scholarly journals Turn-taking in the Classroom Session in the Movie Freedom Writers by Richard La Gravanese (2007)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Wahyu Aji Pradana ◽  
Malikatul Laila
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Class Session ◽  
Turn Taking

Speaker (S) and next speaker or hearer (H) requires a turn-taking process in order to obtain the desired information. This study aims (1) to determine the rules of turn-taking used by S and H in Classroom sessions in the film "Freedom Writers" and (2) to explain the intention of turn-taking in the Classroom session done in the film "Freedom Writers".  The data of this study were the utterances and action which were taken from activities during the class session in the film "Freedom Writers" by Richard La Gravanese (2007). To analyze the data, the researcher refers to Sacks, Schegloff, & Jefferson’s (1974) theory about turn-taking rules. The researcher determines the intention by referring Cutting’s theory about pragmatics such as context and conversation analysis.  The result of study shows that (1) turn-taking 1A (S chooses H in the speech) is the highest, (2) turn-taking 1B (H is not chosen by S) is the second higher; and turn-taking 1C (S can stop or continue speaking) is the least in frequencies. It can be concluded that the rule 1A is dominant and is often used in turn-taking in classroom session. (2) The researcher found that the intention within the turn taking are ranged from the highest to the lowest respectively : to ask , to clarify, to demand, to inform, to assert, to support, to request, to invite, to threat, to challenge, and to tease. Therefore, it can be concluded that the intention to ask is the most intention used in classroom session.

Restrictiveness, exclusivity, adversativity, and mirativity

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Fang Wang ◽  
Mei-Chi Tsai ◽  
Wayne Schams ◽  
Chi-Ming Yang
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Mandarin Chinese ◽  
Discourse Marker ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Interactional Linguistics ◽  
English Only ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Turn Taking

Mandarin Chinese zhishi (similar to English ‘only’), comprised of the adverb zhi and the copula shi, can act as an adverb (ADV) or a discourse marker (DM). This study analyzes the role of zhishi in spoken discourse, based on the methodological and theoretical principles of interactional linguistics and conversation analysis. The corpus used in this study consists of three sets of data: 1) naturally-occurring daily conversations; 2) radio/TV interviews; and 3) TV panel discussions on current political affairs. As a whole, this study reveals that the notions of restrictiveness, exclusivity, and adversativity are closely associated with ADV zhishi and DM zhishi. In addition, the present data show that since zhishi is often used to express a ‘less than expected’ feeling, it can be used to indicate mirativity (i.e. language indicating that an utterance conveys the speaker’s surprise). The data also show that the distribution of zhishi as an adverb or discourse marker depends on turn taking systems and speech situations in spoken discourse. Specifically, the ADV zhishi tends to occur in radio/TV interviews and TV panel news discussions, while the DM zhishi occurs more often in casual conversations.

scholarly journals Rules at Play: Correcting Projectable Violations of Who Plays Next

Human Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Svensson ◽  
Burak S. Tekin
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Social ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Interactional Perspective ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

AbstractThis study examines the situated use of rules and the social practices people deploy to correct projectable rule violations in pétanque playing activities. Drawing on Ethnomethodology and Conversation Analysis, and using naturally occurring video recordings, this article investigates socially organized occasions of rule use, and more particularly how rules for turn-taking at play are reflexively established in and through interaction. The alternation of players in pétanque is dependent on and consequential for the progressivity of the game and it is a practical problem for the players when a participant projects to break a rule of “who plays next”. The empirical analysis shows that formulating rules is a practice for indicating and correcting incipient violations of who plays next, which retrospectively invoke and establish the situated expectations that constitute the game as that particular game. Focusing on the anticipative corrections of projectable violations of turn-taking rules, this study revisits the concept of rules, as they are played into being, from a social and interactional perspective. We argue and demonstrate that rules are not prescriptions of game conduct, but resources that reflexively render the players’ conducts intelligible as playing the game they are engaging in.

