PER CAPITA CO2 EMISSION TRENDS AMONG EUROPEAN OECD COUNTRIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1865-1871
Author(s):  
Manuel Vargas-Vargas ◽  
Jose Mondejar-Jimenez ◽  
Jose-Maria Montero-Lorenzo ◽  
Gema Fernandez-Aviles
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Per Capita

scholarly journals Economic Growth and CO2 Emissions for OECD Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Hasan Hüseyin Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Cointegration Tests ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
National Economies ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship

Following the 19th century Energy became an important and indispensable input for production and consumption activities all over the world. In the mean time, Energy has become a very determinant factor for growth for national economies. In this study, we aim to investigate the relationship between economic growth and CO2 emission for OECD countries. Panel data method and cointegration tests will be employed to analyze OECD member countries over the period 1960-2014. GDP per capita will be the Proxy for the economic growth and CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita) will be taken for CO2 emission on yearly basis.

The Quantification of Structural Reforms in OECD Countries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Égert ◽  
Peter Gal
Keyword(s):  
Product Market ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Product Market Regulation ◽  
The Impact

This chapter describes and discusses a new supply-side framework that quantifies the impact of structural reforms on per capita income in OECD countries. It presents the overall macroeconomic impacts of reforms by aggregating over the effects on physical capital, employment, and productivity through a production function. On the basis of reforms defined as observed changes in policies, the chapter finds that product market regulation has the largest overall single policy impact five years after the reforms. But the combined impact of all labour market policies is considerably larger than that of product market regulation. The paper also shows that policy impacts can differ at different horizons. The overall long-term effects on GDP per capita of policies transiting through capital deepening can be considerably larger than the five- to ten-year impacts. By contrast, the long-term impact of policies coming only via the employment rate channel materializes at a shorter horizon.

The nexus of industrialization, GDP per capita and CO2 emission in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 101674
Author(s):  
Bilal Aslam ◽  
Jinsong Hu ◽  
Sadaf Shahab ◽  
Awais Ahmad ◽  
Mudassar Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Per Capita

scholarly journals The Regional Inequity of CO2 Emissions per Capita in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Liu ◽  
Wenqing Pan
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Co2 Emission Reduction ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Per Capita

This paper combines Theil index method with factor decomposition technique to analyze China eight regions’ inequality of CO2 emissions per capita, and discuss energy structure, energy intensity, industrial structure, and per capita output’s impacts on inequality. This research shows that: (1) The trend of China regional carbon inequality is in the opposite direction to the per capita CO2 emission level. Namely, as the per capita CO2 emission levels rise, regional carbon inequality decreases, and vice versa. (2) Per capita output factor reduces regional carbon inequality, whereas energy structure factor and energy intensity factor increase the inequality. (3) More developed areas can reduce the carbon inequality by improving the energy structure, whereas the divergence of energy intensity in less developed areas has increased to expand the carbon inequity. Thus, when designing CO2 emission reduction targets, policy makers should consider regional differences in economic development level and energy efficiency, and refer to the main influencing factors. At the same time, upgrading industrial structure and upgrading energy technologies should be combined to meet the targets of economic growth and CO2 emission reduction.

scholarly journals High resolution mapping of combustion processes and implications for CO<sub>2</sub> emissions

