scholarly journals Effects of Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Application on Oil Palm Yield, Soil Properties and Cost-Benefits Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-437
Author(s):  
Che Ku Denang Che Ku Hafeez ◽  
Karam Singh Daljit Singh ◽  
Abdu Arifin ◽  
Sundara Rajoo Keeren
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Limited Area ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches

Due to limited area for dumping empty fruit bunch (EFB), an environmentally sustainable approach of EFB utilization is needed in oil palm plantations. The estimated production of EFB generated from 100 tons of fresh fruit bunches (FFB) is about 20%, which is equivalent to 20 tons. A study was conducted in 2015 at an 8-year-old oil palm estate owned by Ladang Rakyat Trengganu Sdn. Bhd. (LRTSB), located in Cheneh, Terengganu. It is estimated that the LRTSB palm oil mill’s annual production is about 240 000 – 250 000 tons of FFB that will produce about 48 000 – 50 000 tons of EFB. In this research, the application of EFB at different rates of 60 t/ha (T1), 80 t/ha (T2) and 0 t/ha (T3) were conducted from 2015-2019. The EFB was applied along the frond heap (alternate row), once a year. The data collected consisted of oil palm yield, soil chemical properties and cost benefit analysis. Results showed that after 6 years of EFB application, the oil palm yield increased when compared to the plot without EFB application. In addition, the EFB helped in increasing soil nutrient content, moisture and reduced soil compaction. In short, application of EFB increased soil fertility and improved oil palm yield.

scholarly journals PENGARUH DOSIS KOMPOS TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT YANG DI PERKAYA ABU BOILER TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA TANAH ULTISOL, PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI, KADAR HARA DAN LOGAM BERAT PB PADA TANAMAN SAWI (Brassica juncea L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Alpha Level ◽  
Growth Production ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Boiler Ash

The purpose of this study was to study the effect of improved quality of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost on the chemical properties of ultisol soil, growth, production, nutrient content, and heavy metals Pb in mustard plants. This study was conducted from March 2015 to January 2016. The study was conducted with a single factor experiment with 13 treatments and 3 replications, so that 39 unit experiments were obtained which were placed into a Completely Randomized Design. The treatment consisted of 4 tankos compost, namely tankos compost.  The beginning of the composting process was added to boiler ash at 4 dosage levels, namely 0% (K1), 15% (K2), 25% (K3), 35% (K4), then given into the soil with 3 dose levels, namely 10 tons/ha (D1), 20 tons/ha (D2), 30 tons/ha (D3). Observational data was analyzed statistically using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) with the F test at an alpha level of 5%.  If the treatment is found a significant effect, it will be continued with the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at the alpha level of 5%. The results showed that the  various doses of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost plus added boiler ash at the beginning of the composting process at the same dose had a significant effect on increasing Ca-dd, Mg-dd, K-dd soils and decreasing Al-dd soils, plant height, number of leaves, leaf width and K content of mustard plants. The best dose that can produce the highest production was the composting process treatment that was added with 15% boiler ash at a dose of 10 tons/ha (K1D1). In the Pb heavy metal content was not measurable, so the plant was suitable for consumption.

scholarly journals Effects of Elevation and Distance from Highway on the Abundance and Community Structure of Bacteria in Soil along Qinghai-Tibet Highway

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13137
Author(s):  
Zhuocheng Liu ◽  
Yangang Yang ◽  
Shuangxuan Ji ◽  
Di Dong ◽  
Yinruizhi Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Bacteria ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Tibet Plateau ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Ecological Environment ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, highway construction in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) has developed rapidly. When the highway passes through grassland, the soil, vegetation, and ecological environment along the line are disturbed. However, the impact on soil bacteria is still unclear. Soil bacteria play an important role in the ecological environment. The Qinghai-Tibet Highway (QTH) was selected as the research object to explore the changes in bacterial community structure, vegetation, soil, and other indicators. The results showed that the highway-related activities increased the degradation of vegetation along the road, significantly changed the physical and chemical properties of soil, and caused heavy metal pollution. These environmental factors affected the diversity and community structure of soil bacteria. This kind of disturbance shows a trend of gradually increasing from near to far from the highway. Gemmatimonas, Terrimonas, Nitrospira and Bacillus are more tolerant to environmental changes along the highway, while Barnesiella, and Blastococcus are more sensitive. The content of nitrate decreased and the content of ammonium nitrogen increased in the disturbed area, increasing the abundance of nitrifying bacteria. Therefore, the main factor of the disturbance of the QTH on the grassland is the decline of soil nutrient content, and the supplement of soil nutrients such as carbon and nitrogen should be taken into account in the process of ecological restoration of grassland along the line.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Pabrik Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bioaktivator Untuk Pengomposan Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Zainudin Zainudin ◽  
Abdul Rofik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
A Value

