scholarly journals Oral dysbiosis exacerbates the virulence of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto via up-regulation of the CPH2 biofilm master gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-011
Author(s):  
Rodríguez María Lourdes ◽  
Rosa Alcira Cristina ◽  
Nastri María Lorena ◽  
Jewtuchowicz Virginia Martha
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto is the second to third most frequent cause of candidemia. Studies place this yeast as a frequent colonizer of niches of the oral cavity, predominantly in pathological conditions. We hypothesize that a buccal environment in dysbiosis enhances the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. Objective: To evaluate at the phenotype and molecular level the production of biofilm in oral isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and correlate the results with the clinical origin (dysbiosis versus eubiosis). Material and methods: The biofilm-forming ability was compared in 50 oral isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto obtained from patients with and without oral dysbiosis; by quantification of biofilm biomass and metabolic activity. The results were corroborated by optical and confocal fluorescence microscopy, and correlated with the transcriptional activity of CPH2, by RT-qPCR. The data were analyzed by Excel 2010, and InfoStat 2018, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The metabolic activity in biofilm was significantly higher in oral dysbiosis relative to control (p = 0.0025). Basal expression of CPH2 increased 2.8 times more in oral dysbiosis related to the control condition and showed no significant differences with pathogenic isolates of this same yeast, derived from onychomycosis lesions. Conclusion: The oral cavity in dysbiosis increases the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto due to possible changes in epigenetic marks. This finding suggests that the oral cavity in dysbiosis may be an alternative route to the skin in the epidemiology of nosocomial candidemia.

scholarly journals Oral Dysbiosis Exacerbates Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto Biofilm Production via Up-Regulation of the CPH2 Biofilm Master Gene

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rodríguez ML ◽  
Rodríguez ML ◽  
Rosa AC ◽  
Nastri ML ◽  
Jewtuchowicz VM
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

Introduction: Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto is the second to third most frequent cause of candidemia. Studies place this yeast as a frequent colonizer of niches of the oral cavity, predominantly in pathological conditions. We hypothesize that a buccal environment in dysbiosis enhances the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. Objective: To evaluate the phenotype and molecular level of the production of biofilm in oral isolates of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and correlate the results with the clinical origin (dysbiosis versus eubiosis). Materials and Methods: The biofilm-forming ability was compared in 50 oral isolates of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto obtained from patients with and without oral dysbiosis; by quantification of metabolic activity. The results were corroborated by confocal fluorescence microscopy, and correlated with the transcriptional activity of CPH2, by RT-qPCR. The data were analysed by Excel 2010, and InfoStat 2018, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The metabolic activity in biofilm was significantly higher in oral dysbiosis relative to control (p = 0.0025). Basal expression of CPH2 increased 2.8 times more in oral dysbiosis related to the control condition and showed no significant differences with pathogenic isolates of this same yeast, derived from onychomycosis lesions. Conclusion: The oral cavity in dysbiosis increases the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto due to possible changes in epigenetic marks. This finding suggests that the oral cavity in dysbiosis may be an alternative route to the skin in the epidemiology of nosocomial candidemia.

scholarly journals The oral cavity promotes virulence of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto via up-regulation of BCR1

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-133
Author(s):  
Rodríguez María Lourdes ◽  
Alcaraz Eliana Sabrina ◽  
Rosa Alcira Cristina ◽  
Jewtuchowicz Virginia Marta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Sensu Stricto

scholarly journals A case series of medically managed Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghao Guo ◽  
Yuting He ◽  
Rui Fan ◽  
Zhongwen Wu ◽  
Yili Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Candida Metapsilosis ◽  
Candida Orthopsilosis ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract Background In recent years, Candida parapsilosis is recognized as a species complex and is composed of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis. Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is rare and the survival rate is still low despite of optimal therapeutic strategies. In our report, it is novel to report cases as Candida parapsilosis complex PVE at species and identify Candida parapsilosis using MALDI-TOF MS. Case presentation A series of 4 cases of Candida parapsilosis complex PVE from our institution was reported. Three were infected by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and one was infected by Candida metapsilosis. The condition of two cases got better and the other died. Conclusions More attention should be paid to Candida parapsilosis complex PVE and early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy may play a role in the treatment for Candida parapsilosis complex PVE. It is recommended to identify Candida parapsilosis complex at species level and MALDI-TOF MS as an easy, fast and efficient identification method is worth promoting in clinical microbiology

scholarly journals Is the myonuclear domain ceiling hypothesis dead?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Aman ◽  
E El Khatib ◽  
A AlNeaimi ◽  
A Mohamed ◽  
AS Almulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Myonuclear Domain ◽  
Multinuclear Cells

