbstrakPipa baja sering digunakan untuk menyalurkan uap bertekanan tinggi dari sebuah ketel uap menuju ke unit turbin uap atau ke unit produksi lainnya. Tulisan ini menyajikan penelitian metalurgi yang dilakukan pada sejumlah pipa uap bertekanan tinggi pada sebuah pabrik yang baru dibangun untuk menyalurkan uap bertekanan tinggi dari sebuah ketel uap menuju ke pabrik pengolahan minyak ke-lapa sawit. Tujuannya adalah untuk memastikan bahwa keterpaduan material pipa uap memiliki kesesuaian dengan spesifikasi dan kehandalan yang diinginkan. Disamping itu, tujuannya juga ada-lah untuk memperkirakan umur layan pipa uap tersebut. Pengujian metalurgi dilakukan dengan mempersiapkan sejumlah benda uji yang diambil dari tiga potongan pipa uap yang diterima, yaitu meliputi : analisa kimia, uji metalografi dan uji kekerasan serta uji tarik pada suhu 300 °C. Disamping itu, analisa umur juga dibuat menggunakan persamaan yang diambil dari ASME Boiler dan BPVC (pressure vessel code) dan dari data standar API 530. Hasil pengujian metalurgi yang diperoleh menun-jukkan bahwa pipa uap bertekanan tinggi yang dibuat dari material ASTM A-106 Gr. B seluruhnya dalam kondisi baik, baik dari segi struktur mikro maupun dari segi sifat mekanis. Hasil pengujian juga menunjukkan bahwa pada struktur mikro tidak diketemukan adanya cacat yang berarti, dan seluruh (ke tiga) pipa uap yang di uji tersebut diperkirakan dalam keadaan siap untuk dioperasikan. Pada tekanan operasi 70 bar(g) dan temperatur operasi maksimum 300 °C yang direncanakan, diperkirakan bahwa pipa uap tersebut dapat memberikan umur desain hingga 25 tahun atau lebih dengan laju korosi 0,2 - 0,3mm/tahun.


Author(s):  
Edi Azwar

The Utilization of sludge oil palm processing plant is still not optimal, therefore it is necessary to study the use of sludge as an alternative supply of nutrients in the soil that is used as an additional planting medium. This research contributes to environmental knowledge courses according to the syllabus and RPS and the output products of this study are learning modules. This study aims to determine the effect of the addition of palm oil dry mud waste to the growth rate of mustard plants (Brassica rapa) on the study of Environmental Knowledge, and to compile the module as the development of teaching materials from the Environmental Knowledge course module. This study used a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replications. The results of this study can be concluded that the administration of sludge is very influential in increasing nutrient and growth of mustard plants, namely: plant height (cm), leaf surface area (cm2), number of leaf strands, and stem length (cm).


2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwinsyah . ◽  
Atika Afriani ◽  
Teddy Kardiansyah

Oil palm biomass derived from oil palm processing plant has a very abundant availability or nearly equal to the yield of crude palm oil. This paper provides a review of the chemical and fibers characteristics from the empty fruit bunches of oil palm tree associated with the properties of pulp and papermaking. Potential use of fibers from oil palm tree, which is included in the group of nonwood, as raw material for pulp and paper is large enough for wood substitution. Opportunities to use oil palm tree fibers as raw material for pulp and paper in industrial scale is very prospective. Keywords: empty fruit bunches, characteristics, utilization, pulp, paperABSTRAKBiomassa sawit yang berasal dari pabrik pengolahan sawit memiliki ketersediaan sangat melimpah atau hampir sama dengan rendemen minyak sawit mentah. Makalah ini memberikan tinjauan mengenai karakteristik kimia dan serat dari tandan kosong sawit terkait dengan sifat-sifat pembuatan pulp dan kertas. Potensi penggunaan serat dari tanaman sawit yang termasuk dalam kelompok nonkayu sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas cukup besar, untuk substitusi kayu. Peluang penggunaan serat tanaman sawit serta pemanfaatannya sebagai bahan baku pulp dan kertas skala industri cukup prospektif.Kata kunci: tandan kosong sawit, karakteristik, pemanfaatan, pulp, kertas


ELKHA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Fauzi Fauzi

Abstract– The area of oil palm plantations spread in 12 (twelve) regencies and 1 (one) city in West Kalimantan until 2016 has reached more than 1.4 million hectares. In addition to producing the main products of CPO, the oil palm plantation industry also produces biomass waste which, if not treated properly, will have adverse impacts on the environment. Solid waste from the processing of fresh fruit bunches can be utilized as fuel boiler driving steam turbine power plant. Liquid waste can be processed into biogas for fuel gas engines or gas turbines. While solid waste from stems and palm oil plant bark can be processed to produce bioethanol. Solid waste from the palm oil processing plant that has not been optimally utilized in the form of empty bunches of volumes reached more than 1.077.087 tons/ year and shell 301.584 tons/ year. Of these two solid wastes have the potential to generate energy of 21.826  TJ/yr. While liquid waste has the potential to produce methane gas of 66.779 on/year with a calorific valu of 3.606 TJ /yr. The total energy produced by solid and liquid waste is 25.432 TJ/yr. If used as fuel boiler or gas engine with heat transfer value into energy (efficiency) of 21,5%, will be generated electrical energy equal to 1,466,159 MWh/yr or equivalent with power plant with capacity more than 167 MW that operate throughout the year. From the processing of stem and oil palm plant stem if in every year re-planting of 4% of the plant area (48,344 ha), will potentially produce bioethanol 698.861 kL/yr. From utilization of palm oil processing waste as raw material of energy replacing fossil fuel will have positive impact to environment and potency to reduce CO2 emission up to 3,047,808 t-CO2/yr. Utilization of waste oil palm plantations into energy will provide financial benefits and environmental improvement. Keywords- palm oil, biomass waste, energy, environment


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