scholarly journals Sinter recrystalization and properties evaluation of glass-ceramic from waste glass bottle and magnesite for extended application

10.30544/223 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-302
Author(s):  
As'mau Ibrahim Gebi ◽  
Shehu Aliyu Yaro ◽  
Malik Abdulwahab ◽  
Mamuda Rayyan Dodo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Glass Frit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Glass Bottle ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials

In a bid to address environmental challenges associated with the management of waste Coca cola glass bottle, this study set out to develop glass ceramic materials using waste coca cola glass bottles and magnesite from Sakatsimta in Adamawa state. A reagent grade chrome (coloring agent) were used to modify the composition of the coca cola glass bottle;  X-ray fluorescence(XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize raw materials, four batches GC-1= Coca cola glass frit +1%Cr2O3, GC-2=97% Coca cola glass frit+ 2% magnesite+1%Cr2O3, GC-3=95% Coca cola glass frit+ 4%magnesite+1%Cr2O3, GC-4=93%Coca cola glass frit+ 6%magnesite+ 1%Cr2O3 were formulated and prepared. Thermal Gradient Analysis (TGA) results were used as a guide in selection of three temperatures (7000C, 7500C and 8000C) used for the study, three particle sizes -106+75, -75+53, -53µm and 2 hr sintering time were also used, the sinter crystallization route of glass ceramic production was adopted. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the density, porosity, hardness and flexural strength of the resulting glass ceramics were also measured. The resulting glass ceramic materials composed mainly of wollastonite, diopside and anorthite phases depending on composition as indicated by XRD and SEM, the density of the samples increased with increasing sintering temperature and decreasing particle size. The porosity is minimal and it decreases with increasing sintering temperature and decreasing particle size. The obtained glass ceramic materials possess appreciable hardness and flexural strength with GC-3 and GC-4 having the best combination of both properties.

Crystallization and Mechanical Properties of Glass-Ceramic from Silicon Slag

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 1643-1648
Author(s):  
Hang Li ◽  
Li Qiang Liu ◽  
Min Jing ◽  
Zhi Gang Wang ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Talcum Powder ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials ◽  
Spherical Grains

The glass-ceramic materials were produced from silicon slag with the addition of talcum powder and TiO2 by melting them in an electrically heated furnace and subsequent heat treatment at various temperatures and time. The microstructure and crystallization behaviors of glass–ceramics have been investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). With the increase of silicon slag content, the sequent precipitate phase is: krinovite Na (Mg1.9Fe0.1)Cr (SiO)3O, pseudobrookite Fe2TiO5 and anorthite Ca (Al2Si2O8), enstatite ferroan MgFeSi2O6, and albite Na (AlSi3O8). The shape of crystals was spherical grains. The glass–ceramic sample obtained from 70% silicon slag had the excellent mechanical performance including flexural strength of 200.45 MPa and Vickers micro hardness of 909.72 MPa.

scholarly journals Method of X-Ray Diffraction Data Processing for Multiphase Materials with Low Phase Contents

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Scorbun ◽  
S. V. Gabielkov ◽  
I. V. Zhyganiuk ◽  
V. G. Kudlai ◽  
P. E. Parkhomchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiphase Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials ◽  
Amorphous Glass ◽  
Diffraction Patterns

Amorphous, glass, and glass-ceramic materials practically always include a significant number (more than eight) of crystalline phases, with the contents of the latter ranging from a few wt.% to several hundredths or tenths of wt.%. The study of such materials using the method of X-ray phase analysis faces difficulties, when determining the phase structure. In this work, we will develop a method for the analysis of the diffraction patterns of such materials, when diffraction patterns include X-ray lines, whose intensities are at the noise level. The identification of lines is based on the search for correlations between the experimental and test lines and the verification of the coincidence making use of statistical methods (computer statistics). The method is tested on the specimens of a-quartz, which are often used as standard ones, and applied to analyze lava-like fuel-containing materials from the destroyed Chornobyl NPP Unit 4. It is shown that the developed technique allows X-ray lines to be identified, if the contents of separate phases is not less than 0.1 wt.%. The method also significantly enhances a capability to determine the phase contents quantitatively on the basis of lines with low intensities.

Effect of Gradual Substitution of CaO by SrO in Glass-Ceramic Materials of the System SiO2 - Al2O3 - CaF2 - RO (R = Ca, Mg, Sr)

2012 ◽  
Vol 1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Garza-García ◽  
J. López-Cuevas ◽  
C.A. Gutiérrez-Chavarría ◽  
N. Piedad-Sánchez ◽  
E. Camporredondo-Saucedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Substitution Level ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials ◽  
Ceramic Samples ◽  
Crystallization Fraction

ABSTRACTThe density, Vickers microhardness and crystallization fraction of glass-ceramic materials synthesized from parent glasses are determined in which CaO is gradually substituted by SrO. The chemical composition (in mol.%) of the parent glasses is 54SiO2-(23-X)CaO-12MgO-5Al2O3-6CaF2-XSrO, where X is the employed CaO substitution level (X = 0, 3, 6 and 9 mol.%, with X = 0 corresponding to the reference material). In order to determine the type of crystallization occurring in the glass-ceramic samples, as well as the crystalline phases formed in them, these are characterized by both Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM/EDS) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Independently of the CaO substitution level employed, the glass-ceramics show the formation of a solid solution corresponding to diopside-type pyroxene, with chemical formula Ca(Mg,Al)(Al,Si)2O6, as a single crystalline phase. The synthesized glass-ceramic materials with the reference composition show the highest Vickers microhardness and crystallization fraction, as well as the lowest density.