Palm oil is an export commodity of the plantation sector which began to develop rapidly in East Kalimantan with an area until 2017 reaching 1,192,342 Ha consisting of 284,523 Ha as plasma / smallholder plants, 14,402 Ha owned by SOEs as the core and 893,417 Ha owned by Large Private Plantation.Empty bunches (Tankos) are solid waste that is produced by palm oil mills in the process of managing palm fruit bunches into crude palm oil (CPO). In each processing 1 ton of fruit bunches will produce Tankos as much as 21-23%. Oil palm empty fruit bunches that are not managed properly will become waste that does not provide benefits. Compost technology using a local microorganism starter (MOL) can be used to produce quality organic fertilizer considering the process involves decomposing bacteria of organic ingredients. Compost technology from tankos waste is very possible to be developed, both at the level of farmers and private oil palm companies. This study aim to determine the potential of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as an bioactivator for composting oil palm empty fruit bunches, and to determine the chemical quality of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost with MOL bioactivator liquid waste as organic fertilizer. Through this research, it is expected that the palm oil mill's liquid waste can be utilized as a bioactivator for compost production and can be applied to the production of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost.This research was conducted for one year. The stages of the research are as follows: 1. Chemical analysis of POME waste, 2. Making LM POME, 3. Chemical analysis of LM POME, and 4. Making EFB Compost, and Chemical Analysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch compost. Compost making using randomized block design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications include: P0 = 0 ml / liter of water, P1 = 100 ml / liter of water, P2 = 300 ml / liter of water, P3 = 600 ml / liter of water, P4 = 900 ml / liter of water.The analysis showed that there was an increase in the chemical properties of POME after becoming an LM POME activator. Increased chemical properties such as phosphorus from 0.01 to 0.02, potassium from 0.19 to 0.27, and organic carbon from 0.90 to 1.30, but some chemical properties such as pH decreased from 7.20 to 3, 37 and nitrogen decreased from 0.37 to 0.05. The EFB compost analysis results showed that the highest pH was p2 with a value of 8.23, the highest organic C at p4 treatment with a value of 57.65, the highest total N at p3 with a value of 1.80, P2O5 the highest total at p3 with a value of 0.64, and the highest total K2O at p4 with a value of 2.68. 

scholarly journals Growth Response of Abaca (Musa textilis Nee) in Abandoned Mine Soil Amended with Oil Palm Residues

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Mechelle Mangmang ◽  
Katherine Cozo
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Condition ◽  
Abandoned Mine ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Mine Soil

The mining industry is one of the leading sectors providing economic benefit to the community. However, mining minerals inevitably affect the ecosystem function of the land, thereby reducing ecological services provided to mankind. Soil remediation is done to restore ecological integrity while mitigating degradation processes. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the chemical properties of abandoned mine soil and to determine the effects of oil palm residues on the growth performance of abaca (Hybrid 7) grown in mined soil under nursery conditions. This study was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications, namely, T1 - Mined Soil Alone, T2 - Garden Soil Alone, T3 - Mined soil + Oil Palm Sludge, T4 - Mined Soil + Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Biochar, T5 – Mined Soil + Oil Palm Vermicast. Chemical analysis of mined soil revealed extreme acidic soil condition, low organic matter, CEC, N, K, and high P content relative to soil nutrient sufficiency criteria. Mined soil contained 0.347 mg/kg Cd and 0.230 mg/kg Pb which are within the tolerable limit of 2.00 mg/ kg for Cd and 300 mg/kg (Pb), respectively. Application of oil palm residues in mined soil can significantly improve the morphology and dry matter yield performance of hybrid 7 abaca seedlings. Plants grown in mined soil amended with oil palm residues were taller, larger pseudostem girth with more and bigger functional leaves, and had a higher survival rate compared to those grown in soil derived from the abandoned mining area. Abaca plants grown with amendments had accumulated higher dry matter. Oil palm residues particularly vermicast has greater potential as soil amendment under degraded mined in Mawab, Davao de Oro.

