scholarly journals COVID-19 in Douala-Cameroon: Epidemiologic features, challenges to fight the pandemic, and psychosocio-economic impacts

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 045-048
Author(s):  
H. Blaise Nguendo Yongsi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Case ◽  
Urban Settlements ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Epidemiologic Features

Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can cause illnesses such as the common cold, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). In 2019, a new coronavirus was identified as the cause of a disease outbreak that originated in China. Cases of COVID-19 have been reported in a growing number of cities worldwide. Cameroon recorded the first case of the Coronavirus on March 6, 2020 and thereafter, there was a geometric increase in the number of cases. In response to this, the government announced firm measures in an effort to curb the exponential increase of the Coronavirus cases in the country. Despite the measures, the number of cases has continued to increase, coupled with another unwanted socio-economic phenomenon. This study aims to present the challenges to fight COVID-19 in Cameroon urban settlements as with the case of Douala metropolitan city, to examine its geographical distribution pattern, and to apprehend its socio-economic impacts on Douala city dwellers. Data used here derived from local and national health statistics, and from a cross-sectional study conducted in Douala city from May to December 2020. Results reveal that coherent measures were taken by health officials to fight the pandemics. However, spread of the virus has continued in the city, under a differentiated dissemination pattern. Findings also revealed that during lockdown, the city witnessed downturn in the economy, increase in domestic violence and mental health problems. The study recommends the effective follow-up of the measures put in place by the government as well as all the stakeholders, the financial support of enterprises and an aggressive sensitization of the population.

scholarly journals Could EAISI-trained providers provide better quality of IUD services? Results of a secondary data analysis of complications as a proxy indicator

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1473
Author(s):  
Manish Gehani ◽  
Manoj Pal ◽  
Anupama Arya ◽  
Shobhana Singh ◽  
Kaushik S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Background: For accelerating its progress towards FP2020 goals, the Government of India has focused on improving the quality of intrauterine device (IUD) services. EngenderHealth has supported the Governments of Rajasthan and Gujarat since 2014 through its Expanding Access to IUD Services in India (EAISI) project by building the capacity of service providers, monitoring their compliance with standard practices, and strengthening health systems. This study sought to assess whether EAISI trained providers provide a better quality of IUD services as compared to non-EAISI trained providers, as indicated by a reduction in confirmed IUD complications? Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study of secondary data collected from the follow-up registers of 176 intervention facilities (138 in Rajasthan and 38 in Gujarat) during Phase I of EAISI project. The analysis included clients who returned between April 2018 and March 2019 to the same facility for a follow-up visit. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with IUD complications. Results: A total of 56,733 IUD insertions were conducted, and 10,747 (18.9%) client follow-ups were documented. Of these, 49.4% (N=5,305) clients received IUDs from EAISI-trained providers, while 50.6% (N=5,442) received IUDs from non-EAISI trained providers. A total of 4.0% (N=432) of clients experienced complications (Expulsion: 1.3%, Missing Strings: 1.7%, Infection: 1.1%). Clients who received IUDs from non-EAISI-trained providers were 55.5% more likely [95% CI (26.2%, 91.5%), p<0.0005] to have complications compared to clients who received insertions from EAISI-trained providers. Other significant factors include the type of IUD, timing of the follow-up visit and timing of the insertion. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that intensive, hands-on training of providers to improve clinical skills for IUD insertions can have a positive impact on the reduction of post-insertion complications.

scholarly journals Potential for Improving Intrauterine Device (IUD) Service Delivery Quality: Results from a Secondary Data Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1473
Author(s):  
Manish Gehani ◽  
Manoj Pal ◽  
Anupama Arya ◽  
Shobhana Singh ◽  
Kaushik S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Standard Practices

