scholarly journals Spirit-possession in theory and practice: séances with Tibetan spirit-mediums in Nepal

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 151-166
Author(s):  
Per-Arne Berglie
Keyword(s):  
Spirit Possession ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Satisfactory Solution ◽  
Refugee Community ◽  
Actual Change ◽  
Tibetan Refugee

This paper describes a short study of the séances and trance-performances of three Tibetan spirit-mediums (dpa' bo) from a refugee-community in Nepal. The field-work on which this study is based was carried out in a Tibetan refugee-village in Nepal during 1970 and 1971. For each dpa' bo:  dBang phyug, Sri gcod, and Nyi ma don grub, a summary of personal thoughts and beliefs concerning possession is provided, followed by an example of how a séance was structured. A common feature is that when all the gods summoned have arrived, possession took place by the god most suited to carry out the task of the evening. The actual change of the ritual status of the spirit-medium is marked by the putting on of the headdress. From now on, until it falls off at the end of the séance, it is the god who speaks and acts through the medium, who afterwards claims that he has no recollection whatsoever of what then passes. A necessary condition for the activity of a spirit-medium is, of course, the conviction that their possession is genuine. Theoretically, when a dpa' bo has passed the period of calling and has been tested and has received the necessary training, this genuineness is proved. Of an established dpa' bo no further proofs are therefore required in addition to the satisfactory solution of the problems put to him at the séances. If, after all, someone has doubts about a dpa' bo, he can call a lama.

Human Rights and Community-led Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Cislaghi
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
West African ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Qualitative Evidence ◽  
Actual Change ◽  
Grassroots Level ◽  
Education And Development

How can we best empower people living in the most economically disadvantaged areas of the world to improve their lives in ways that matter to them? This book investigates work of the NGO Tostan as a working model of human development. The study is grounded in the ethnographic study of the actual change that happened in one West African village. The result is a powerful mix of theory and practice that questions existing approaches to development and that speaks to both development scholars and practitioners. Divided into three parts, the book firstly assesses why top-down approaches to education and development are unhelpful and offers a theoretical understanding of what constitutes helpful development. Part two examines Tostan's community-based participatory approach as an example of a helpful development intervention, and offers qualitative evidence of its effectiveness. Part three builds a model of how community-led development works, why it is helpful, and what practitioners can do to help people at the grassroots level lead their own human development.

The Problem with ‘Rich Refugees’ Sponsorship, Capital, and the Informal Economy of Tibetan Refugees

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
AUDREY PROST
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
Refugee Community ◽  
Methodological Challenges ◽  
Economic Exchanges ◽  
Tibetan Refugee ◽  
Tibetan Refugees

This article examines issues pertaining to the growth of ‘informal’ economic exchanges and relationships of patronage in the Tibetan refugee community of Dharamsala (H-P), India. I firstly review the theoretical and methodological challenges posed by investigations of Tibetan refugee modernity, then focus on one particular form of exchange in the informal economy of exiles: rogs ram, or the sponsorship of Tibetans by foreigners. The article argues that symbolic capital comes to play a particularly important role in communities where economic capital is scarce, acting in fact as a proviso to economic capital. The highly unstable character of symbolic capital means that, for Tibetan refugees as for other communities, its conversion into economic capital is arduous and engenders a tense field of negotiations between sponsors and beneficiaries.

scholarly journals A Escrita como Laboratório / Writing as Laboratory

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Ronald João Jacques Arendt
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Laboratory Setting ◽  
Bruno Latour ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Approach Theory ◽  
Master Craftsman ◽  
The One ◽  
Writing Practice

ResumoEste texto busca num primeiro momento ressaltar a importância do laboratório no que Bruno Latour chama de "humanidades científicas" e sua vinculação por um lado com a oficina do artesão e por outro com as tecnologias intelectuais. Num segundo momento o foco será a escrita de um trabalho de pós-graduação, sua relação com o trabalho de campo e a necessidade desta escrita bem representar os dados do campo do pesquisador. Entretanto esta escrita somente amadurecerá num laboratório que toma a forma de uma oficina da escrita, de um coletivo de pesquisadores coordenada por um orientador que surge como um mestre artesão padeiro que indica os caminhos possíveis aos alunos para que eles 'ponham a mão na massa'. Será nesta oficina que o texto será lido, relido, revisto, reavaliado, reescrito. Nesta abordagem a teoria e a prática ganham um sentido novo. O ensaio finaliza com considerações sobre a prática da escrita.Palavras-chave: laboratório; escrita; oficina da escritaAbstract This paper foregrounds the importance of the laboratory in what Bruno Latour calls 'scientific humanities', linking it on the one hand with the artisan's atelier and on the other with intellectual technologies. The focus will be the production of a post-graduate written work, its relationship with field-work and the need for the text to adequately characterize the researcher's field data. However, a writing practice can only mature in a laboratory setting which takes the form of a workshop. Here, a supervising master-craftsman capable of orienting students through a hands-on approach coordinates a collective of researchers. In the workshop, texts are read, reread, revised, reassessed and rewritten. In this approach, theory and practice gain new meaning. The essay concludes with considerations on writing practice. Keywords: laboratory; writing; writing workshop.

scholarly journals How Successful is the Management of Technical and Vocational Institutions, Kuwait, in Reducing Dependence on Expatriates?