Phisycal And Chemical Properties And Nutrient Content (N, P, K, Mg, B, Cu And Zn ) In Oil Palm Leaf In Various Of Age After Compacting

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100
Author(s):  
Eko Kurniawan ◽  
Nelvia Nelvia ◽  
Wawan Wawan
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Exchange Cation ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
At Deficiency ◽  
Consecutive Block ◽  
Cu And Zn

 Planting of oil palm in peatland has been limited by soil physical, chemical properties, and hydrology, that`s way needed improvement on those matters to increase the productivity of peat and oil palm in peat soil by compacting. The purpose of this compacting is to improve the soil's physical, chemical properties, and soil moisture. A sampling of soil, water, and leaf were done in consecutive block 5,4,3,2,1,0 year after compacting and of planting done 4 years 10 months, 3 years  9 months, 2 years 9 months, 1 year 10 months, 11 months and 2 months, control used in this trial are origin condition (forest). Increasing bulk density was found at compacting block with 30 cm depth from the surface with the lower in 2 years after compacting at 0.09 g/cm3 and highest 4 years after compacting 0.4 g/cm3. In-depth of 60 cm from surface was found no increasing the bulk density 3 years after compacting 0.0 g/cm3 and the highest on 5 years after compacting 0.3 g/cm3 compared to forest. Decreasing on permeability in-depth 30 cm at 4 years after compacting 7.47 cm/jam and close to forest permeability 51.11 cm/hour is  2 years  43.6 cm/hour. As represent rise capillary consistently water content ≥ 80% achieved at depth 20 cm of surfaces on all block. Compaction doesn't regard pH, C organic, basa's saturation, capacity exchange cation. On depth 30 cm  P-total lower  on s without compaction at  599.6 ppm and above 871.6 ppm on 5 yr than forest 585 ppm.  P available most low 58.1 ppm happens on 4 yr afters is compacted and p available forest 53.9 ppm. Nutrient content B, Cu and Zn at soil not influenced by compaction. Fosfor (P) in water increases with added years after compaction lower at 39.1 mg/L  in the block without compaction compare  of forest that 40.8 mg/L. Leaf nutrient rate on compacted block on optimum until excess where N (2. 69 – 3.15 %) , P (0. 170 – 0.209 %) , K( 0. 952 – 1.11%) , Mg ( 0. 377 – 0.497%) , except  on block without compacting K (0. 830 %)  and Mg (0. 190%)  at deficiency and 0 years afters compaction Mg leaf on level deficiency 0. 230%. Nutrient content of  B, Cu and Zn at various level and not influenced  by compacting.

scholarly journals Analisis Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Terhadap Peningkatan Produksi Kelapa Sawit pada Tanah Pasir di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Selangkun

Agrikultura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
RR Darlita RR Darlita ◽  
Benny Joy ◽  
Rija Sudirja
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Total N ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Total P ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACTAnalyse of soil chemical properties in the encriment of oil palm production on sandy soil at Selangkun oli palm plantationSoil is one of basic components in the development of oil palm plantation. Limitation of land causes many companies expand their areas to the sub-optimal land, such as sandy soil. This research was aimed to analyzed chemical soil properties and its relation with bunch number and bunch weight in oil palm plantation, Arut Selatan sub-district, Central Kalimantan. Survey was made in sample points that were determined based on grid system, and each sample was taken in the depth of 30 cm. This research was descriptive and used double regression equation with backward-stepwise method. Several parameters have been analyzed, such as pH, organic carbon, CEC, total N, total P, P-availability, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, and B. The result showed that the pH was categorized acid, macro nutrients were medium to very low, except total P and P-availability, while micro nutrients were enough, except boron which had very high amount. Furthermore, statistical analysis showed that some chemical properties, such as total N, CEC, and exchangeable Al were parameters which influenced production of bunch number per oil palm plant.Keywords: Oil palm, Soil nutrient, Sandy soilABSTRAKTanah merupakan salah satu komponen dasar dalam pembangunan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Keterbatasan lahan menyebabkan banyaknya perusahaan yang memperluas areal perkebunan ke lahan sub-optimal, seperti tanah pasir. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji sifat-sifat kimia yang ada pada tanah pasir dan hubungannya dengan produksi tandan per pohon dan berat tandan rata-rata tanaman kelapa sawit di kecamatan Arut Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah. Survei dilakukan pada titik sampel didasarkan pada metode grid, dan sampel diambil pada kedalaman 30 cm. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dan menggunakan model persamaan regresi berganda metode backward-stepwise. Beberapa parameter yang dianalisis adalah pH, C-organik, KTK, N-total, P-total, P-tersedia, K, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, dan B. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pH tanah tergolong rendah, kandungan hara makro berkisar sedang sampai sangat rendah, kecuali P-total dan P-tersedia, sementara kandungan hara mikronya cukup, kecuali boron yang tergolong tinggi. Sifat kimia tanah seperti N-total, KTK, dan Al-dd merupakan parameter yang meningkatkan jumlah tandan per pohon.Kata Kunci: Kelapa sawit, Hara tanah, Tanah pasir

