scholarly journals Morphological and histochemical features of the cloaca of Turkey hen Meleagris Gallopavo

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Lamees Ezaldeen Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Meleagris Gallopavo ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Columnar Cells

     The study includes six adult healthy hen turkey. The cloaca has three compartments separated by two circular folds and next to rectum is the coprodeum which the largest and measured (2.5±0.2cm) in length and (2.1±0.1cm) in diameter. The middle and smallest is the urodeum that measured about (1.01±0.2cm) in length and (1.2±1cm.) in diameter, that receives the ureter and left oviduct. Posteriorly, the proctodeum that measured about (1.4±0.1cm) in length and (1.6±1cm.) in diameter. The coprodeum mucosa has short and flat villi. The urodeum mucosa has tall branching pyramidal mucosal villi. The mucosa of proctodeum has lost the villi pattern. The three compartments were lined with mucous secreting columnar cells, most of these epithelial cells were positive for Alcian blue (2.5pH) stain and few were positive for PAS stain. The epithelial tubular glands showed positive reaction for Alcian blue satin only. The lamina propria of these compartments was cellular loose connective tissue displayed numerous of lymphatic nodules. The muscular mucosa is lost in proctodeum only. Tunica muscular is composed of two layers of smooth muscles fibers in coprodeum and urodeum and turned into skeletal type in proctodeum. The mean height of mucosal villi has significantly increased in urodeum.

Early Colonic Lesions in Experimental Shigella Infection in Rhesus Monkeys: Revisited

1982 ◽  
Vol 19 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Rhesus Monkeys ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Acute Colitis ◽  
Columnar Cells

Rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), given 3 × 108 to 5 × 1010Shigella flexneri 2a orally, developed signs of acute shigellosis within 24 hours. A diffuse acute colitis was well established at 48 hours. The inflammatory reaction was confined to the mucosa. The submucosa showed only edema. The shigellae were found predominantly in the columnar cells of the surface epithelium, less frequently in those of the crypt, and least frequently in the lamina propria. Shigella bacilli invaded the columnar cells from the intestinal lumen. The bacilli multiplied within epithelial cells and spread laterally to adjacent epithelial cells and penetrated the lamina propria. The bacterial invasion affected epithelial cells unevenly and resulted in the disappearance of goblet cells and pyknotic shrinkage of the surface epithelial cells. Epithelial cells had abnormal and accelerated exfoliation which resulted in multifocal epithelial defects. There was a distinct correlation between the quantity of bacilli present in tissues and the intensity of the inflammatory response. The small intestines were spared.

scholarly journals Histochemical investigation of the esophagus of the Wild bronze turkey (Meleagris gallopavo)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Yovchev ◽  
G. Penchev
Keyword(s):  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Meleagris Gallopavo ◽  
Histochemical Investigation ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Pas Reaction ◽  
Glandular Cells ◽  
Pas Staining ◽  
Thoracic Part ◽  
Tunica Muscularis

The aim of the present study was to investigate the thoracic part of the esophagus in the bronze turkey, using Masson’s trichrome stain and Alcian blue-PAS staining. Thirty-six clinically healthy bronze turkeys (eighteen males and eighteen females) were studied. The groups of the birds were at age 1, 7, 14, 28, 35 and 49 days. Each group consisted of three male and three female birds. The histological features of the organ were similar in the studied groups. It consisted of tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa. There were no specifics in the organ regarding the sex and the age of the birds. The esophageal glands in all of the studied groups, demonstrated intensive PAS and AB reaction, because of the mucous, produced by the epithelial glandular cells. Lamina propria exhibited a weak PAS reaction, visible in all ages, either in males, either in females.

scholarly journals Society of Physicians at Kazan University

1926 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403-1404
Author(s):  
A. Vylegzhanin
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Similar Case ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Main Mass ◽  
The Right

G. G. Nepryakhin: "A case of right lung hamartoma and peculiar lymphogranulematosis", (with demonstration of macro- and micro preparations). The reporter on autopsy of the corpse of a 39-year-old man found that the right lung was very small, its lobes and lobules were inconspicuous, its tissue was of fleshy density and appearance, without carbonaceous accumulations. The usual lung tissue was nowhere to be found under the microscope, the main mass of the organ was a delicate connective tissue, in which numerous short bundles of smooth muscles, nerve fibers, isolated large cartilaginous plates were arranged in disorder, adipose tissue, small nests of epithelial cells, clumps of lymphocytes, numerous blood vessels, long, narrow, straight or branching bronchial passages with cylindrical epithelium and formations resembling non-breathing embryonic alveoli. There were no inflammatory phenomena anywhere. A similar case was not described in the literature.