Background: To accelerate progress toward Family Planning 2020 (FP2020) goals, the government of India focused on improving the quality of intrauterine device (IUD) services. EngenderHealth, an international sexual and reproductive health and rights organization, has been supporting the governments of Gujarat and Rajasthan since 2014 through the Expanding Access to IUD Services in India (EAISI) project by building the capacity of service providers, monitoring compliance with standard practices, and strengthening health systems. This study sought to assess whether EAISI-trained providers offer higher quality IUD services than non-EAISI-trained providers, as indicated by a reduction in confirmed IUD complications. Methods: The study team conducted an analytical cross-sectional study of secondary data collected from follow-up registers at 176 intervention facilities (38 in Gujarat and 138 in Rajasthan) during Phase I of the EAISI project. The analysis included follow-up clients who returned to the same facility between April 2018 and March 2019. We performed a multivariate logistic regression to determine factors associated with IUD complications. Results: During the period of assessment, 56,733 clients received IUD insertions, and 10,747 (18.9%) clients returned for follow-up services. Of the returning clients, 49.4% (N=5,305) had received IUDs from EAISI-trained providers, while 50.6% (N=5,442) had received IUDs from non-EAISI-trained providers. A total of 4.0% (N=432) of all returning clients experienced complications (expulsion: 1.3%, missing strings: 1.7%, infection: 1.1%). Clients who received IUDs from non-EAISI-trained providers were 55.5% more likely (95% CI [26.2%, 91.5%], p<0.0005) to have experienced complications than clients who received insertions from EAISI-trained providers. The type of IUD, the timing of the insertion, and the timing of the follow-up visit also affected complication prevalence. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that intensive, practical clinical skills training for IUD insertion can reduce the prevalence of complications.

scholarly journals Could trained providers provide better quality of IUD services? Results of a secondary data analysis of complications as a proxy indicator

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Gehani ◽  
Manoj Pal ◽  
Anupama Arya ◽  
Shobhana Singh ◽  
Kaushik S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government

Background: For accelerating its progress towards FP2020 goals, the Government of India has focused on improving the quality of intrauterine device (IUD) services. EngenderHealth has supported the Governments of Rajasthan and Gujarat since 2014 through its Expanding Access to IUD Services in India (EAISI) project by building the capacity of service providers, monitoring their compliance with standard practices, and strengthening health systems. This study sought to assess whether EAISI trained providers provide a better quality of IUD services as compared to non-EAISI trained providers, as indicated by a reduction in confirmed IUD complications? Methods: This study was an analytical cross-sectional study of secondary data collected from the follow-up registers of 176 intervention facilities (138 in Rajasthan and 38 in Gujarat) during Phase I of EAISI project. The analysis included clients who returned between April 2018 and March 2019 to the same facility for a follow-up visit. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine factors associated with IUD complications. Results: A total of 56,733 IUD insertions were conducted, and 10,747 (18.9%) client follow-ups were documented. Of these, 49.4% (N=5,305) clients received IUDs from EAISI-trained providers, while 50.6% (N=5,442) received IUDs from non-EAISI trained providers. A total of 4.0% (N=432) of clients experienced complications (Expulsion: 1.3%, Missing Strings: 1.7%, Infection: 1.1%). Clients who received IUDs from non-EAISI-trained providers were 55.5% more likely [95% CI (26.2%, 91.5%), p<0.0005] to have complications compared to clients who received insertions from EAISI-trained providers. Other significant factors include the type of IUD, timing of the follow-up visit and timing of the insertion. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that intensive, hands-on training of providers to improve clinical skills for IUD insertions can have a positive impact on the reduction of post-insertion complications.

scholarly journals Analysis Socioeconomic Influence on the Utilization of Health Service in the Inpatient Room of Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1567-1571
Author(s):  
Muhammad Alwy Arifin ◽  
Amaliah Amriani. AS ◽  
Muh. Yusri Abadi ◽  
Anwar Mallongi ◽  
Dian Saputra Marzuk
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Utilization Of Health Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Hospitals in carrying out their role cannot be separated from problems, both from within and from outside that can interfere with the mechanism of work of the hospital in providing health services for the community. Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar is one of the private hospitals in the city of Makassar which in the last 3 years has decreased the value of BOR. The purpose of this study was to find out the socio-economic influence on the utilization of health services in the inpatient room of Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar. This research is a cross-sectional study. A total of 99 people were sampled in the inpatient room of Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar by taking a sample using the purposive sampling method. Data is collected by conducting interviews with respondents. Data processing is done by frequency distribution analysis and univariate and multivariate analysis with the Binary Regression approach namely logit and probit analysis. Based on the results of the study, it was obtained that socioeconomic variables that have an influence on the utilization of health services in the Faisal Islamic Hospital Makassar is the ownership of health insurance with the results of p-value< 0.1 is logit 0.299 and probit of 0.000. For the government to evaluate the ownership of health insurance, because there are still respondents who do not have health insurance where this is not in accordance with the objectives of the National Health Insurance program.

scholarly journals Performing General Surgery Emergencies Safely during COVID-19 Outbreak

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
General Surgery ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Suspected Case ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Case

