scholarly journals The Inhibitory Effect of Leaves and Stems of Nerium oleander Alcoholic and Aqueous Extracts on Some Fungi In Vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Fadwa Abdul AL-RazaqJameel
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Inhibition Rate ◽  
No Inhibition ◽  
Toxic Plant

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effect of alcoholic and aqueous extract for leaves and stems of Nerium oleander on Trichophyton mentogrophytes and Cryptococcus neoformens in vitro. The effect of alcoholic extract for Nerium oleander leaves and stems on the tested fungi was showed inhibitory effect specialy on Trichophyton mentogrophytes compared with aqueous extract of leaves and stems of plant which showed less or no inhibition against the tested fungiA high inhibition rate of alcoholic extract of leaves and stems of plant aginst Trichophyton mentogrophytes were 83.3% and 67% respectively in concentration 20mg/ml. But the inhibition rate of aqueous extract of leaves and stems of plant on the same fungus were 30% and 0%respectively, in concentration 20mg/ml. The other aspect of the current study for the effect of alcoholic and aqueous extracts leaves and stems against Cryptococcus neoformens was done by measuring the diameter of inhibition zone of alcoholic extract of leaves and stems of the plant were 30mm and 22mm respectively in aconcentralion 200mg/ml where no inhibition zone for the aqueous extracts of leaves and stems of the plant against Cryptococcus neoformens. The conclusion of this study revealed that the Nerium oleander plant ( Toxic plant ) can be used as antifungal particulary the alcoholic extract of leaves and stems agairst Trichophyton mentogrophytes and Cryptococcus neoformens.

Effect of Arak, gall of Quercus infectoriaand Syzgiumaromaticum extracts on the growth and viability ofEntamoeba gingivalis in vitro.

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajida S. Hussein Al-Zako ◽  
Ban N. Mohammadali Al-Neamy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Salvadora Persica ◽  
Oak Trees ◽  
Oak Tree

After the succession of E.gingivalis cultivation on the DMEMmedium. This study was performedin order to identify the effect ofincreasing concentrations from aqueous and alcoholic extracts of a threeplants,known with their usage for medical treatment to dental and oraldiseases,those are Arak sticks (Salvadora persica), gall of oak tree (Quercusinfectoria) and flowering bud of clove (Syzgium aromaticum)on the viabilityof E. gingivalis.Aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Arak sticks showed a clear effectwith the superiority of the aqueous extract in its impact inhibitory effect onE.gingivalis.The results alsoshowed the existence of a negative and inhibitory impact increasingly on the growth ofE. gingivalis with the increasingconcentrations used of aqueous and alcoholic extracts fromgall of oak andflowering buds of clove, with simple superiority of aqueous extracts onalcoholic one for galls of oak trees and alcoholic extract of the of floweringbuds on aqueous one of buds clove.A clear increasing LT50 and LT90 where gained when using aqueousand alcoholic extracts of three plants with an Arak superiority in theelimination of the parasite, specially the aqueous one with the lower time.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Anacyclus Pyrethrum (L) Link and Corrigiola Telephiifolia Pourr. From the Middle Atlas Region-Morocco

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (33) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daoudi Amine ◽  
Bammou Mohamed ◽  
Ibijbijen Jamal ◽  
Nassiri Laila
Keyword(s):  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Disk Diffusion Assay ◽  
Middle Atlas

Aqueous extracts of Corrigiola telephiifolia and Anacyclus pyrethrum were studied in vitro for their antimicrobial properties. These plants were collected from the Central Middle Atlas region. Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. and Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link are widely used as a natural drug for the treatment of various infectious diseases. Phytochemical screening of the plants showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids and alkaloids. The determination of the polyphenols in the aqueous extract of the two plants revealed the presence of significant amounts of polyphenols (58.5 ± 0.76 mg equivalent of gallic acid (GEA) per gram of extract for C. telephiifolia, and 97.57 mg equivalent of gallic acid (GEA) per gram of extract of A. pyrethrum). The antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extracts against three bacterial strains was evaluated on the basis of the inhibition zone using the disk diffusion assay. The aqueous extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia is slightly active on E. coli. At a concentration of extract 100 μg mL-1, the size of the inhibition zone equal to 9 ± 0.06 mm. Whereas S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed a sensitivity to the macerate of Anacyclus pyrethrum at the concentration 100 μg mL-1 of extract with an inhibition zone 16.55 ± 0.6 mm, 14.95 ± 1.25 mm and 10.83 ± 0.96 respectively.

