Evaluation of Various IVC Systems According to Mouse Reproductive Performance and Husbandry and Environmental Parameters

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchel G Stover ◽  
Jason S Villano
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Interbirth Interval ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Health Checks ◽  
Breeding Cycles

IVC systems are marketed for improving the health and management of mouse colonies. The current study compared mouse reproductive performance and husbandry and environmental parameters among 3 high-density (HD) IVC rack systems (RS1, RS2, and RS3), which were present in separate but comparable rooms. Three breeding trios each of Swiss Webster (CFW) and BALB/c mice were placed in each rack (n = 36 female, n = 18 male). Reproductive indices were measured for 3 breeding cycles over 2 generations; indices included time to parturition, litter size and pup weight, survivability, and interbirth interval. Over 18 wk, personnel used scoring systems to evaluate each RS daily to every other week according to cage dirtiness, need for spot changing, ease of cage changing, daily health checks, and cage wash processing. Macroenvironmental parameters (temperature, relative humidity, noise, total particulate matter) were measured weekly over 14 wks. Microenvironmental parameters (temperature, relative humidity, NH3, CO2, O2) of 2 cages each of male and female CFW mice (4 mice/cage) on each RS were measured at 6 time points over 2 wks. RS1 had significantly smaller mean litter sizes of CFW mice (mean ± 1 SD, 6.5 ± 2.9 pups) as compared with both RS2 (9.5 ± 1.7 pups) and RS3 (9.3 ± 3.8 pups). RS1 scored as beingsignificantly easier to process through the cage wash. RS2 had significantly lower room noise levels (46.0 ± 5.0 dBA) but higher humidity (58.6% ± 8.9%) as compared with both RS1 (43.7% ± 9.9%) and RS3 (46.0% ± 12.0%) over the 2-wk cycle, particularly at 8 and 12 d after cage change. In conclusion, in terms of mouse reproductive performance and husbandry and environmental parameters, each system had at least 1 advantage over the other 2. Therefore, various factors should be considered when choosing an IVC system for mice.

scholarly journals Prioritizing and Analyzing the Role of Climate and Urban Parameters in the Confirmed Cases of COVID-19 Based on Artificial Intelligence Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽  
Behrouz Pirouz ◽  
Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽  
Behzad Pirouz ◽  
Patrizia Piro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Cost Function ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Data Set ◽  
De Algorithm

Nowadays, an infectious disease outbreak is considered one of the most destructive effects in the sustainable development process. The outbreak of new coronavirus (COVID-19) as an infectious disease showed that it has undesirable social, environmental, and economic impacts, and leads to serious challenges and threats. Additionally, investigating the prioritization parameters is of vital importance to reducing the negative impacts of this global crisis. Hence, the main aim of this study is to prioritize and analyze the role of certain environmental parameters. For this purpose, four cities in Italy were selected as a case study and some notable climate parameters—such as daily average temperature, relative humidity, wind speed—and an urban parameter, population density, were considered as input data set, with confirmed cases of COVID-19 being the output dataset. In this paper, two artificial intelligence techniques, including an artificial neural network (ANN) based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and differential evolution (DE) algorithm, were used for prioritizing climate and urban parameters. The analysis is based on the feature selection process and then the obtained results from the proposed models compared to select the best one. Finally, the difference in cost function was about 0.0001 between the performances of the two models, hence, the two methods were not different in cost function, however, ANN-PSO was found to be better, because it reached to the desired precision level in lesser iterations than ANN-DE. In addition, the priority of two variables, urban parameter, and relative humidity, were the highest to predict the confirmed cases of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The density of females of Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) affects their reproductive performance on pupae of Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabricio F. Pereira ◽  
José C. Zanuncio ◽  
José E. Serrão ◽  
Teresinha V. Zanuncio ◽  
Dirceu Pratissoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Glass Tubes ◽  
Bombyx Mori L

Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare and LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is a gregarious and polyphagous parasitoid mainly of Lepidoptera pupae. The objective of this paper as to study the developent of parasitoid on Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) pupae exposed to one, nine, 18, 27, 36, 45 or 54 female P. elaeisis, respectively. The females of the parasitoid remained in contact with pupae for 24 hours in glass tubes (14.0 x 2.2 cm), packed in a climatic chamber regulated at 25 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% relative humidity and photo phase of 12 hours. With the exception of density 1:1 (72.72%), in other densities parasitism was 100%. Adults of P. elaeisis did not emerge from pupae at densities of 1:1 and 9:1, but 100.0% of parasitoid emergence was observed at the density of 45:1 and 54.54% at 54:1. The duration of the life cycle of this parasitoid ranged from 20 to 28 days. P. elaeisis produced 49 to 589 descendants per pupa of B. mori. The sex ratio of P. elaeisis ranged from 0.93 ± 0.01 to 0.97 ± 0.01 without differences with 18, 27, 36, 45 and 54 females/host. This parasitoid should be reared with the density of 45 females per pupa of B. mori.