Background: After the first case was diagnosed in Turkey on 11 March 2020 the decision was made by the science committee formed by the Ministry of Health to establish pandemic hospitals across the country. Herein, we aimed to evaluate management of the patients who required urgent intervention and/or surgery at the general surgery ward during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in a pandemic hospital. The medical records of patients requiring urgent surgical intervention and of trauma patients admitted to the general surgery outpatient clinic between 11 March 2020 and 11 May 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Descriptive statistics were calculated, including means, standard deviations, medians, minimums, maximums, frequencies and ratios. Results: A total of 48 patients were included in the study. Thirty (62.5%) patients were male and 18 (37.5%) were female. Their mean age was 50.3 ± 19 (range 13 - 93) years, with 13 (27%) patients being 65 years old or older. In the preoperative period, only one patient (2%) was suspected of COVID-19. On the other hand, four (8%) patients had a suspicion in the postoperative period. All of them discharged uneventfully. Mortality occurred in 5 patients (10%) who had undergone due to trauma (2), perforation (2) and ischemia (1). None of the deceased patients had suspected COVID-19. No suspected case of COVID-19 was observed during the 14-day follow-up period after discharge. Conclusion: Patients who needs emergency surgery should be intervened without delay during the pandemic. Possible COVID-19 should be considered for each patient and preoperative preparations should be carried out with a multidisciplinary approach that involves infectious diseases and anesthesia teams.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Colorectal Surgical Patients and Treatment Modalities in a COVID-19 Pandemic Hospital: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Surgery ◽  
General Surgery ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elective Colorectal Surgery ◽  
First Case

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a significant threat to healthcare systems, and has resulted in treatment algorithms being changed in general surgery clinics, as is the case in all other medical disciplines. In the present study we analyze the outcomes of patients who have undergone elective colorectal surgery in our hospital since the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as the precautionary procedural changes that have been made. Methods: The present study evaluates the approaches applied for the treatment of elective colorectal cancer patients in a pandemic hospital. In this cross-sectional study, conducted in a tertiary-level public hospital in Istanbul, Turkey, a retrospective review is made of the files of patients who underwent elective colorectal surgeries between 11.03.2020, as the date on which first case of COVID-19 was officially identified in Turkey, and 01.05.2020, in the general surgery clinic of a tertiary healthcare facility that has been designated a pandemic hospital. Results: A total of 18 patients underwent a surgical resection in accordance with oncological principles between the defined dates, having been diagnosis with a colorectal malignancy. None of the operated patients were considered suspicious for COVID-19 preoperatively, nor did they have any contact history. Furthermore, there were no suspicions or signs of COVID-19 during the 14-day follow-up of the discharged patients. Conclusion: It was established in the present study that patients undergoing colorectal surgery and patients with COVID-19 infections in the same hospital can be treated successfully without cross-infection through the application of appropriate isolation principles. These successful findings were supported by a 14-day follow-up after discharge.

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE GAPS, ATTITUDE AND FEAR OF THE GENERAL PUBLIC TO COVID 19 IN KERALA: A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Nayna Joseph ◽  
Arathy J Nair ◽  
Ramakrishnan UK ◽  
Deepak KS ◽  
Sonu KS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The People ◽  
First Case ◽  
Married Individuals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fear And Anxiety

BACKGROUND th First case of COVID 19 was reported in India on 30 January 2020, in Kerala. Due to lack of denitive treatment and vaccine, the government-imposed lockdown and educated the people about various preventive measures to curb the spread of the virus. People's adherence to these measures is indicative of their knowledge, attitude and fear towards the pandemic. METHODS This is a cross sectional study and data was collected from a self-reporting online questionnaire from 450 participants. Univariate and multivariate analysis of the data was done to assess differences in mean scores and factors associated with Knowledge, attitude and fear. RESULTS Most were knowledgeable about COVID 19. 80.41% was calculated as the overall correct response while 64.2% of the sample reported better knowledge. Females, older age group and married individuals reported the highest mean score of knowledge questionnaire Most Keralites, showed positive attitude towards preventive measures and healthcare workers. However, 53.1% reported high fear. Women were found to have greater fear and anxiety regarding the pandemic as compared to men.