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 21211-21239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wang ◽  
S. Tao ◽  
P. Ciais ◽  
H. Z. Shen ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Fuel Combustion ◽  
Terrestrial Carbon ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
High Resolution Mapping ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Resolution Mapping ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. High-resolution mapping of fuel combustion and CO2 emission provides valuable information for inferring terrestrial carbon balance, modeling pollutant transport, and developing mitigation strategies. Previous inventories included only a limited number of fuel types and anthropogenic emissions were mapped using national population proxies which may distort the geographical distribution within countries. In this study, a sub-national disaggregation method (SDM) was applied to establish a global 0.1°×0.1° geo-referenced inventory of fuel combustion (PKU-FUEL) and a corresponding CO2 emission inventory (PKU-CO2) based upon 64 fuel sub-types for the year 2007. Uncertainties of the new inventories were evaluated using a Monte Carlo method. The total combustion CO2 emission in 2007 was 11.2 (9.11 and 13.3 as 5th and 95th percentiles) Pg C yr−1. By replacing national disaggregation with sub-national disaggregation in this study, the average 95th minus 5th percentile ranges of CO2 emission for all grids can be reduced from 417 to 68.2 Mg km−2 yr−1, indicating a significant reduction in uncertainty, because the uneven distribution of per-capita fuel consumptions within countries has been taken into account by using the sub-national fuel consumption data directly. Significant difference in per-capita CO2 emissions between urban and rural areas was found in developing nations (2.09 vs. 0.600 Mg C cap−1 yr−1), but not in developed ones (3.57 vs. 3.42 Mg C cap−1 yr−1), suggesting strong influence of the rapid urbanization of these countries on the carbon emission. By using the CO2 emission product, a new spatial pattern of terrestrial carbon sink was derived and the impact of sub-national disaggregation is discussed.

Can labor productivity growth reduce carbon emission? Evidence from OECD countries and China

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueli Chen ◽  
Wanshu Ma ◽  
Vivian Valdmanis
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the challenges involved in the trade-offs of labor productivity and per capita carbon dioxide (CO2) emission.Design/methodology/approachIn this research, we used a balanced dataset of 36 OECD countries and China between 1990 and 2018. We examined the relationship between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emission for OECD countries and China based on an Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Further, the fixed effects model of estimation was employed to examine the impact of variables during the sample period and explore the relationship between predictor and outcome variables within an entity while controlling for all time-invariant differences.FindingsThis study confirmed the existence of the N-shape EKC hypothesis in 36 OECD countries and China. This implies that at the initial development stage, per capita CO2 emission increased with labor productivity; however, after reaching certain threshold, per capita CO2 emission began to fall with rising labor productivity. Then the per capita CO2 emission rises again when labor productivity continually increases.Originality/valueIn this study, we explored the dynamic association between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emissions for 36 OECD countries and China under the EKC framework from 1990 to 2018 by using the labor productivity and per capita CO2 emission as economic and environmental indicators of one country respectively. This study’s contribution showed the following: first, the empirical findings confirmed the N-shape relationship between labor productivity and per capita CO2 emissions for 36 OECD countries and China; second, the findings demonstrated that the association among the underlying variables by testing through the fixed effect model.

REDUCING INCOME INEQUALITY WHILE BOOSTING ECONOMIC GROWTH: CAN IT BE DONE? EVIDENCE FROM OECD COUNTRIES

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (01) ◽  
pp. 1450001 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER HOELLER ◽  
ISABELLE JOUMARD ◽  
ISABELL KOSKE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Per Capita

This paper identifies inequality patterns across Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries and provides new analysis of their policy and non-policy drivers. One key finding is that education and anti-discrimination policies, well-designed labor market institutions and large and/or progressive tax and transfer systems can all reduce income inequality. On this basis, the paper identifies several policy reforms that could yield a double dividend in terms of boosting GDP per capita and reducing income inequality, and also flags other policy areas where reforms would entail a trade-off between both objectives.

scholarly journals The Impact of OECD Countries’ Macroeconomic Factors on Turkey’s Foreign Trade

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Elif Guneren Genc ◽  
Ozlem Deniz Basar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Macroeconomic Time Series ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to investigate the makroeconomic effects of OECD countries, having a major economic share in the regional communities, in the scope of complex economic structure, and accordingly, to determine the effects of those on Turkey's exports and imports. For this purpose, Turkey’s bilateral export and import volumes with OECD countries for the period of 1996 to 2014 were modelled by using these countries’ macroeconomic time series variables and panel data sets. It was revealed at the end of the study that the most determinant macroeconomic factors concerning the increase in Turkey’s import is the increase in per capita GNP in these countries. This variable is seen to be followed by these countries’ urban population, export indices and the export increases of Turkey for these countries respectively.

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