scholarly journals Determinants of residents’ support for Tourism development- A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Mubashir Ali Khan ◽  
Zaibunnisa Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Large Scale Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
Internal Construct Validity

The aim of this pilot study is to test the reliability and validity of the survey instrument designed to measure the residents’ support for tourism. Since the study uses an adapted questionnaire the need to assess the reliability and validity appears to be desirable. The questionnaire was distributed to altogether 70 residents of Huna Valley. Initially the content and face validity was authenticated by field experts and later on the internal construct validity was calculated through various measures. Hence inter-item correlation shows that all the variables are correlated to each other at significant level. Secondly, construct validity results show that all the constructs used by study are reliable and met the level of acceptability. Therefore, the results validated that modified instrument is valid and reliable in the context of the social lab selected i.e. residents of Huna Velly and a full large scale study can be carried out using this instrument.

Designing and Evaluating Survey Instruments for Research in Human Issues in Horticulture

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 554c-554
Author(s):  
Sonja M. Skelly ◽  
Jennifer Campbell Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Survey Research ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Instruments

Survey research has a long precedence of use in the social sciences. With a growing interest in the area of social science research in horticulture, survey methodology needs to be explored. In order to conduct proper and accurate survey research, a valid and reliable instrument must be used. In many cases, however, an existing measurement tool that is designed for specific research variables is unavailable thus, an understanding of how to design and evaluate a survey instrument is necessary. Currently, there are no guidelines in horticulture research for developing survey instruments for use with human subjects. This presents a problem when attempting to compare and reference similar research. This workshop will explore the methodology involved in preparing a survey instrument; topics covered will include defining objectives for the survey, constructing questions, pilot testing the survey, and obtaining reliability and validity information. In addition to these topics some examples will be provided which will illustrate how to complete these steps. At the conclusion of this session a discussion will be initiated for others to share information and experiences dealing with creating survey instruments.

Social Media-Specific Epistemological Beliefs: A Scale Development Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 478-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Celik
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Preservice Teachers ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Epistemological Beliefs ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
State University ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Validity Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Environments

Social media users should have a critical approach and look at any of knowledge in social media environments through a rational lens outside of their personal beliefs. In the era of posttruth, the rational lens concerns the epistemological beliefs that are about questioning the source of knowledge and perceive knowledge with criticism. The purpose of this study was to develop the social media-specific epistemological beliefs scale. The dimensions for the scale to be developed in the study were determined on the basis of a theoretical structure earlier proposed in the literature. The development of the social media-specific epistemological beliefs scale consisted of five stages: creating item pool, content and face validity analysis, construct validity analysis, reliability analysis, and language validity analysis. The study group created to analyze the construct validity of the scale consists of 432 preservice teachers who are studying in the education faculty of a large state university in Turkey. As a result of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the social media-specific epistemological beliefs scale was found to be composed of 15 items as a five-point Likert-type, which was fallen under three factors. Findings on the social media-specific epistemological beliefs scale showed that the scale was valid and reliable.

Factors influencing cloud computing adoption for e-government implementation in developing countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathey Mohammed ◽  
Othman Ibrahim ◽  
Norafida Ithnin
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Cloud Computing Adoption ◽  
Proposed Model

Purpose This paper aims to develop a model and measurement to investigate the factors influencing cloud computing adoption as a part of developing countries’ alternatives to implement e-government services. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes a theoretical model based on the literature of technology adoption models. It constructs scale measurements for the proposed model constructs by extracting and adapting the items from the literature. The authors verify the scales’ content validity and reliability by applying face validity, pre-testing and pilot study. For the pilot study, the authors collect the data from 26 information technology staff in five public organizations in Yemen. The authors test the reliability of the scales using Cronbach’s alpha criterion, and then conduct exploratory factor analysis to evaluate the validity of the scales. Findings The results show that the scale measurements meet the conventional criteria of reliability and validity. Originality/value Theoretically, this paper provides an integrated model for examining cloud computing adoption for e-government implementation in developing countries. In addition, it develops an instrument to empirically investigate the influencing factors of cloud computing adoption in the context of developing countries’ e-government initiatives.

scholarly journals Epigenetics and Proteomics Join Transcriptomics in the Quest for Tuberculosis Biomarkers

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Esterhuyse ◽  
January Weiner ◽  
Etienne Caron ◽  
Andre G. Loxton ◽  
Marco Iannaccone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Protein Translation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dna Methylome ◽  
Large Scale Study