Hearing Outcome of Stapes Surgery in NIENT, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Md Zakaria Sarkar ◽  
AHM Ferdows Nur ◽  
Utpal Kumar Dutta ◽  
Muhammad Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Debabrota Roy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Group 14 ◽  
Progressive Hearing Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hearing Gain ◽  
Hearing Outcome

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate hearing outcome after stapedotomy in patients with Otosclerosis. Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out from July 2017 to January 2019 in National Institute of ENT, Unit V. About 22 patients with Otosclerosis were included in this study. Diagnosis of Otosclerosis was based on the history, medical status with Otoscopy, Tuning fork tests and Audiometric tests. We compiled data on the pre and post operative air-bone gap (ABG) at 0.5, 1, 2 KHZ. The ABG was Calculated using AC and BC thresholds on the same audiogram. Post operative hearing gain was then Calculated from the ABG before the operation minus the ABG of the last follow up examination Results: In this study most of the cases were age group 14-30 years (72.7%), female (54.5%). Most common symptoms was progressive hearing loss, tinnitus (77.8%).The average preoperative hearing loss in this study was (AC) was 48.31±7.68. The average post opt. hearing (AC) at follow up was 28.95±10.30 with an average hearing gain of 15.40±8.53 dB which was significant. The average pre-operative ABG was 28.99 dB ± 8.10. The average post opt. ABG was analyzed at 1 follow up showed ABG 13.18±8.09 dB which was found to be significant. Conclusion: Stapedotomy is an effective surgical procedure for the treatment of otosclerosis which leads to improvement in patient’s quality of life. A favorable hearing outcome can be obtained by the combination of experienced hands with minimal surgical trauma and appropriate surgical technique. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2020; 26(1): 31-36

EFFICACY OF TREATMENT OF H.PYLORI EARDICATION WITH STANDARD TRIPLE THERAPY IN PEPTIC ULCER PATIENTS

2011 ◽  
pp. 122-129
Author(s):  
Quang Di Bui ◽  
Phuoc Lam Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Triple Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duodenal Ulcers ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Standard Triple Therapy

Objectives: The aim of study is to evaluate the efficacy, tolerability and adverse effects of a standard triple therapy including Rabeprazole, Clarithromycin and Amoxicilline at Sai gon Hoan My hospital in order to consider treatment H.pylori for patients who have not yet eradicated before or need to be undertaked by alternative regimens. Methods: By descriptive cross-sectional study, the authors have examined 116 patients sufferring from peptic ulcer received 10-day therapy including Rabe (20mg b.d) plus Clari(500mg b.d) plus Amoxi(1g b.d). Eradication is confirmed with endoscopy after 4 weeks from completing of treatment. Results and Discussion: 100% of patients were initially included and noboby was dropped out of the follow-up satges. The mean age was 49 in which 62% was male, 73(62,9%) presented duodenal ulcer, 28(24,1%) gastric ulcer and 15(13%) simultaneous gastric and duodenal ulcers. All patients took medications correctly. Per-protocol and intention to treat eradication rates were both 75%(95% CI=73,4-78,3). Additionally, 62(53,4%) patients had at least one risky factor for peptic ulcer disease, smoking being the most common one 44(37,9%).The adverse effects were reported overall in 67% of the patients, mainly including changed taste, very bitter, tired 49%, trouble sleeping 12% and diarrhea 5%. Conclusion: this ten-day standard triple therapy used in this study is ineffective with high adverse effects.The first line eradication with new regimens should be alternative.

Assessment of COVID-19 Related Misinformation among the Community in Basrah, Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (CSI) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Ali Al-Rubaye ◽  
Dhurgham Abdulwahid ◽  
Aymen Albadran ◽  
Abbas Ejbary ◽  
Laith Alrubaiy
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Public Knowledge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Central District

Background: There has been a rapid rise in cases of COVID-19 infection and its mortality rate since the first case reported in February 2020. This led to the rampant dissemination of misinformation and rumors about the disease among the public. Objectives: To investigate the scale of public misinformation about COVID-19 in Basrah, Iraq. Methods: A cross-sectional study based on a 22-item questionnaire to assess public knowledge and understanding of information related to the COVID-19 infection. Results: A total of 483 individuals completed the questionnaire. The most frequent age group was 26–35 years (28.2%); there were 280 (58%) males and 203 (42%) females. Of the participants, 282 (58.4%) were with an education level below the Bachelor’s degree, 342 (70.8%) were married, and 311 (64%) were living in districts in Basra other than the central district. Overall, 50.8% (11.8/ 22 * 100%) of individuals had the correct information regarding COVID-19. There was a significant association between the level of COVID-19 related misinformation and participants’ educational levels and occupation (p <0.05). However, there was no significant difference found across sex, age group, marital state, and area of residence. Conclusions: Misinformation related to COVID-19 is widely spread and has to be addressed in order to control the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, misinformation, knowledge, Iraq

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