scholarly journals Regulation of salinity tolerance in Brassica juncea (L.) introgression lines: Osmoprotectants, antioxidative molecules and ionic content

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-131
Author(s):  
Kannu Priya ◽  
Pushp Sharma ◽  
OP Choudhary ◽  
Virender Sardana
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Ionic Content ◽  
K Concentration

Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss] is one of the most important oilseed crops worldwide yet drought and salinity stress significantly reduced its growth and yield. The research was carried out in order to test the effect of salinity on osmoprotectants (total soluble sugars, proline), antioxidant molecules (ascorbate, α-tocopherol) and ionic content from the dry sample of the leaves in introgression lines and varieties of Brassica juncea. Permanent saline plots are maintained in the field of soil sciences where different doses of sodium carbonate were given to maintain the relative sodium bicarbonate (RSC) to three levels. The results revealed the significant effect of salinity on biochemical attributes as well as on ionic content. Increase in total soluble sugars, proline, ascorbate, α-tocopherol and Na+ ion whereas rest of the ions Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ decreased with increased salinity levels. Increased accumulation of Na+ increased the Na+/K+ ratio and decreased the K+/Na+. Significant finding among the introgression lines and varieties revealed low Na+ and high K+ correspondingly Na+/K+ low and K+/Na+ ratio. Decreased calcium and magnesium ion resulted in decline in chlorophyll content and membrane stability under saline conditions while decreased K+ concentration regulated the opening and closing of stomata thus hampering photosynthesis.

scholarly journals Unravelling genetic variability for moisture stress tolerance in Indian mustard and identification of high breeding value donor lines

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1478-1487
Author(s):  
S.K. Sandhu ◽  
◽  
MS. Sunayana ◽  
L. Pal ◽  
I. Rialch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Introgression Lines ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Drought Susceptibility Index ◽  
Land Race ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased

Aim: Identification of high breeding value donor lines harbouring tolerance to moisture stress from diversity stock of 443 genotypes of Brassica juncea. Methodology: Germplasm stock of 443 Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) genotypes, comprising introgression lines, land races, old cultivars and advance breeding lines, were evaluated under two environments viz., irrigated and rainfed conditions to check the variability for yield and related traits. Statistical software META-Rver 6.0 (Multi Environment Trial Analysis using R) was used for computation of Best Linear Unbiased Predictions, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), Genetic Correlations and Heritability. Drought susceptibility index and per cent seed yield reduction under rainfed conditions were used as indicators to determine moisture stress tolerance in genotypes. Results: The variability for moisture stress tolerance has been unravelled in a diverse genetic stock of Brassica juncea under two environments: irrigated and rainfed. For high prediction accuracy, the ranking of genotypes was done based on Best Linear Unbiased Predictions for seed yield and its component traits. PBR-378, RGN-329, RB-73, RB-50 and PBR-422 and Giriraj were identified as moisture stress tolerant genotypes. One land race Sahib 36 and three introgression lines viz., MCP 12-211, PTJ-3-69 and MSC-3 have also been identified as potential genetic resources for moisture stress tolerance. Principal component analysis based on biplots depicted specific distribution of variables for each environment. Interpretation: This study led to the identification of potential donors for moisture stress tolerance with high predictive accuracy. Low drought susceptibility index and high breeding value in a land race and three introgression lines derived from Erucastrum cardaminoides, B. tournefortii and B. carinata emphasized their utilization as potential genetic resources to breed for moisture stress tolerance in B. juncea.

scholarly journals Effect of Sowing Dates on Growth and Yield of Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 3046-3057
Author(s):  
Kul Bhushan Mani Tripathi ◽  
Tarun Gaur ◽  
Lovkush Pandey ◽  
Ajay Singh ◽  
Ankit Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Sowing Dates

Seed-specific overexpression of Arabidopsis DGAT1 in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) increases seed oil content and seed weight

Botany ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddanna Savadi ◽  
Vasupalli Naresh ◽  
Vajinder Kumar ◽  
Shripad Ramachandra Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Oleic Acid Content ◽  
Seed Oil Content