Open Hand Prone as a resource in multimodal claims to interruption

Gesture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kamunen
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Local Organization ◽  
Institutional Settings ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Gesture Studies

Abstract This paper examines the Open Hand Prone ‘vertical palm’ as a resource for participants in conversation for displaying their treatment of a co-participant’s – or their own – turn/action as interruptive. Through this practice participants can manage turn-taking by making it relevant for the co-participant to stop talking. The data for this study consist of video-recorded conversations in English and Finnish from domestic and institutional settings, as well as broadcast talk. Using multimodal conversation analysis, this study shows that the gesture occurs in situations involving overlapping/competitive talk or incompatible embodied activities that somehow affect the progressivity of the ongoing talk. This paper complements previous research on gesture studies and interaction by investigating the function these gestures take in stopping/interrupting a co-participant’s turn-at-talk across multiple settings, and by studying how the gesture functions as a part of a practice which has direct social consequences on the local organization of turn-taking.

Conversation Analysis

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Sidnell
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Close Study ◽  
Humanities And Social Sciences ◽  
Action Sequencing

Conversation analysis is an approach to the study of social interaction and talk-in-interaction that, although rooted in the sociological study of everyday life, has exerted significant influence across the humanities and social sciences including linguistics. Drawing on recordings (both audio and video) naturalistic interaction (unscripted, non-elicited, etc.) conversation analysts attempt to describe the stable practices and underlying normative organizations of interaction by moving back and forth between the close study of singular instances and the analysis of patterns exhibited across collections of cases. Four important domains of research within conversation analysis are turn-taking, repair, action formation and ascription, and action sequencing.

Embodied orientations towards co-participants in multinational meetings

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vassiliki Markaki ◽  
Lorenza Mondada
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Multinational Company ◽  
Business Meetings ◽  
Or Groups ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
The Way

The interactional organization of meetings is an important locus of observation for understanding the way in which institutions are talked into being. This article contributes to this growing body of research by focusing on turn-taking and participation in business meetings, approached within conversation analysis in a sequential and multimodal way. On the basis of a corpus of video-recorded corporate meetings of a multinational company, in which managers coming from several European branches convene, the article takes into consideration the embodied orientations of the participants as they address each other, as they turn to particular addressees or groups in a recipient designed way while describing, informing, announcing events and results, and as they make relevant specific participants’ identities – especially national categories – and, in this way, display specific local expectations regarding rights and obligations to talk and to know.

scholarly journals On the role of gaze in the organization of turn-taking and sequence organization in interpreter-mediated dialogue

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Vranjes ◽  
Geert Brône ◽  
Kurt Feyaerts
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Multimodal Approach ◽  
Sequence Organization ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Speaker Selection ◽  
Mobile Eye Tracking

Abstract This paper contributes to the growing line of research that takes a multimodal approach in the study of interpreter-mediated dialogues. Drawing on insights from Conversation Analysis and multimodal analysis, we investigate how extended multi-unit turns unfold with interventions of an interpreter and, more specifically, what is the role of gaze in this process. The analysis is based on videos of interpreter-mediated dialogues (Dutch-Russian) recorded with mobile eye-tracking glasses. We argue that the interpreter’s gaze direction contributes both to the local management of turn-taking (next-speaker selection) and to sequence organization. More specifically, we show how interpreter’s gaze orientation bears on the negotiation of possible transition relevance places and how it contributes to the smooth continuation of the projected extended multi-unit turn.

scholarly journals INTERACTIONAL SOCIOLINGUISTICS IN CASUAL CONVERSATION OF GRADUATE STUDENT IN EFL CONTEXT: A PRAGMATICS STUDY

Epigram ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Betari Irma Ghasani
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Graduate Student ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
The Other ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Interactional Sociolinguistics ◽  
Efl Context ◽  
Turn Taking

