scholarly journals Pengukuran Kecerahan Langit Arah Zenit di Medan dan Serdang Bedagai Menggunakan Sky Quality Meter

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Abu Yazid Raisal ◽  
Hariyadi Putraga ◽  
Muhammad Hidayat ◽  
Arwin Juli Rakhmadi
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Moon Phase ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Brightness Level ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Effect Of Light

Light pollution is a worldwide problem that affects fewer stars that can be seen at night. This study aims to measure the brightness of the sky in the zenith direction to minimize the effect of light pollution in observing celestial bodies. The research used the observation method of sky brightness level with SQM. Measurement of sky brightness was carried out in two places, namely in Medan and Serdang Bedagai. The SQM is mounted in a zenith direction and set to retrieve data every two seconds. Observations were made on November 10-13, 2018, during the new moon phase. The average value of sky brightness obtained in Medan is 18.05 mpsas and the NELM value is 4.00. Based on the Bortle scale, Medan is included in the ninth class area, namely the inner-city sky. Meanwhile, the average value of sky brightness obtained in Serdang Bedagai is 19.69 mpsas and the NELM value is 5.26. Based on the Bortle scale, Serdang Bedagai belongs to the sixth class area, namely bright suburban sky.

scholarly journals The moon phases influence on the beginning of astronomical dawn determination in Yogyakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Abu Yazid Raisal ◽  
Yudhiakto Pramudya ◽  
Okimustava Okimustava ◽  
Muchlas Muchlas
Keyword(s):  
Full Moon ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Moon Phases ◽  
Brightness Level ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
New Moon ◽  
The Difference

<p class="Abstract">In astronomy, there are three types of dawn. They are astronomical, nautical, and civil dawn. The sunlight is starting to appear on the east horizon when the Sun altitude is 18<sup>o</sup> below the horizon. Hence, there is a change on the sky brightness. The sky brightness can be affected by the moon phases. The sky brightness level is monitored by Sky Quality Meter (SQM). The SQM was installed upward to the zenith. There are 4 locations of measurement in Yogyakarta. The data has been collected for nine months to obtain the complete moon phases. The beginning of astronomical dawn is time when the sky brightness level is starting to decrease. The moving average algorithm was employed to determine the beginning of astronomical dawn. The time when the astronomical dawn begins is compared with the sun altitude calculation. The sun altitude calculation has been done using accurate times software. The difference of the beginning of astronomical dawn by measurement and calculation are 18.61±6.81 minutes, 19.12±3.28 minutes, 31.12±7.76 minutes, and 27.24±8.04 minutes, on the new moon (0), on the first quarter (0.25), on the full moon (0.5) and on the last quarter (0.75), respectively. The weather condition is also contributing to the results.</p>

PEMBELAJARAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPOSISI BERBASIS E-LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67
Author(s):  
I Kadek Darmadi Adiyasa ◽  
I Made Sutama ◽  
Ida Bagus Putrayasa
Keyword(s):  
Student Achievement ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Basic Competency ◽  
Improve Student Achievement ◽  
Student Achievements ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Observation Method ◽  
Questionnaire Method

The classroom action research conducted at class X IPB1 in SMA Negeri 1 Susut aimed to (1) To describe the steps in implementing e-Learning based learning in writing the exposition text of class X IPB1 at SMA Negeri 1 Susut. (2) Describe student achievements after implementing e-Learning in exposition text of class X IPB1 in SMA Negeri 1 Susut, and (3) Describe student responses after applying e-learning in writing text exposition of class X IPB1 in SMA Negeri 1 Susut. This research was conducted in two cycles in which consisted of five stages, namely: planning, implementing, observing, evaluating, and reflecting. Data were collected by observation method, interview method, test method, questionnaire method and analyzed descriptively quantitative and qualitative. The results showed the average value of the first cycle was 72.6 or an increase of 17.05% from the previous value (pre-cycle) 37. The value of the second cycle was 81.1 or an increase of 43.4%. The acquisition of the average response of students in the first cycle of 33.7% in the very positive category and increased in the second cycle of student responses to 33.96 in the very positive category. The conclusions in this study were (1) learning steps based on e-Learning based on basic competency standards and according to procedures that have been designed. (2) e-Learning can improve student achievement in writing exposition texts. (3) students' responses to e-Learning are very positive. The suggestion of this research is that teachers should use e-learning to improve student achievement.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Urban Light Emissions: Ground and Satellite Comparison