scholarly journals Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Larval Extracts Induce Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Migratory Effects on MCF7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Amina M. G. Zedan ◽  
Mohamed I. Sakran ◽  
Omar Bahattab ◽  
Yousef M. Hawsawi ◽  
Osama Al-Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Vespa Orientalis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The use of insects as a feasible and useful natural product resource is a novel and promising option in alternative medicine. Several components from insects and their larvae have been found to inhibit molecular pathways in different stages of cancer. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae on breast cancer MCF7 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that individual treatment with 5% aqueous or alcoholic larval extract inhibited MCF7 proliferation but had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells. The anticancer effect was mediated through (1) induction of apoptosis, as indicated by increased expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase3, and p53) and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2; (2) suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species; (3) elevation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and upregulation of the antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its downstream target HO-1; (4) inhibition of migration as revealed by in vitro wound healing assay and downregulation of the migration-related gene MMP9 and upregulation of the anti-migratory gene TIMP1; and (5) downregulation of inflammation-related genes (NFκB and IL8). The aqueous extract exhibited the best anticancer effect with higher antioxidant activities but lower anti-inflammatory properties than the alcoholic extract. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds with highest concentrations for resveratrol and naringenin in aqueous extract and rosmarinic acid in alcoholic extract. This is the first report to explain the intracellular pathway by which flavonoids and phenolic compounds-rich extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae could induce MCF7 cell viability loss through the initiation of apoptosis, activation of antioxidants, and inhibition of migration and inflammation. Therefore, these extracts could be used as adjuvants for anticancer drugs and as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Mutagenicity evaluation of Anastatica hierochuntica L. aqueous extract in vitro and in vivo

2017 ◽  
Vol 243 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Rosmani Md Zin ◽  
Zahurin Mohamed ◽  
Mohammed A Alshawsh ◽  
Won F Wong ◽  
Normadiah M Kassim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
In Vitro Assay ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Mutagenic Potential ◽  
Vitro Assay

Anastatica hierochuntica L. ( A. hierochuntica), a folk medicinal plant, was evaluated for mutagenic potential via in vitro and in vivo assays. The in vitro assay was conducted according to modified Ames test, while the in vivo study was performed according to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline for mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus assay. Four groups ( n= 5 males and 5 females per group) Sprague Dawley rats were randomly chosen as the negative control, positive control (received a single intramuscular injection of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg), 1000 and, 2000 mg/kg A. hierochuntica aqueous extracts. All groups except the positive control were treated orally for three days. Findings of the in vitro assay showed mutagenic potential of AHAE at 0.04 and 0.2 mg/ml. However, no mutagenic effect was demonstrated in the in vivo study up to 2000 mg/kg. No significant reduction in the polychromatic and normochromatic erythrocytes ratio was noted in any of the groups. Meanwhile, high micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes frequency was seen in cyclophosphamide-treated group only. These findings could perhaps be due to insufficient dosage of A. hierochuntica aqueous extracts to cause genetic damage on the bone marrow target cells. Further acute and chronic in vivo toxicity studies may be required to draw pertinent conclusion on the safety aspect of A. hierochuntica aqueous extracts consumption. Impact statement In this paper, we report on the mutagenicity evaluation of Anastatica hierochuntica aqueous extract. This is a significant research in view of the popularity of this herb consumption by the people across the globe despite of limited scientific evidence on its toxicity potential. This study is intended to encourage more extensive related research in order to provide sufficient evidence and guidance for determining its safe dosage.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Potential of Murraya Koenigii (L.) and Ficus Carica L. Extracts Against Aldose Reductase (ALR), Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) Formation and Sorbitol Accumulation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shah Asma Farooq ◽  
Randhir Singh
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Murraya Koenigii ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Abstract Introduction: Murraya koenigii (L.) and Ficus carica L. are traditionally used plants with significant medicinal and nutritional values. Aim and Objective: The present study was focused on the evaluation of hydro-alcoholic and aqueous extracts of M. koenigii (L.) leaves [MKHA (M. koenigii (L.) hydro-alcoholic extract) and MKAQ (M.koenigii (L.) aqueous extract)] and dried fruits of F. carica L. [FCHA (F. carica L. hydro-alcoholic extract) and FCAQ (F. carica L. aqueous extract)] in the attenuation of markers of microvascular complications associated with diabetes mellitus which can be further used to investigate the pharmacological activity of these plants in treatment of diabetes and its complications. Material and Method: The attenuating effect of the extracts was evaluated by calculating the ALR1 enzyme inhibition in a kidney of Wistar rat, anti-glycation activity in bovine serum albumin (BSA) and erythrocyte sorbitol accumulation inhibition in heparinized human blood. Results: A significant inhibitory effect (IC50 6.47μg/ml,7.26μg/ml,8.93 μg/ml and 9.66μg/ml) was observed with different concentrations of extracts (MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ) respectively, against ALR enzyme. After the 4th week of incubation, the inhibition of AGEs formation by MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ (500μg/ml) was found to be 82.58%, 78.58%, 74.39% and 69.56% respectively. MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ were found to exhibit significant inhibition against the accumulation of sorbitol in RBCs with IC50 188.88 μg/ml, 247.74μg/ml, 291.94μg/ml and 345.34μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The administration of different concentrations of MKHA, MKAQ, FCHA and FCAQ significantly attenuated ALR, AGEs and sorbitol accumulation; hence, it can provide a basis for identification and development of new inhibitors of these biomarkers.

Inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schouwii on seed germination and growth of Sulla coronaria

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Mejda Abassi ◽  
Zoubeir Béjaoui
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Centaurea Solstitialis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
Sulla Coronaria

Biodiversity has been confronted with anthropogenic threats and several natural threats such as biological invasions. The success of these invasions involves phytotoxic products released by invasive plants that can exhibit allelopathic effects on target species. Thus, aqueous extracts from different parts of the Mediterranean yellow star-thistle [Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schouwii (DC.) Gugler], were tested for their allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Sulla coronaria (L.). Bioassays were conducted in vitro to test the effects of the aqueous extracts of shoot, basal and root parts of C. solstitialis subsp. schouwii at two different concentrations (50 g·L−1 and 10 g·L−1). The concentrations of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins of the extracts were also evaluated. Our results showed inhibitory effects on the germination and seedling growth of S. coronaria seedlings, particularly with the extract form the basal part, reaching 84%. This study confirms the linear relationships between the allelopathic effects of C. solstitialis subsp. schouwii and the polyphenol and flavonoid contents. However, further experiments are needed under field conditions to confirm the results obtained under laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals In VitroEffect of Aqueous Extract and Fraction IV Portion ofXimenia americanaStem Bark onTrypanosoma congolenseDNA

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ambrose Maikai ◽  
Beatty Viv Maikai ◽  
Patricia Ishyaku Kobo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Trypanosoma Congolense ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tropical Africa ◽  
And Control

Trypanosomosis is a debilitating disease affecting mainly livestock and humans in tropical Africa. Chemically synthesized drugs and medicinal plants have been used in the treatment and control of this disease. In this study, thein vitroeffect of aqueous extracts and fraction IV extract ofXimenia americanastem bark onTrypanosoma congolenseDNA was investigated. The extracts were incubated with the parasitesin vitroat 300 mg/mL aqueous extract and 25 mg/mL fraction IV portion for 30, 60, and 120 mins. The DNA of the trypanosomes was isolated and digested using ECOR1 enzyme and subsequently PCR was carried out. Results showed that aqueous extract and fraction IV portion immobilized 55% and 90% of the trypanosomes after 30-minute incubation. Subsequent isolation of the parasite DNA and agarose gel electrophoresis did not reveal that cell death was as a result of DNA fragmentation. This suggests that cell death was by another mechanism of action.

In vitro antifilarial activity of extracts of the medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum against Brugia pahangi

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Khunkitti ◽  
Y. Fujimaki ◽  
Y. Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Brugia Pahangi ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Antifilarial Activity

AbstractThe in vitro effects of ethanol and aqueous extracts of the medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum on adult worms and microfilariae of Brugia pahangi were investigated. With or without the plant extracts in culture medium, the motility of adult worms, microfilariae and microfilarial release from female worms were monitored daily. After 7 days of culture, viability or tissue damage of adult worms was assessed using the MTT assay. At > 500 μg ml-1, the aqueous extract significantly reduced motility of adult females after 24 h of exposure and adult males after 3 days. The aqueous extract, at > 500 μg ml-1, also significantly reduced microfilarial release from female worms, starting on day 2. The reduction in the motility of adult worms and the pattern of microfilarial release from female worms were concentration and time dependent. The MTT assay results revealed that adult worms cultured in the presence of aqueous extracts at > 500 μg ml-1 were damaged. However, the aqueous extract did not affect the motility of microfilariae with the exception of those in higher concentration extracts. Higher concentrations of ethanol extracts (2 mg ml-1) inhibited both the motility of adult worms and the release of microfilariae from females. Little effect of ethanol extracts was detected by the MTT assay, as only slight damage was caused to worms exposed only to the highest concentration (2 mg ml-1). However, ethanol extract at 500 μg ml-1 rapidly reduced the motility of microfilariae on day 2. The present study revealed that an aqueous extract of C. halicacabum has mild but definite direct macrofilaricidal action on B. pahangi.

The relation between inhibitory substances and variability in time to germination of sugar beet clusters

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Battle ◽  
W. J. Whittington
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Germination Inhibitors ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
True Seed ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
Overhead Irrigation ◽  
Good Germination

SummaryEvidence was obtained for the presence of germination inhibitors in the aqueous extract from sugar-beet clusters. A positive correlation was shown between the germination of cress seeds moistened with aqueous extracts from clusters of twenty sugarbeet plants and the germination characteristics of other clusters from the same plants. Inhibition was thus greater in extracts from clusters with poor rather than good germination, and also in extracts from immature clusters or those which had received overhead irrigation. The inhibitory effect was found to be located in the perianth and pericarp tissue rather than in the true seed.

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