scholarly journals Oral Dysbiosis Exacerbates Candida parapsilosis Sensu Stricto Biofilm Production via Up-Regulation of the CPH2 Biofilm Master Gene

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rodríguez ML ◽  
Rodríguez ML ◽  
Rosa AC ◽  
Nastri ML ◽  
Jewtuchowicz VM
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

Introduction: Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto is the second to third most frequent cause of candidemia. Studies place this yeast as a frequent colonizer of niches of the oral cavity, predominantly in pathological conditions. We hypothesize that a buccal environment in dysbiosis enhances the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. Objective: To evaluate the phenotype and molecular level of the production of biofilm in oral isolates of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and correlate the results with the clinical origin (dysbiosis versus eubiosis). Materials and Methods: The biofilm-forming ability was compared in 50 oral isolates of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto obtained from patients with and without oral dysbiosis; by quantification of metabolic activity. The results were corroborated by confocal fluorescence microscopy, and correlated with the transcriptional activity of CPH2, by RT-qPCR. The data were analysed by Excel 2010, and InfoStat 2018, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The metabolic activity in biofilm was significantly higher in oral dysbiosis relative to control (p = 0.0025). Basal expression of CPH2 increased 2.8 times more in oral dysbiosis related to the control condition and showed no significant differences with pathogenic isolates of this same yeast, derived from onychomycosis lesions. Conclusion: The oral cavity in dysbiosis increases the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto due to possible changes in epigenetic marks. This finding suggests that the oral cavity in dysbiosis may be an alternative route to the skin in the epidemiology of nosocomial candidemia.

scholarly journals Oral dysbiosis exacerbates the virulence of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto via up-regulation of the CPH2 biofilm master gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-011
Author(s):  
Rodríguez María Lourdes ◽  
Rosa Alcira Cristina ◽  
Nastri María Lorena ◽  
Jewtuchowicz Virginia Martha
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Basal Expression ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Confocal Fluorescence ◽  
Nosocomial Candidemia

Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto is the second to third most frequent cause of candidemia. Studies place this yeast as a frequent colonizer of niches of the oral cavity, predominantly in pathological conditions. We hypothesize that a buccal environment in dysbiosis enhances the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto. Objective: To evaluate at the phenotype and molecular level the production of biofilm in oral isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and correlate the results with the clinical origin (dysbiosis versus eubiosis). Material and methods: The biofilm-forming ability was compared in 50 oral isolates of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto obtained from patients with and without oral dysbiosis; by quantification of biofilm biomass and metabolic activity. The results were corroborated by optical and confocal fluorescence microscopy, and correlated with the transcriptional activity of CPH2, by RT-qPCR. The data were analyzed by Excel 2010, and InfoStat 2018, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The metabolic activity in biofilm was significantly higher in oral dysbiosis relative to control (p = 0.0025). Basal expression of CPH2 increased 2.8 times more in oral dysbiosis related to the control condition and showed no significant differences with pathogenic isolates of this same yeast, derived from onychomycosis lesions. Conclusion: The oral cavity in dysbiosis increases the virulence of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto due to possible changes in epigenetic marks. This finding suggests that the oral cavity in dysbiosis may be an alternative route to the skin in the epidemiology of nosocomial candidemia.

scholarly journals The oral cavity promotes virulence of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto via up-regulation of BCR1

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-133
Author(s):  
Rodríguez María Lourdes ◽  
Alcaraz Eliana Sabrina ◽  
Rosa Alcira Cristina ◽  
Jewtuchowicz Virginia Marta
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Sensu Stricto

scholarly journals A case series of medically managed Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghao Guo ◽  
Yuting He ◽  
Rui Fan ◽  
Zhongwen Wu ◽  
Yili Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prosthetic Valve ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Maldi Tof Ms ◽  
Maldi Tof ◽  
Candida Metapsilosis ◽  
Candida Orthopsilosis ◽  
Tof Ms

Abstract Background In recent years, Candida parapsilosis is recognized as a species complex and is composed of Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis. Candida parapsilosis complex prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is rare and the survival rate is still low despite of optimal therapeutic strategies. In our report, it is novel to report cases as Candida parapsilosis complex PVE at species and identify Candida parapsilosis using MALDI-TOF MS. Case presentation A series of 4 cases of Candida parapsilosis complex PVE from our institution was reported. Three were infected by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto and one was infected by Candida metapsilosis. The condition of two cases got better and the other died. Conclusions More attention should be paid to Candida parapsilosis complex PVE and early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic therapy may play a role in the treatment for Candida parapsilosis complex PVE. It is recommended to identify Candida parapsilosis complex at species level and MALDI-TOF MS as an easy, fast and efficient identification method is worth promoting in clinical microbiology