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 256-284
Author(s):  
Salah Al-Ali
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Technical And Vocational Education ◽  
Vocational Colleges ◽  
The Government

There is a common perception that technical and vocational education is the ultimate solution for providing industries and business with skilled and semi-skilled manpower. It is considered as a dual type of education system that would allow students to transfer what they have learned in their schools and colleges into real work environment. It is a combination of education that encompasses theory and practice where students spend a certain time in industrial and business premises to acquire the needed knowledge, skills and attitudes. Due to the shortage of skilled and semi-skilled indigenous manpower, the gulf states (e.g., Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates) have forged technical and vocational education colleges and institutions with the aim to supply essential sectors of their economy (e.g., oil, electricity and water, health sector, infrastructure), with qualified national manpower able to manage, maintain, and adapt the imported technology to suite local environments. However, the success of technical and vocational institution in achieving an acceptable outcome would, to great extent, depend on the quality of the management of technical and vocational institutions. The fact is managing technical and vocational education is completely different from managing a formal education (e.g., formal colleges and universities). This research paper examines how successful is the management of technical and vocational colleges and institutions in providing local industries with indigenous skilled and semi-skilled qualified manpower. The research is based on extensive field work that encompasses a review of the related literature, interviews with sample of heads of supervisors/heads of departments at the Ministry of Health, Ministry of Communications, Ministry of Electricity and Water, and the oil sector in order to assess the quality of graduates from technical and vocational colleges and institutions. Finally, the research will argue that unless the management of technical and vocational colleges and institutions recognize and appreciate the value of building a strong linkage with local industries, its contribution in tackling the shortage of skilled and semi-skilled indigenous in essential sectors on the economy will be below the government expectations, thus continuing relaying on expatriates for years ahead.

scholarly journals Professional Self-determination of Modern Teenagers: Problems and Solutions

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-263
Author(s):  
O.B. Ilyina
Keyword(s):  
Career Choice ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
General Process ◽  
Professional Self

Professional self-determination in adolescence for many years has been one of the hot topics of psychological theory and practice. Research in the field of personal and professional self-determination, career choice, continues to be a priority. Professional self-determination is part of the general process of socialization of adolescents, a necessary condition for their success and competitiveness in today's socio-economic realities. And it raises the question of what should be psychological and educational support in these conditions? Problems of career choice are considered on three sides: in the context of the social situation in which there are modern teenagers; from the perspective of adolescents themselves, choosing the profession; taking into account the peculiarities of psycho-pedagogical support of professional self-determination of teenagers nowadays. Analysis of problems leads us to the possible ways of solving them, and the need to build a new model of career guidance.

scholarly journals BECCARIA TRA DIRITTO PENALE ED ECONOMIA PUBBLICA

2011 ◽  
pp. 295-402
Author(s):  
Gian Paolo Massetto
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Public Economics ◽  
Law And Economics ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Solid Part ◽  
Empirical Investigations

Beccaria between criminal law and public economics. As Mario Romani wrote in 1966: ‘the most mature and solid part of Beccaria’s work as system builder, that is, his lectures on economia pubblica delivered between 1769 and 1772, and the empirical investigations or consulte stemming from inquiries undertaken in his capacity as a member of government bodies, was for a long time wholly or partly overlooked, or entrusted to unreliable editors, who were ready to print manuscripts the Author himself had not deemed worthy of publication’. This discomfort is no longer justified. The Elementi di economia pubblica will soon be published, while the Atti di Governo have recently appeared in print. We now know the details of Beccaria’s activity in the Supremo Consiglio d’Economia, as Head of the First and then of the Second Department, and as a member of the Consiglio di Governo. We can evaluate his contribution to both theory and practice in the fields of criminal law and economics. The aim of this essay is to assess the consistency between Beccaria’s theoretical writings and his field work, with particular reference to freedom of trade (of grains in particular), free bakery, hunting, forest and mines, the Pizzighettone prison, and the Milan house of correction.

Administrative Innovations as Necessary Condition of Competitiveness in Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Khanif Sharifzyanovich Mullakhmetov ◽  
Rosalia Mullamehametovna Aminova ◽  
Ilnara Ilshatovna Filimonchuk
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
Educational Management ◽  
Managerial Flexibility ◽  
Education Environment ◽  
Administrative Innovations ◽  
Managerial Innovation

Abstract In the present-day education environment, requiring managerial flexibility in assessing ongoing changes, innovation becomes a prerequisite for effective management, and professional and psychological readiness of managers to apply management innovation – an indicator of managerial potential. Management innovation is today the “bottleneck” of educational management theory and practice. There are no theoretical models that are directly related to managerial innovation; technological innovations take priority in the practice of educational management; incorrect interpretation of innovations blunts their effectiveness. The school's competitive advantage today is not determined primarily by capital accumulation, but by the ability of management to initiate, appreciate and use changes, to learn faster than the rest from the experience of the changes. New theories of growth emphasize that it is the development of innovations that is an engine of sustainable educational growth. These circumstances determine management innovations as the domain that is the most in-demand for the development of education under the conditions of today.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Radio Emission in Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables

2004 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Mason ◽  
Candace Gray
Keyword(s):  
Radio Emission ◽  
White Dwarf ◽  
Cataclysmic Variables ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Radio Observations ◽  
Satisfactory Solution ◽  
Magnetic Cataclysmic Variables ◽  
Standing Problem

AbstractThe origin of radio emission in magnetic CVs is a long standing problem without a satisfactory solution. We review the radio observations of both non-magnetic and magnetic CVs and discuss possible emission mechanisms. We pose the following questions: Is the presence of a magnetic white dwarf a necessary condition for radio emission? Is there a single cause for the radio emission or are there several radio emission mechanisms? We revisit the suggestion that asynchronism or at least the lack of strict magnetic locking might be a necessary condition for radio emission.

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