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Máximo Bustamante-Calabria ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez de Miguel ◽  
Susana Martín-Ruiz ◽  
Jose-Luis Ortiz ◽  
José M. Vílchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Nocturnal Activity ◽  
Empirical Expression ◽  
Anthropogenic Aerosol ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
The City

‘Lockdown’ periods in response to COVID-19 have provided a unique opportunity to study the impacts of economic activity on environmental pollution (e.g., NO2, aerosols, noise, light). The effects on NO2 and aerosols have been very noticeable and readily demonstrated, but that on light pollution has proven challenging to determine. The main reason for this difficulty is that the primary source of nighttime satellite imagery of the earth is the SNPP-VIIRS/DNB instrument, which acquires data late at night after most human nocturnal activity has already occurred and much associated lighting has been turned off. Here, to analyze the effect of lockdown on urban light emissions, we use ground and satellite data for Granada, Spain, during the COVID-19 induced confinement of the city’s population from 14 March until 31 May 2020. We find a clear decrease in light pollution due both to a decrease in light emissions from the city and to a decrease in anthropogenic aerosol content in the atmosphere which resulted in less light being scattered. A clear correlation between the abundance of PM10 particles and sky brightness is observed, such that the more polluted the atmosphere the brighter the urban night sky. An empirical expression is determined that relates PM10 particle abundance and sky brightness at three different wavelength bands.

scholarly journals Light pollution in the night sky of Toruń in the summer season

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Karpińska ◽  
Mieczysław Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Family Housing ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
Night Sky ◽  
The City

Abstract The paper presents results of research on light pollution in the night sky of Toruń. A permanent network of measuring stations has been established in the city, consisting of 24 sites representing various types of land development and land cover: single-family housing, city centre, multi-family housing, areas overgrown with vegetation and open areas. Within this network, a repeatable direct measurement of the sky brightness using an SQM photometer was carried out over a period of three consecutive months in the summer season, i.e. from June to September 2017. The measurement sessions were conducted in similar weather and astronomical conditions. Based on the obtained data, a spatial distribution of light pollution was determined, ranges of values obtained during the measurements were provided, and the results were additionally referred to the distinguished land cover categories and land development types.

scholarly journals Light pollution around Tonantzintla Observatory

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (S260) ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Vázquez-Mata ◽  
Héctor M. Hernández-Toledo ◽  
Luis A. Martínez-Vázquez ◽  
Atanacio Pani-Cielo
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Astronomical Observatory ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Growth ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
Night Sky ◽  
Sky Conditions

AbstractBeing close to the cities of Puebla to east and Cholula to the north, both having potential for large growth, the National Astronomical Observatory in Tonantzintla (OAN-Tonantzintla) faces the danger of deteriorating its sky conditions even more. In order to maintain competitiveness for education and scientific programs, it is important to preserve the sky brightness conditions. through: 1) our awareness of the night sky characteristics in continuous monitoring campaigns, doing more measurements over the next years to monitor changes and 2) encouraging local authorities about the need to regulate public lighting at the same time, showing them the benefits of such initiatives when well planed and correctly implemented.

scholarly journals Diversity of scorpions (Chelicerata: Arachnida) in the Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil

Check List ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Felipe de Araujo Lira ◽  
Cleide Maria Ribeiro de Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Moon Phase ◽  
The Family ◽  
New Moon ◽  
Important Center ◽  
Uv Lamps ◽  
Northeastern Atlantic

This study was conducted to measure the biodiversity of scorpion species in the remnants of the Brazilian northeastern Atlantic Forest, an important center of biodiversity and endemism. Collections were performed in twelve forest fragments in Sirinhaém municipality, Pernambuco State, through active searches at night by using UV lamps between 19:00h and 21:00h during the new moon phase in December 2012 and January 2013. A total of 1,125 specimens from two genera and five species were collected: Tityus pusillus Pocock, 1893; Ananteris mauryi Lourenço, 1982; Tityus brazilae Eickstedt & Lourenço, 1984; Tityus neglectus Mello-Leitão, 1932; and Tityus stigmurus (Thorell, 1876), all belonging to the family Buthidae C.L. Koch, 1837. The most abundant species was T. pusillus (90.7%), followed by A. mauryi (7.1%). Tityus brazilae, T. neglectus, and T. stigmurus together represented less than 3% of the individuals sampled.