Muscle fibres are multinuclear cells, and the cytoplasmic territory where a single myonucleus controls transcriptional activity is called the myonuclear domain (MND). MND size shows flexibility during muscle hypertrophy. The MND ceiling hypothesis states that hypertrophy results in the expansion of MND size to an upper limit or MND ceiling, beyond which additional myonuclei via activation of satellite cells are required to support further growth. However, the debate about the MND ceiling hypothesis is far from settled, and various studies show conflicting results about the existence or otherwise of MND ceiling in hypertrophy. The aim of this review is to summarise the literature about the MND ceiling in various settings of hypertrophy and discuss the possible factors contributing to a discrepancy in the literature. We conclude by describing the physiological and clinical significance of the MND ceiling limit in the muscle adaptation process in various physiological and pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and management of a fatal case of sepsis caused by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto in a neonate with omphalocele

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Simone Santana ◽  
Tania Salci ◽  
Patricia Andriato ◽  
Patricia Bonfim-Mendonça ◽  
Silvana Caparroz-Assef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

scholarly journals Lack of efficacy of echinocandins against high metabolic activity biofilms of Candida parapsilosis clinical isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Yamamoto Thomaz ◽  
Marcia de Souza Carvalho Melhem ◽  
João Nobrega de Almeida Júnior ◽  
Gil Benard ◽  
Gilda Maria Barbaro Del Negro
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
High Metabolic Activity

scholarly journals Candida guilliermondii Complex Is Characterized by High Antifungal Resistance but Low Mortality in 22 Cases of Candidemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Judith Marcos-Zambrano ◽  
Mireia Puig-Asensio ◽  
Felipe Pérez-García ◽  
Pilar Escribano ◽  
Carlos Sánchez-Carrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Candida Guilliermondii ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Content Model ◽  
Crystal Violet Assay

ABSTRACT The objectives of our study were to describe the characteristics of patients with Candida guilliermondii candidemia and to perform an in-depth microbiological characterization of isolates and compare them with those of patients with C. albicans candidemia. We described the risk factors and outcomes of 22 patients with candidemia caused by the C. guilliermondii complex. Incident isolates were identified using molecular techniques, and susceptibility to fluconazole, anidulafungin, and micafungin was studied. Biofilm formation was measured using the crystal violet assay (biomass production) and the XTT reduction assay (metabolic activity), and virulence was studied using the Galleria mellonella model. Biofilm formation was compared with that observed for C. albicans. The main conditions predisposing to infection were malignancy (68%), immunosuppressive therapy (59%), and neutropenia (18%). Clinical presentation of candidemia was less severe in patients infected by the C. guilliermondii complex than in patients infected by C. albicans, and 30-day mortality was lower in C. guilliermondii patients (13.6% versus 33.9%, respectively; P = 0.049). Isolates were identified as C. guilliermondii sensu stricto (n = 17) and Candida fermentati (n = 5). The isolates produced biofilms with low metabolic activity and moderate biomass. The G. mellonella model showed that C. guilliermondii was less virulent than C. albicans (mean of 6 days versus 1 day of survival, respectively; P < 0.001). Patients with candidemia caused by the C. guilliermondii complex had severe and debilitating underlying conditions. Overall, the isolates showed diminished susceptibility to fluconazole and echinocandins, although poor biofilm formation and the low virulence were associated with a favorable outcome.

scholarly journals Inhibition ofStreptococcus gordoniiMetabolic Activity in Biofilm by Cranberry Juice High-Molecular-Weight Component

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jegdish Babu ◽  
Cohen Blair ◽  
Shiloah Jacob ◽  
Ofek Itzhak
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Plaque Formation ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
Cranberry Juice ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Molecular Weight Component ◽  
Biofilm Development

Previous studies demonstrated that a cranberry high-molecular-mass, nondialyzable material (NDM) can inhibit adhesion of numerous species of bacteria and prevents bacterial coaggregation of bacterial pairs. Bacterial coaggregation leads to plaque formation leading to biofilm development on surfaces of oral cavity. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of low concentrations of NDM onStreptococcus gordoniimetabolic activity and biofilm formation on restorative dental surfaces. We found that the NDM selectively inhibited metabolic activity ofS. gordonii, without affecting bacterial viability. Inhibiting the metabolic activity of bacteria in biofilm may benefit the health of the oral cavity.

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