ABSTRACT An estimated one-third of the world's population is currently latently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Latent M. tuberculosis infection (LTBI) progresses into active tuberculosis (TB) disease in ~5 to 10% of infected individuals. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to monitor disease progression are urgently needed to ensure better care for TB patients and to decrease the spread of TB. Biomarker development is primarily based on transcriptomics. Our understanding of biology combined with evolving technical advances in high-throughput techniques led us to investigate the possibility of additional platforms (epigenetics and proteomics) in the quest to (i) understand the biology of the TB host response and (ii) search for multiplatform biosignatures in TB. We engaged in a pilot study to interrogate the DNA methylome, transcriptome, and proteome in selected monocytes and granulocytes from TB patients and healthy LTBI participants. Our study provides first insights into the levels and sources of diversity in the epigenome and proteome among TB patients and LTBI controls, despite limitations due to small sample size. Functionally the differences between the infection phenotypes (LTBI versus active TB) observed in the different platforms were congruent, thereby suggesting regulation of function not only at the transcriptional level but also by DNA methylation and microRNA. Thus, our data argue for the development of a large-scale study of the DNA methylome, with particular attention to study design in accounting for variation based on gender, age, and cell type. IMPORTANCE DNA methylation modifies the transcriptional program of cells. We have focused on two major populations of leukocytes involved in immune response to infectious diseases, granulocytes and monocytes, both of which are professional phagocytes that engulf and kill bacteria. We have interrogated how DNA methylation, gene expression, and protein translation differ in these two cell populations between healthy individuals and patients suffering from TB. To better understand the underlying biologic mechanisms, we harnessed a statistical enrichment analysis, taking advantage of predefined and well-characterized gene sets. Not only were there clear differences on various levels between the two populations, but there were also differences between TB patients and healthy controls in the transcriptome, proteome, and, for the first time, DNA methylome in these cells. Our pilot study emphasizes the value of a large-scale study of the DNA methylome taking into account our findings.

scholarly journals Development and preliminary validation of the competency model for rural general practitioner in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Wei ◽  
Yanli Liu ◽  
Xuexue Zhao ◽  
Guanghui Jin ◽  
Yali Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Good Reliability

Abstract Background There is a shortage of rural general practitioners (GPs) in China. Training programs have been initiated to meet the needs of GP workforce in the rural areas; however, there is an absence of validated tool to assess their competencies. Objective This study aimed to develop a competency model for rural general practitioner (CMRGP) after training in China and to examine its validity and reliability. Methods A multistage process was adopted to develop the CMRGP comprised literature review, panel discussion and expert consultation, and the initial version of CMRGP was reduced from 10 domains and 77 items to 7 domains and 54 items. A pilot study was conducted among 202 rural GPs for the psychometric evaluation and application of the initial version of CMRGP, in which a questionnaire on the importance of items and self-evaluation was completed by the GPs. Results In the pilot study, 132 completed questionnaires (65.3%) were returned. Acceptability and face validity of the CMRGP were supported by high importance scores of the items, in which 52 out of 54 items achieved score higher than 4.00 (possible score from 0 to 5). Factor analysis supported the construct validity. After the modification, the final version of CMRGP contained 6 domains and 47 items. Good reliability was supported by internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s α was 0.98) and split-half reliability (Spearman–Brown coefficient was 0.99). Conclusions The CMRGP demonstrated good reliability and validity. Pilot study showed its potential for application in the rural general practice and training program.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Chinese version of the 20-item Prosopagnosia Index (PI20)

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 01036
Author(s):  
Wen Sun ◽  
Yuzheng Wang ◽  
Jinyan Wang ◽  
Fei Luo
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Self Report ◽  
The Social ◽  
Empathy Quotient ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Standardized Measurement ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Prosopagnosia, also known as facial blindness, has attracted wide attention in the social field in recent years. However, it mainly depends on the self-report of the chief complaint in the actual diagnosis. In addition, there is a lack of standardized measurement basis, which brings a lot of inconvenience to the patients themselves and follow-up researchers. In this study, we tested the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of 20 - item prosopagnosia index (PI-20). 647 young people aged 18-45 filled in PI-20, the adult autistic quotient scale, the empathy quotient questionnaire, and completed the retest one month later. Results showed that the PI-20 has good internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and has good validity. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis shows that the model can well fit the data of Chinese population and can be used for large-scale measurement. The Chinese version PI-20 is a reliable measurement for prosopagnosia.