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al2O3-TiC-ZrO2 Ceramic Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1031-1035
Author(s):  
Wei Min Liu ◽  
Xing Ai ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Yong Hui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Al2O3-TiC-ZrO2ceramic composites (ATZ) were fabricated by hot-pressed sintering. The phases and microstructure of the composites were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The relative density and mechanical properties (flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vicker’s hardness) of the composites were tested. The results show that the microstructure of the composites was the gray core-white rim. With the increase of sintering temperature, the relative density and mechanical properties of the composites increased first and then decreased. The composite sintered at 1705°C has the highest synthetical properties, and its relative density, flexural strength, fracture toughness and Vickers hardness are 98.3%,970MPa,6.0 MPa•m1/2and 20.5GPa, respectively.

scholarly journals Preparation of basalt-based glass ceramics

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branko Matovic ◽  
Snezana Boskovic ◽  
Mihovil Logar
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Glassy Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials

Local and conventional raw materials?massive basalt from the Vrelo locality on Kopaonik mountain?have been used as starting materials to test their suitability for the production of glass-ceramics. Crystallization phenomena of glasses of the fused basalt rocks were studied by X-ray phase analysis optical microscopy and other techniques. Various heat treatments were used and their influences, on controlling the microstructures and properties of the products were studied with the aim of developing high strength glass-ceramic materials. Diopside CaMg(SiO3)2 and hypersthene ((Mg,Fe)SiO3) were identifies as the crystalline phases. The final products contained considerable amounts of a glassy phase. The crystalline size was in range of 8?480 ?m with plate or needle shape. Microhardness, crashing strength and wears resistence of the glass-ceramics ranged from 6.5?7.5, from 2000?6300 kg/cm2 and from 0.1?0.2 g/cm, respectively.

scholarly journals Utilization of discarded foundry sand (DFS) and inorganic waste from cellulose and paper industry for the manufacture of glass-ceramic materials

Cerâmica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (380) ◽  
pp. 413-420
Author(s):  
L. M. S. e Silva ◽  
R. S. Magalhães ◽  
W. C. Macedo ◽  
G. T. A. Santos ◽  
A. E. S. Albas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials

Abstract Recycling has been pointed out as an alternative to the disposal of waste materials in industrial landfills. In the present study, the transformation of residues (discarded foundry sand - DFS, grits, and lime mud) in glass-ceramic materials is shown. The glasses were obtained by the melting/cooling method. The precursor materials, glasses, and glass-ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and differential scanning calorimetry/thermal gravimetric analysis (DSC/TGA). The glassy materials were milled, pelleted, and thermally treated at the crystallization temperatures given by DSC data to obtain the glass-ceramics (885, 961, and 1090 ºC). The main formed phases were cristobalite, α-wollastonite (parawollastonite), and β-wollastonite (pseudowollastonite). The glass-ceramics showed very low water absorption and apparent porosity (0.26 to 0.88 wt% and 0.66 to 1.77 vol%, respectively). The results confirmed that the studied residues can be used as raw materials for the manufacture of vitreous and glass-ceramic materials.

Effect of Process on the Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3-Based X9R Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Lin Zhang ◽  
Bin Bin Zhang ◽  
Ning Ning Wang ◽  
Jing Ming Fei
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sintered Ceramic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

The effect of milling time and sintering process on the dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based X9R ceramics was investigated. The characterization of the raw powders and the sintered ceramic was carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The particle size distribution of the mixed powders was examined by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. The results shown that with the milling time extended, the Cruie Peak was depressed, or even disappeared. Moreover, with the rise of sintering temperature, the dielectric constant of the ceramics increased and the dielectric loss decreased gradually. Eventually, by milling for 11h and sintering at 1090°Cfor 2h, good dielectric properties were obtained, which were ε25°C≥ 2526, εr/εr25°C≤± 12% (–55~200°C), tanδ≤1.12% (25°C).

Effects of Different Content of TiO2 on Crystallization Behavior and Properties of Li2O-ZnO-SiO2 Glass-Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 263-267
Author(s):  
Xiu Quan Zhao ◽  
Zheng Cao ◽  
Yu Teng Wu ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Chang Jiu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Glass Ceramic Materials ◽  
Average Coefficient ◽  
Different Content

Glass-ceramic materials of the Li2O-ZnO-SiO2 system, with various amounts of TiO2 added, have been prepared. The appropriate heat treatment temperatures were selected according to the information provided by the differential thermal analysis (DTA). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that in the LZS glass-ceramics system, the main phases are Li2ZnSiO4, cristobalite, tridymite and quartz. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that crystals appear as lamellar and spherical particles in the glass-ceramics samples. In addition, the average coefficient of the thermal expansion (CTE) values first decreased, then increased and finally tended to flatten. When the content of TiO2 increased to 6%, the CTE value decreased to 9.15×10-6/K, reached the lowest value. When the content of TiO2 increased to 10%, the CTE value reached highest value 13.90×10-6/K.

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