scholarly journals Evidence That Reduced Air and Road Traffic Decreased Artificial Night-Time Skyglow during COVID-19 Lockdown in Berlin, Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 3412
Author(s):  
Andreas Jechow ◽  
Franz Hölker
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Color Temperature ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
Night Sky ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Night Sky Brightness

Artificial skyglow, the brightening of the night sky by artificial light at night that is scattered back to Earth within the atmosphere, is detrimental to astronomical observations and has an impact on ecosystems as a form of light pollution. In this work, we investigated the impact of the lockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the urban skyglow of Berlin, Germany. We compared night sky brightness and correlated color temperature (CCT) measurements obtained with all-sky cameras during the COVID-19 lockdown in March 2020 with data from March 2017. Under normal conditions, we expected an increase in night sky brightness (or skyglow, respectively) and CCT because of the transition to LED. This is supported by a measured CCT shift to slightly higher values and a time series analysis of night-time light satellite data showing an increase in artificial light emission in Berlin. However, contrary to this observation, we measured a decrease in artificial skyglow at zenith by 20% at the city center and by more than 50% at 58 km distance from the center during the lockdown. We assume that the main cause for the reduction of artificial skyglow originates from improved air quality due to less air and road traffic, which is supported by statistical data and satellite image analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first reported impact of COVID-19 on artificial skyglow and we conclude that air pollution should shift more into the focus of light pollution research.

scholarly journals Classification of Continuous Sky Brightness Data Using Random Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rhorom Priyatikanto ◽  
Lidia Mayangsari ◽  
Rudi A. Prihandoko ◽  
Agustinus G. Admiranto
Keyword(s):  
Random Forest ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Posterior Distributions ◽  
Random Forest Algorithm ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
Global Statistics ◽  
Effect Of Light

Sky brightness measuring and monitoring are required to mitigate the negative effect of light pollution as a byproduct of modern civilization. Good handling of a pile of sky brightness data includes evaluation and classification of the data according to its quality and characteristics such that further analysis and inference can be conducted properly. This study aims to develop a classification model based on Random Forest algorithm and to evaluate its performance. Using sky brightness data from 1250 nights with minute temporal resolution acquired at eight different stations in Indonesia, datasets consisting of 15 features were created to train and test the model. Those features were extracted from the observation time, the global statistics of nightly sky brightness, or the light curve characteristics. Among those features, 10 are considered to be the most important for the classification task. The model was trained to classify the data into six classes (1: peculiar data, 2: overcast, 3: cloudy, 4: clear, 5: moonlit-cloudy, and 6: moonlit-clear) and then tested to achieve high accuracy (92%) and scores (F-score = 84% and G-mean = 84%). Some misclassifications exist, but the classification results are considerably good as indicated by posterior distributions of the sky brightness as a function of classes. Data classified as class-4 have sharp distribution with typical full width at half maximum of 1.5 mag/arcsec2, while distributions of class-2 and -3 are left skewed with the latter having lighter tail. Due to the moonlight, distributions of class-5 and -6 data are more smeared or have larger spread. These results demonstrate that the established classification model is reasonably good and consistent.

scholarly journals The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. e1600377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Falchi ◽  
Pierantonio Cinzano ◽  
Dan Duriscoe ◽  
Christopher C. M. Kyba ◽  
Christopher D. Elvidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Light Pollution ◽  
The World ◽  
Visible Effect ◽  
Sky Brightness ◽  
Night Sky ◽  
States Experience ◽  
Land Surfaces

Artificial lights raise night sky luminance, creating the most visible effect of light pollution—artificial skyglow. Despite the increasing interest among scientists in fields such as ecology, astronomy, health care, and land-use planning, light pollution lacks a current quantification of its magnitude on a global scale. To overcome this, we present the world atlas of artificial sky luminance, computed with our light pollution propagation software using new high-resolution satellite data and new precision sky brightness measurements. This atlas shows that more than 80% of the world and more than 99% of the U.S. and European populations live under light-polluted skies. The Milky Way is hidden from more than one-third of humanity, including 60% of Europeans and nearly 80% of North Americans. Moreover, 23% of the world’s land surfaces between 75°N and 60°S, 88% of Europe, and almost half of the United States experience light-polluted nights.

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