Studies of Virulence Factors of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Avian Colibacillosis by In vitro Method and PCR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayushi Singh ◽  
Daljeet Chhabra ◽  
Rakhi Gangil ◽  
Rakesh Sharda ◽  
Ravi Sikrodia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Stx1 Gene

Background: Avian colibacillosis is considered as major cause of morbidity and mortality in poultry. It is a common bacterial disease of poultry and many virulence factors of E. coli are associated with the disease. The current study was aimed to investigate the presence of some virulence factors of E. coli isolated from the cases of colibacillosis.Methods: In present study, total 150 samples (liver, heart, lungs, air sacs and feaces) of chicken exhibiting pathological conditions of colibacillosis were collected from various poultry farms (organized and backyard) situated in and around Mhow and Indore cities. E.coli was isolated and identified from the samples on the basis of cultural characteristics and biochemical test. All E. coli isolates were further subjected to evaluate the presence of virulence factors such as biofilm production, haemolysis, invasiveness and molecular detection of fimH and stx1 gene.Result: Out of these 51.33% of incidence of E. coli was recorded. E. coli O84 and O149 serotypes were found most prevalent. Out of 77 isolates, 46 (59.7%) and 45 (58.4%) were positive for biofilm formation by tube method and modified CRA method, respectively. All E. coli isolates were showing invasiveness in congo red binding assay while none of the isolates was found haemolytic. Molecular detection revealed the presence of fimH (508bp) gene in 33.3% of tested samples while stx1 gene could not be detected in any isolates.

scholarly journals Is the myonuclear domain ceiling hypothesis dead?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Aman ◽  
E El Khatib ◽  
A AlNeaimi ◽  
A Mohamed ◽  
AS Almulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Muscle Hypertrophy ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Upper Limit ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Myonuclear Domain ◽  
Multinuclear Cells

Muscle fibres are multinuclear cells, and the cytoplasmic territory where a single myonucleus controls transcriptional activity is called the myonuclear domain (MND). MND size shows flexibility during muscle hypertrophy. The MND ceiling hypothesis states that hypertrophy results in the expansion of MND size to an upper limit or MND ceiling, beyond which additional myonuclei via activation of satellite cells are required to support further growth. However, the debate about the MND ceiling hypothesis is far from settled, and various studies show conflicting results about the existence or otherwise of MND ceiling in hypertrophy. The aim of this review is to summarise the literature about the MND ceiling in various settings of hypertrophy and discuss the possible factors contributing to a discrepancy in the literature. We conclude by describing the physiological and clinical significance of the MND ceiling limit in the muscle adaptation process in various physiological and pathological conditions.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and management of a fatal case of sepsis caused by Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto in a neonate with omphalocele

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Simone Santana ◽  
Tania Salci ◽  
Patricia Andriato ◽  
Patricia Bonfim-Mendonça ◽  
Silvana Caparroz-Assef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Diagnosis And Management

Isolation and Identification of Fungal Isolates caused Otomycosis from some Hospitals and Clinics in Mosul with Determination of Their Virulence Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabeel Al-Sharrad ◽  
Muhammad A. Al-Kataan ◽  
Maha A. Al-Rejaboo
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Etiological Agents

Otomycosis is a fungal infection that frequently involves the external auditory canal. In this study, we aimed to isolation and identification the fungal isolates as etiological agents of otomycosis from some hospitals and clinics in Mosul with determination of their virulence factors of fungal etiological agents. Positive fungal infection was found in (43) samples (71.6%). The most common fungal pathogens were Candida and Aspergillus species, with Candida parapsilosis being the predominant isolates in (11) samples (16.6%). Otomycosis was more common in Female in (26) samples (43.3%).Otomycosis was the highest prevalence aged group 15-40 years (19) samples (31.3%). The present study of virulence factors revealed that the highest biofilm formation isolates were C. parapsilosis is (10) isolates which were distributed between (2) strong and (8) weak biofilm formation.Where C.trpicales, was recorded as least isolates for biofilm production.

scholarly journals Lack of efficacy of echinocandins against high metabolic activity biofilms of Candida parapsilosis clinical isolates

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 1129-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Yamamoto Thomaz ◽  
Marcia de Souza Carvalho Melhem ◽  
João Nobrega de Almeida Júnior ◽  
Gil Benard ◽  
Gilda Maria Barbaro Del Negro
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Candida Parapsilosis ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
High Metabolic Activity
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