scholarly journals To the Problem of Normative Data in Pathopsychological Diagnostics

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sultanova ◽  
I.A. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Test Interpretation ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
The Social

The article raises the question of the actuality level of normative data. This kind of data is necessary to compare the results of experimental studies with it, according to the traditions of Russian psychology. It can be assumed that the social changes that took place in the last decades should reflect on the process of forming of thinking and other mental functions. A pilot study for identifying the features of performing of classical pathopsychological techniques by healthy subjects was conducted. The study involved mentally healthy and socially adapted people of 20-39 years old, graduated or undergraduated. We used next several techniques: "Classification of objects", "Pictogram", filling in words missed in the text (Ebbinghaus test), "Interpretation of proverbs". The results of the experiment made it possible to identify two areas in which the changes were most significant. These spheres are emotional-motivational (personality) and thinking. Many subjects were characterized by: a wary-anxious attitude to the experiment, increased emotional - personal attitude to the stimuli material, a decrease in criticality to the results of their activities, neurodynamic disorders, inconsistency of thinking, versatility of thinking, a tendency to resonate, self-centered thinking (according to the authors these features are manifested in the form of "pathopsychology of everyday life" in everyday lifestyle). It is necessary to conduct special large-scale scientific research devoted to this problem.

scholarly journals Consumer Perceived Risk and Technology Tools: the Reliability and Validity of Instrument

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 1011-1014
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Statistical Software ◽  
Online Purchases ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Online Buying

In the current era of the transition of technology, there have been changes in the way purchases are made by physical stores, but nowadays consumers are increasingly using online purchases that can be made anywhere. However, limited attention was paid to study the behaviour of online purchases which mainly focuses on young consumers in Kota Bharu, Kelantan. Therefore, using a quantitative approach, the currentpreliminaryresearchwas aimed atevaluating the soundness and consistency of the instruments used tomeasure the risk perception factors of online buying behaviour in Kota Bharu. A total of 100 samples were analysed using SPSS statistical software version 24. Precedingthe result, content and face validity, reliability, and normality data were checked by an expert. The result of the pilot study indicated that the measuring tools are consistentto be usedin this research, since rational normality has been proven by the data. The resultfrom the currentresearch presentedcompletebacking for the propositionedgaugingtoolsto be applied in futuresupplementarystudies

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of Household Disaster Preparedness Index (HDPI)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Acceptable Range ◽  
Household Preparedness

Introduction: The preparedness of families for the disasters can set auspicious grounds for the preparedness of the whole society. In Iran health system, Household Disaster Preparedness Index (HDPI) that is composed of 15 items is applied for assessing the household preparedness in disasters. This study was conducted to investigate the reliability and validity of this index. Methods: In order to investigate the HDPI reliability, we two methods, namely internal consistency and stability determination, are. In order to investigate HDPI validity, we examined the face validity, content validity and construct validity. To do so, besides interviewing with the experts and family heads, 200 families were selected based on multistage cluster sampling method from amongst a study population that included the families in all the counties in Isfahan Province. Use has been made in content validity investigation of both qualitative and quantitative methods; and, in investigating the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was the method of choice. Results: The amount of HDPI internal consistency was calculated 0.786 which is in an acceptable range. HDPI stability, as well, was computed 0.98 using the test-retest method which is also in an optimal level. Therefore, it can be stated that HDPI enjoys the required reliability. Investigation of HDPI face validity indicated that the families have problems in perceiving some of the items of this index. The experts presented suggestions for improving the HDPI content validity following the qualitative investigation of the content validity. In the investigation of the content validity ratio (CVR), all the items, except the ones numbered 1, 3 and 4 were in an acceptable range; however, the investigation of the content validity index (CVI) indicated that only the validity of the items numbered 12 and 13 was acceptable in terms of all the three scales of relevancy, clarity and simplicity. To determine the construct validity, we used exploratory factor analysis to extract five factors (subscales), namely reduction of vulnerability, planning for disasters, family empowerment, procurement of resources for disasters and specialized programs. The internal consistency of these subscales indicated that only the internal consistencies of the first and the second factors were in an acceptable range. Conclusion: The present study revealed that although HDPI was a reliable measure, it did not enjoy the required validity for assessing the household preparedness in disasters.

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