Oil content is an important yield trait in Brassica juncea (L.) Coss. Improvements to yield levels of mustard by conventional breeding methods have reached a plateau. The application of transgenic technology is an area that has not yet been explored for improving the oil content of B. juncea. In this study, the effect of overexpression of AtDGAT1 (a key gene involved in oil biosynthesis) on the seed oil content of B. juncea was investigated. For seed-specific overexpression, the gene was linked to Arabidopsis thaliana oleosin promoter and mobilized into mustard through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Transformants were selected on MS medium containing 50 mg/L kanamycin, and a transformation frequency of 10.5% was obtained. A total of 10 transgenic events were generated. Analyses of seed weight, oil content, and other yield traits in T1 transgenics showed that seed-specific overexpression of AtDGAT1 significantly improved the oil content and seed weight. The maximum oil content increase observed in the transgenic seeds was 8.3% compared with the wild-type plants. Total fatty acid content was increased from 4% to 14% in six of the seven events. However, the content of oleic and linoleic acid was reduced and, of these two, oleic acid content showed drastic reduction.

Influence of Chlormequat on the Growth and Yield of Irrigated and Rainfed Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea) in the Field

1987 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Saini ◽  
R. S. Jolly ◽  
O. S. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Seed Oil Content

SUMMARYThe effect of the field application of chlormequat on the growth, yield and seed oil content of Brassica juncea grown under irrigated and rainfed conditions was evaluated for three consecutive crop seasons. Foliar application at the flower initiation stage increased the number of primary branches, number and length of siliquae, weight of seeds and seed oil content. Chlormequat (50 AS) applied at 80 ml ha−1 increased seed yield by more than 50%. The increase was greater in unirrigated crops.

Agronomic performance of autumn- and winter-cropped Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) in response to varying levels of nitrogen fertiliser

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Bent Al-Hoda Asghari ◽  
Mohsen Yousefi ◽  
Katarzyna Możdżeń ◽  
Joanna Puła ◽  
Peiman Zandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern) cultivation is suggested for regions with short seasons and low rainfall. Although there have been many studies conducted on agronomic production of mustard in Iran, the information regarding the interactive impact of cropping seasons and nitrogen fertiliser on growth characteristics and yield quality of mustard plant is still insufficient and requires further investigation. This study focused on the possible implications of different cropping seasons and different nitrogen levels on selected agronomic traits in mustard. In this experiment, five different doses of nitrogen and two sowing periods were used to assess for their combined effects on the growth parameters, seed yield and agronomic characteristics of mustard in the semi-arid climatic conditions of Takestan. The results revealed that cultivation seasons and nitrogen rates had a significant effect on plant height, biomass yield, number of siliques per plant, seed oil content and seed yield.

Chemical Constituents in Some Promising Genotypes of Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.]

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNITA SINGH ◽  
R. P. SINGH ◽  
H. K. SINGH ◽  
N. A. KHAN ◽  
M. K. MAURYA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Erucic Acid ◽  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Fatty Acid Analysis ◽  
Crude Fibre

Among the oilseed Brassica crops, Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.] is an important source of oil from a nutritional point of view. The nutritional value of oil and cake quality is governed mainly by the composition of its fatty acids, iodine value, saponification, acid value, glucosinolates, crude fibre, protein and limiting amino acids, etc. Seventeen varieties/strains of Indian mustard were taken for saturated and unsaturated fatty acid analysis. The eicosenoic was absent in genotype (NUDBYJ-10) and erucic acid (NUDBYJ-10, LES-46 and Pusa mustard- 21). The fatty acid composition found a variable in different genotypes. Saturated fatty acid, Palmitic + Stearic ranged between 2.3 to 6.5%, Oleic 10.6 to 40.7%, Linoleic 16.1 to 37.7%, Linolenic 13.3 to 26.7%, Eicosenoic 0.00 to 10.30% and Erucic acid 0.00 to 47.50%, respectively. Alternaria blight severity also varied in different genotypes and ranged between 18.75 to 56.25%, maximum being in genotype Kranti and minimum in LES-47. No significant correlation was observed between the fatty acid composition and disease severity. The oil content range from 38.1 to 42.60% and protein content was found highest in variety RGN-73. The amino acid viz. methionine and tryptophan range between 0.41 to 1.81 g/16gN and 0.41 to 1.81 g /16g N, respectively.

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