scholarly journals Morphology of the esophageal mucosa in long-eared owl and eurasian jay

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
N. Dyshlyuk
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Elastic Fibers ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Muscularis Mucosae ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Smooth Muscle Tissue ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Paraffin Block ◽  
Mucosal Folds

The morphology of the esophageal mucosa in long-eared owl (Asio otus) and Eurasian jay (Garrulus glandarius) has been studied. Samples with exception of the region of the esophageal tonsil were obtained from 3 adult birds of each species. They were studied by light microscopy using classical methods of morphological research. The tissue samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin block and finally the section were cut at 5–10 µm thickness using sliding microtome and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, according to Van Gizon and Weigert and impregnated with silver nitrate according to Kelemen. The esophageal mucosa consisted of four layers: epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosae, and submucosa. The epithelium was stratified squamous and better developed in the cranial part of the esophagus. The lamina propria was represented by a loose connective tissue with small amount of elastic fibers. In the long-eared owl tightly located numerous small secretory sections of the esophagus glands organised in 1–3, and in branches of large folds up to 6 layers, were found. Their short excretory ducts opened to the surface of the mucosa. The muscularis mucosae was represented by a smooth muscle tissue with bundles of cells directed longitudinally and in some areas appeared to be absent. The submucosa was well developed, and as well as lamina propria was formed by a loose connective tissue with a large number of elastic fibers. In the submucosa of the Eurasian jay secretory departments of large, not tightly located, esophageal mucous glands were found. The esophageal mucosa of this birds formed well-developed folds, which were composed of  all its layers. Their number in the long-eared owl was 20–25 and in the Eurasian jay – 5–9. The shape of folds on the transverse section is not the same: in the long-eared owl it was finger-shaped and leaf-shaped, but in the Eurasian jay it was wedge-shaped. Some large folds in the long-eared owl branched into the secondary mucosal folds. The height of folds in cranial part of the esophagus was larger than in caudal part. In both parts of the esophagus of long-eared owl  the height of the large and middle folds was larger than that in the Eurasian jay. The height of small folds in the Eurasian jay was greater than that in the long-eared owl. In both parts of the esophagus of this birds, the fold’s width at the base exceeded its width at the top. In the Eurasian jay the width of base and top of large, medium and small folds was larger than that in the long-eared owl. The esophageal mucosa was poor on immune formations. They were represented by single accumulations of diffuse lymphoid tissue, and in the Eurasian jay – even by secondary lymphoid nodules.

Invasion of chicken caecal and intestinal lamina propria by crypt epithelial cells infected with coccidia

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Fernando ◽  
A. M. Lawn ◽  
M. Elaine Rose ◽  
M. A. Al-Attar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Intestinal Lamina Propria ◽  
Epithelial Origin ◽  
Infected Cells ◽  
Crypt Cells

SUMMARYThe development of second generation schizonts of Eimeria necatrix and E. tenella was studied with the electron microscope. Invasion of the crypt epithelial cells by merozoites of the first generation schizonts caused changes in the morphology of the infected cells and stimulated their migration into the lamina propria through breaks which appeared in the basement membrane of the crypts. Second generation schizonts developed in the lamina propria within these crypt cells whose epithelial origin was confirmed by their interconnection by desmosomes and tight junctions and by their possession of characteristic microvilli. A comparison is made between this invasion of the lamina propria by parasitized cells and invasion of connective tissue by malignant epithelial cells; the possible mechanisms involved are discussed.