scholarly journals Forest Management in Lower Kinabatangan Sabah, East Malaysia: Cost-Benefit Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 376-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Normah Abdul Latip ◽  
Mohd Umzarulazijo Umar .
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Lower Kinabatangan

Sabah is known in the world with its nature and biodiversity. In fact, one of the contributions of tourism sector in Sabah is the uniqueness of the nature and wildlife. Unfortunately, the developments of agriculture, particularly for oil palm cultivation cause so many negative impacts to environmental imbalance, especially in fragile areas such as Lower Kinabatangan. Because of that, Lower Kinabatangan need for a balanced approach to reduce the negative effects due to the clearing of forests. In this study, Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) model with three option namely, Option1: Status Quo, Option 2: Compromise and Conservation and Option 3: Translocation is used to provide alternative solution to local residents in Lower Kinabatangan which faced with problems due to insufficient of forest management. A total of 234 respondents were randomly selected from four villages with high conflict because of the of oil palm cultivation namey Kg, Kg Bilit, Kg Sukau and Kg Batu Putih. Study results found that Option 2, which recorded the highest NPV is the best option selected by the local people in solving their problems. This study thus shows that there is awareness among the local community on the importance of balancing development and environmental conservation to ensure sustainable forest management can be achieved in Lower Kinabatangan, Sabah.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN BIOBRIKET TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT DAN TEMPURUNG KELAPA SEBAGAI SUMBER ENERGI ALTERNATIF RAMAH LINGKUNGAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Herlina Anggriani Marbun ◽  
Giyanto . ◽  
Hardiansyah Sinaga
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches

Fluctuations in fuel prices stimulate efforts to find alternative energy that is environmentally friendly. The processing of oil palm plantations produces waste or quite a lot of products ± 23% of the weight of fresh fruit bunches. Utilization of Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (PEFB) as biobriquettes was chosen in this study by mixing other ingredients, namely coconut shell. The treatment in the study was the composition of the mixture of PEFB and shell PEFB-1, PEFB-2, PEFB-3, PEFB-4 and PEFB-5 with a ratio of weight (100% -0%), (75% -25%), (50% -50%), (25% -75%) and     (0% -100%). The research was carried out in Medan STIPAP, ITM Laboratory and PTKI Alboratorium in April - September 2018. Observation parameters were heating value, water content, ash content, density, compressive strength and combustion rate. The results showed that briquettes with dominant PEFB material, PEFB-1 and PEFB-2, produced less quality biobriquettes, especially low calorific value. The best treatment is PEFB-4 (25% EFB and 75% shell) with characters that appropriate to the specifications of the quality standard of charcoal briquettes. 

scholarly journals Chemical composition of soils on post-agricultural and forest sites before and after sawdust addition against the background of weather elements

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Małecka ◽  
Józef Wójcik ◽  
Zbigniew Sierota
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Tree Planting ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Abstract We analysed changes in soil chemical properties (pH, C:N, N, P, K, Ca, Na) inside two forest areas chosen for renewal (Lubartów A and B) and within one post-agricultural site (Świerczyna) designated for afforestation with Scots pine. The experimental plots were located in areas known as persistent cockchafer grub spots. The Lubartów A site was not fenced and showed signs of wild boar activity. Analyses were carried out in the autumn of 2011 and spring 2012, prior to pine sawdust application to the soil and before tree planting, respectively, and again one year later in May 2013. Precipitation as well as air and soil temperatures were recorded throughout the experimental period. We found that soil temperature and humidity, determined by changes in weather, differences in soil chemical properties between forest and agricultural sites as well as sawdust treatments differentially affected soil reaction, C:N ratios and nutrient content. In the unfenced area (Lubartów A), the content of nutrient forms available to plants decreased no more under sawdust treatment than under control conditions. In the remaining areas, sawdust treatment caused an increase or no change in soil concentrations of the investigated nutrients. Under suitable temperature and humidity conditions, sawdust can represent a significant source of energy-rich compounds promoting diversified edaphone activity, which appears to be the main reason for changes in soil nutrient content.

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