EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF CARBON TAXES ON ECONOMY AND CARBON EMISSIONS IN CHINA

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru-yin Long ◽  
Shi-Chun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Taxes

The possible macroeconomic and sectoral impacts of carbon taxation on Turkey’s economy: A computable general equilibrium analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 784-801
Author(s):  
Levent Aydın
Keyword(s):  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Carbon Taxation ◽  
Per Capita

Although the idea of carbon tax was debated widely in the early 1970s, the first carbon taxes were imposed in some Northern European countries at the beginning of the 1990s. Since the Paris summit in 2015, there has been a growing interest in carbon tax that has begun to increase again. Although Turkey’s share of carbon emissions in terms of total global emissions is low, the rate of increase in emissions has increased in recent years and should be a cause for concern. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyze the possible effects of carbon taxes on Turkey’s economy by disaggregating the electricity sector a by using the computable general equilibrium model. Simulation results show that carbon taxation is a highly effective means to reduce carbon emissions. Despite all sectors being adversely affected, some low emission energy, textile, and other service sectors benefit from carbon pricing. The results also indicate macroeconomic costs of imposing a carbon tax at $7 per ton of carbon in terms of the decrease in GDP by 0.061% and associated with per capita utility of the representative household by 0.09% in scenario a. Imposition of successively higher carbon taxes in scenario b and scenario c results in 5.75, 12.02, and 16.95% reduction in carbon emissions at decreasing rate, respectively. However, these reductions are also accompanied by a decrease in real GDP and per capita utility from household expenditure, as macroeconomic costs, in scenarios a, b, and c at increasing rates.

Can Regulators Ensure Environmental Sustainability?

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-152
Author(s):  
Robert Baldwin ◽  
Martin Cave
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Central Importance ◽  
Home Heating

Sustainability is an urgent concern that grows in importance as the earth’s fragility becomes increasingly apparent. Regulating in order to promote sustainability, however, brings a number of challenges. The first section of this chapter discusses those general challenges and the second section deals with a specific issue of central importance to sustainability—the control of carbon emissions. Central questions explored include: Is the idea of sustainability too elusive to allow its protection through regulation? How can regulators address the special challenges presented by future and contested harms? What strategies are available to rise to the challenges of regulating so as to foster sustainability? The discussion of responses to carbon and other greenhouse gases deals with the scale of the problems and the regulatory tools available to achieve the decarbonization targets now adopted by governments, including carbon taxes, tradable emissions permits, electric vehicles, and the replacement of gas in home heating.

scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Carbon Taxation Policies on CO2 Emissions: Contextual Evidence from Tax Implementation and Non-Implementation European Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaad Ghazouani ◽  
Wanjun Xia ◽  
Mehdi Ben Jebli ◽  
Umer Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Policy Tool ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

During the past decades, environmental related taxes, energy, and carbon taxes has been recommended by environmental scientists as a policy tool to mitigate pollutant emissions in developed and developing economies. Among developed nations, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, and Norway were the first regions to adopt a tax on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and research into the impacts of carbon tax on carbon emissions bring significant implications. The prime objective and goal of this work is to explore the role of carbon tax reforms for environmental quality in European economies. This is probably the first study to conduct a comparative study in European context for carbon-tax implementation and non-implementation policies. To this end, the present study reports new conclusions and implications regarding the effectiveness of environmental regulations and policies for climate change and sustainability. In the present study, the authors exhaustively explore the impacts of the carbon-tax on the mitigation of CO2 emissions. Using the propensity score matching method, the results of the estimation of the different matching methods allow us to observe a positive and significant impact of the adoption of the carbon-tax on stimulating the reduction of carbon emissions.

scholarly journals EXTRATEGIAS DE MEJORA DE LÍNEAS FERROVIARIAS

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Daniel Costa Seijas ◽  
José Manuel Cubela
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
General Context ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
Emissions Reductions ◽  
Railway Line ◽  
State Of Art

The main objectives of investment on railway are improving connectivity and access to services; generate employment and amenities; while delivering cuts in carbon emissions, reductions in traffic noise, pollution and congestion. Within that general context, the existing options to improve a railway line are the upgrading of the existing line, which is called the brown field option, or to build a brand new line in the corridor, which is called the green field option and which is assumed a state of art line, i.e. a High Speed Line. There is, nevertheless, a third option that could be followed in which, first the existing line is upgraded and then a new High Speed Line is built in the same corridor. This latter option is acknowledged as economically inefficient, but it is needed to find out to what extend that assertion is true. The purpose of this study is, then, to reach a conclusion on that statement through the analyses of actual cases, i.e. not through a theoretical exercise but through an empirical research. In the first stage of the research two corridors that met the requirements of the study were identified: the Madrid - Valencia Line in Spain and Bordeaux – Spain Line in France. From the analysis of those corridors it was learnt that, indeed, building a new High Speed Line after upgrading the existing line in that corridor will not be economically efficient unless the new line is built after a number of years. That delay could be around 10 years, and will depend on the level of investment carried out for the upgrading and the expected growth of transport demand in the corridor.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.4081 

scholarly journals Steering the Climate System: Using Inertia to Lower the Cost of Policy

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (10) ◽  
pp. 2947-2957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek Lemoine ◽  
Ivan Rudik
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Economic Models ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Cost

Common views hold that the efficient way to limit warming to a chosen level is to price carbon emissions at a rate that increases exponentially. We show that this Hotelling tax on carbon emissions is actually inefficient. The least-cost policy path takes advantage of the climate system's inertia to delay reducing emissions and allow greater cumulative emissions. The efficient carbon tax follows an inverse-U-shaped path and grows more slowly than the Hotelling tax. Economic models that assume exponentially increasing carbon taxes are overestimating the cost of limiting warming, overestimating the efficient near-term carbon tax, and overvaluing technologies that mature sooner. (JEL H23, Q54, Q58)

Controlling carbon emissions in China

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD F. GARBACCIO ◽  
MUN S. HO ◽  
DALE W. JORGENSON
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Computable General Equilibrium ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Reduce Emissions

We examine the use of carbon taxes to reduce emissions of CO2 in China. To do so, we develop a dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the Chinese economy. In addition to accounting for the effects of population growth, capital accumulation, technological change, and changing patterns of demand, we also incorporate into our model elements of the dual nature of China's economy where both plan and market institutions exist side by side. We conduct simulations in which carbon emissions are reduced by 5, 10, and 15 per cent from our baseline. After initial declines, in all of our simulations GDP and consumption rapidly exceed baseline levels as the revenue neutral carbon tax serves to transfer income from consumers to producers and then into increased investment. Although subject to a number of caveats, we find potential for what is in some sense a 'double dividend', a decrease in emissions of CO2 and a long run increase in GDP and consumption.

Analysis of Low Carbon Economy Strategy of China

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 808-811
Author(s):  
Xiu Song Shi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Carbon Trading ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Taxes ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
To Come ◽  
Carbon Economy

This paper analyzed the background of developing low economy in China, included restricts and advantages. China is the world’s largest carbon emitter and its emissions continue to rise with rapid growth. The most important is that coal will continue to dominate China's energy mix for decades to come. The measures to reduce carbon emissions mainly include laws and regulations, carbon taxes or carbon trading, subsidies or tax cuts on clean production, technological innovation. Low carbon economy is an important growth point sustainable development.

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