Reproduction in the mountain possum, Trichosurus caninus (Ogilby), in captivity

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Smith ◽  
RA How
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Ovarian Weight ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
The Mean

Reproduction was studied in eight female T. caninus held in captivity in Armidale, N.S.W., for up to 5 yr. Oestrus was diagnosed from the vast increase in epithelial cells in the vaginal smear, post-oestrus being detected by the appearance of many leucocytes and of some elongate epithelial cells. The mean of 17 oestrous cycles was 26.4+- 1.0 days and the mean of 10 gestation periods was 16.2+-0.2 days. The teats evert and the female first ovulates at the end of her 2nd year, but no captive female gave birth till near the end of her 3rd year. In the anatomy of the uteri and vaginae, T. caninus resembles T. vulpecula but the ovaries of T. caninus are markedly distinguished by the presence of up to seven large corpora lutea. Although the weight of the luteal tissue may contribute as much as 83.9 % of the total ovarian weight, there is no evidence from the uteri that these large corpora lutea are functional in hormone secretion. The luteal cells are large but vacuolated and are separated by a well developed network of connective tissue. As the corpora lutea persist throughout the life of the animal, it is suggested that their number be used to indicate the maximum age of the animal.

scholarly journals Histological study of the gall bladder of the common quail (Coturnix coturnix)

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 261-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Mobini
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
The Common ◽  
Tunica Muscularis ◽  
Chukar Partridge ◽  
Common Quail

The objective of this investigation was to study the histological structure of the gall bladder in the common quail (Coturnix coturnix). Samples were obtained from six male and six female healthy adult common quail. Tissue sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. Histological results showed that the overall histology of the gall bladder of the common quail is similar to that in the chukar partridge except for the goblet cells. No significant sex-based differences were found. The gall bladder was composed of tunica mucosa, tunica muscularis and tunica serosa or tunica adventitia. The tunica mucosa was mainly lined with simple columnar epithelium which was covered by a continuous striated border of microvilli. Goblet cells were observed among the epithelial cells. The tunica mucosa formed some folds which appeared to be regularly distributed over the whole gall bladder luminal surface and were mostly isometric. Deep invaginations of the surface epithelium were observed to have grown down into the underlying mesenchyme, showing a tubular gland-like appearance. The muscularis mucosa was absent. The thin lamina propria-submucosa contained loose connective tissue which consisted of numerous diffuse lymphatic tissues, but no glands were observed. The tunica muscularis consisted of a thin circular layer of smooth muscle fibres. The loose connective tissue of the tunica serosa or adventitia was made up of adipose tissues and blood vessels. It is concluded that the histological structures of the gall bladder of the common quail are similar to those of the chukar partridge except for the presence of goblet cells among the epithelial cells of the tunica mucosa.  

Hymenolepis citelli, H. diminuta and H. microstoma: immunoglobulin-containing cells in the lamina propria of the mouse gut during primary and secondary infections

1987 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidi T. O. Alghali
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Uninfected Control ◽  
Intestinal Lamina Propria ◽  
Secondary Infections ◽  
Functional Immunity ◽  
Immunofluorescent Technique ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

ABSTRACTThe indirect immunofluorescent technique was used to determine the occurrence of IgA, IgM and IgG1 immunoglobulin-containing cells in local intestinal mucosal immune responses to Hymenolepis citelli, H. diminuta and H. microstoma infections in mice. In the intestinal lamina propria of H. citelli and H. diminuta infected mice there was no increase in the mean numbers of immunoglobulin-containing cells when compared with uninfected control mice, but there was in H. microstoma infected mice. The numbers of IgG1 – positive cells in both infected and uninfected mice were very small relative to IgA and IgM immunocytes. The distribution of immunocytes in the lamina propria of infected and uninfected mice was essentially similar and the localization of isotypes in duodenal sections showed no immunoglobulins in the villous epithelial cells. There was also no marked difference between primary and secondary infections indicating that immunoglobulin-containing cells play no major role in functional immunity against hymenolepid infections in the mouse. The presence of IgA and IgM was also demonstrated on the tegument of the tapeworms, although the distribution was patchy and more abundant on H. microstoma than on H. diminuta or H. citelli. The time of appearance of both isotypes was latest on H. citelli.

scholarly journals Histochemistry of Equine Damaged Tendons, Ligaments and Articular Cartilage

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Gabriela De Bastiani ◽  
Flávio Desessards De La Corte ◽  
Karin Erica Brass ◽  
Camila Cantarelli ◽  
Stefano Dau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Alcian Blue Staining ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue

Background: The injury repair process in tendons and ligaments includes different phases such as inflammation, neovascularization, fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis. Collagen type and tissue characteristics of tendon and ligament repair are described such as type collagen differentiation and properties of the scars tissue. The degeneration of articular cartilage when, characterized by loss of the articular layers associated of the decreased of proteoglycans. The aim of this study is to describe by histochemistry techniques the characteristics of tissue scar, collagen type in the repair process of tendons and ligaments, as well as articular cartilage degeneration.Materials, Methods & Results: Tissue samples of equine tendons, ligaments and articular cartilage of the metacarpophalangeal joint region were evaluated by ultrasonography, macroscopically and prepared for routine histopathology (H&E staining). The inclusion criterion of the samples in this study was based on the presence of lesions characterized in H&E stain as fibroplasia, neovascularization, collagenolysis, chondroid metaplasia in tendons and ligaments and fibrillation and cartilaginous eburnation lesions in the articular cartilage samples. The Masson’s trichrome, Picrosirius red and Alcian blue staining techniques were also performed in addition to H&E. Pathologic findings in the tendons and ligaments included fibroplasia, collagenolysis, chondroid metaplasia and lymphohistioplasmacytic inflammation. Tendons and ligaments scars were composed of type III collagen but there was also some type I collagen. Fiber alignment of tendons and ligaments in the reorganization tissue was not flawless and the fiber appearance was characterized by a lack of the fiber crimp and parallelism. The fibroplasia was characterized by endotendinous tickening areas associated with the presence of loose connective tissue. In the areas of loose connective tissue substitution, collagen type fibers are intercalated to a lesser extent by type-III collagen fibers. In the Alcian blue stained samples of articular cartilage observed the surface layer and the matrix zone of calcified cartilage were weakly stained in blue.Discussion: Three special stains were utilized in this study along with the H&E evaluation elucidating the behavior tendons, ligaments and articular cartilage injury. The important observation in this study was fibroplasia in tendons and ligaments seems to be composed by abundant of loose connective tissue, chondrocytes and intermingled collagen type I and III fibers associated with lack of crimps alignment of the fibers. The fragile structure suggested by the Masson’s trichrome stain results (presence of the loose connective tissue) in this study perhaps make the tendons and ligaments receptive to other lesions. The characteristic blue discoloration of collagen fibers was only observed in the loose connective tissue may be because the dye penetration becomes easier when compared to the dense connective tissue (stained in red). The Masson’s trichrome made possible the differentiated the dense connective tissue of the loose connective tissue. The combined histochemistry staining technics allowed an improved characterization of fiber alignment, collagen type, inflammatory cell infiltration and neovascularization, which happens during the repair process of tendons and ligaments. The fibrillation and eburnation of the articular cartilage were associated with the decrease Alcian Blue staining characterized by degeneration process of articular cartilage.

scholarly journals Distribution of urokinase-type plasminogen activator immunoreactivity in the mouse.

1984 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 894-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
L I Larsson ◽  
L Skriver ◽  
L S Nielsen ◽  
J Grøndahl-Hansen ◽  
P Kristensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Protein Band ◽  
Good Correspondence ◽  
Ductus Deferens ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Decidual Cells

Immunocytochemistry, using rabbit antibodies to a urokinase-type 48-Kdalton Mr mouse plasminogen activator, showed that enzyme immunoreactivity is widely distributed in the normal mouse. Strong staining was obtained in widely disseminated connective tissue cells with a fibroblast-like morphology. Such cells occurred in high numbers in the lamina propria mucosae of the gastrointestinal tract, and in moderate numbers in the connective tissue septa of the pancreas. A few such cells were detected around the larynx, trachea, and bronchi. Immunoreactivity also occurred in epithelial cells of the proximal and distal kidney tubules, the ductus deferens, and in pulmonary pneumocytes. In addition, presumably extracellular staining was seen irregularly along the basement membrane and fibrillar structures in the lamina propria of the small and large intestines. Moreover, decidual cells of the mouse placenta stained strongly, and a moderate staining was observed in epithelial cells of involuting mammary glands, but not in those of noninvoluting glands. No immunoreactivity was observed in endothelial cells. Control experiments included absorption of the antibodies against highly-purified mouse plasminogen activator and the corresponding proenzyme, and the finding of a good correspondence between the number of immunoreactive cells and measurable enzymatic activity determined in adjacent tissue sections. Separation by SDS PAGE followed by immunoblotting revealed only one immunochemically stainable protein band with Mr approximately 48 Kdaltons in extracts from tissues showing immunoreactivity.

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