Communicating to others towards text which is as the result of discourse is everyone need. In producing text, there are some factors affected. Context which is one important influential factor needs to be analyzed. On the other hand, conversation as a media of exchanging meaning among the speakers are done in order to fulfill speaker aim. Pragmatics that learns meaning is seen as the best media to learn meaning produced by both speakers related to the context. By using interactional sociolinguistics, as a part of conversation analysis in pragmatics, this approach takes pragmatic and sociolinguistics aspects of interaction, as well as adjacency pairs, turn-taking and sequences, giving importance to the way that language is situated in particular circumstances in social life. Based on the analysis done, it maps out that interactional talk claiming common ground with vague reference as a marker of both speaker friendship. Key words: Interactional Sociolinguitics, Casual Conversation, EFL

scholarly journals Clear and Engaging: A Review of Sidnell's Conversation Analysis: An Introduction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Parylo
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Graduate Level ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Good Guide ◽  
Taking Action

Conversation Analysis: An Introduction by Jack Sidnell is a concise and clear primer to describing, analyzing, and understanding human talk. Combining theoretical descriptions and analysis of transcribed conversations, Sidnell (2010) explains the elements of conversational organization: turn-taking, action and understanding, preference, sequence, repair, turn construction, stories, and openings and closings. In addition, Sidnell opens the discussion about the role of topic and context in conversation analysis. Conversation Analysis: An Introduction is a good guide to conducting conversation analysis. This book is appropriate for those who are not familiar with conversation analysis and want to get a better understanding of this method and its major components. It can also be used to teach conversation analysis to undergraduate and graduate level students.

scholarly journals Doctor-patient Conversation Analysis: A Sociolinguistic Perspective on the Case of COVID-19 in Esfahan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 668-675
Author(s):  
Jamal Poursamimi ◽  
Malihe Khubroo ◽  
Seyyed Hossein Sanaeifar
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Medical Intensive Care ◽  
Inherent Nature ◽  
The One

Comprehending the striking role of Conversation Analysis (CA) research in a real context on the one hand, and a substantial part doctors play in doctor-patient conversation in the proceeding stages of receiving medical intensive care as an inherent nature of society on the other hand, provoked the researchers to conduct this research. To achieve this intention, the present study focuses on conversation aspects of doctor-patient talks in unconfirmed cases of COVID-19 in Golpayegan, Esfahan, Iran. This study tries to find out what conversation aspects are more frequently used by Iranian interlocutors in the context of the doctors’ office. Three doctor-patient meetings, for this purpose, were audio-recorded, then transcribed. The focus is on both the talk and nonverbal aspects of conversation to be analyzed. After doing the conversation analysis, it was found that turn-taking was the most frequently used conversation aspect. Because this investigation is among the first conversation analysis research which is conducted in the Iranian doctor-patient context in COVID-19 setting, it seems outstanding. In addition, as teaching conversation analysis to students in parallel with other outstanding skills, sub-skills, and language components has great importance, and the analysis method utilized in the current research is conversation analysis, this study sounds prominent.

scholarly journals Optimizing turn-taking in interpreter-mediated therapy: on the importance of the interpreter’s speaking space

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Vranjes ◽  
Hanneke Bot
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
The Past ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Therapeutic Counseling ◽  
Scholarly Attention

This paper highlights two types of turn-taking problems that can occur in dialogue interpreting within the context of mental healthcare. Although interpreting in mental health care has received some scholarly attention over the past two decades, the multimodal dimension of such encounters has not been investigated in detail so far.Based on a dataset of video recorded psychotherapeutic sessions with refugees, the study aims to show how interpreters deal with turn-taking issues during the conversation and how this affectsboth their ownrolein the encounter and the interaction itself. Both verbal and nonverbal behavior (gaze orientation and gestures) were taken into account. The data were analyzed qualitatively by drawing on the insights from Conversation Analysis (CA). The analysis suggests that problems may arise when the interpreter is not able to negotiate the moment of turn transfer or his/her turn space during the talk.Such problems in the coordination of turn-taking with the interpreter can even result in loss of information. We argue that turn-taking in therapeutic counseling with an onsite interpreter is a collaborative achievement between both speakers and the interpreter, and that acknowledging the interpreter as a co-participant with rights for speaking space supports the interpreting process.

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