scholarly journals Reproductive performance of spiralling whitefly on guava and impact of weather parameters on its immature stages

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
I Hossain ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
SMH Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Instar Nymph ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Aleurodicus Dispersus ◽  
Weather Parameters

The study was conducted to know the reproductive performance of spiralling whitefly on guava. Number of colony, eggs, 1st instar, 2nd instar, 3rd instar and 4th instar nymphs per five leaves ranged from 6 to 15, 8 to 32, 0 to 44, 0 to 22, 0 to 45 and 0 to 28, respectively. Maximum number of adults and nymphs were found in the month of January. Highest longevity of Aleurodicus dispersus (21.5 days) was recorded in adult while the lowest was in 2nd instar nymph (6.4 days). The number of colony/leaf and number of 3rd and 4th instar nymphs of A. dispersus had significant positive correlation with minimum and maximum temperature while non-significant positive correlation is observed between the number of egg/colony, the number 1st and 2nd instar nymphs with minimum and maximum temperature. A. dispersus showed nonsignificant positive correlation with minimum and maximum relative humidity regarding number of colony/leaf, 2nd instar nymph while nonsignificant negative correlation with 4th instar nymph.SAARC J. Agri., 15(2): 207-214 (2017)

scholarly journals Survey of the state of conservation of the Mylodon listai (Xenarthra-Mylodontidae) skin fragment from the Pleistocene of Argentina kept at the Museum of La Plata (Argentina)

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 44-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Silvana Nitiu ◽  
Andrea Mallo ◽  
Mario Saparrat ◽  
Mauro Garcia Santa Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
The State ◽  
La Plata ◽  
Important Type ◽  
Fungal Load ◽  
Sampling Points

The aim of the present study was to assess the state of conservation of the fossilized skin fragment assigned to Mylodon listai preserved in a showcase of the Paleontology Hall of the Museum of La Plata. To this end, we conducted a volumetric aerobiological sampling both inside the showcase and in the hall to detect the presence of fungal load that could alter its preservation. We also determined the environmental parameters both inside and outside the showcase. The aerobiological sampling inside the showcase showed 3061.50 spores/m3 corresponding to 22 fungal types, while in the hall, 2283.20 spores/m3 corresponding to 14 fungal types where detected. Cladosporium was the most important type in all the sampling points. The temperatures recorded were lower than those recommended for the conservation of leather and the relative humidity values were acceptable in 70% of the record for this material

scholarly journals First Record Of Meroplius Fukuharai (Iwasa 1984) (Diptera: Sepsidae) On Romanian Territory

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Lavinia Iancu ◽  
Cristina Purcarea
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
First Record ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Species Dynamics

Abstract The present study represents the first report on the presence of Meroplius fukuharai (Diptera: Sepsidae) in Romania. The research area was located in Bucharest. Meroplius fukuharai was recorded during an experiment for investigating necrophagous insect species dynamics. Adult specimens were sampled during the summer (August 2013) from swine carcasses at the beginning of the advanced decay stage. The species had a sporadic occurrence, only four male specimens being sampled and identified both morphologically and genetically during the four-month survey. The recorded environmental parameters during the sampling period showed an air temperature of 28-33°C and a relative humidity of 53-57%. This report on the presence of M. fukuharai in Romania leads to the expansion of its known distribution range in the South Eastern part of Europe.

Effects of feeding endophyte-infected tall fescue seed on the reproductive performance in male and female CD-1 mice by combination crosses

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.M. Zavos ◽  
D.R. Varney ◽  
M.R. Siegel ◽  
R.W. Hemken ◽  
J.A. Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Dietary choice for a balanced nutrient intake increases the mean and reduces the variance in the reproductive performance of male and female cockroaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (14) ◽  
pp. 4711-4730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Bunning ◽  
Lee Bassett ◽  
Christina Clowser ◽  
James Rapkin ◽  
Kim Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dietary Choice ◽  
The Mean

An experiment with a constant environment for the domestic fowl

1962 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan W. Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Normal System ◽  
Artificial Light ◽  
Pilot Experiment ◽  
Constant Environment ◽  
Environment Temperature

A pilot experiment is described to observe the effect of a constant environment (temperature 65° F., relative humidity, 60%, artificial light for 12 hours daily alternating with 12 hours darkness, and constant diet) on the subsequent reproductive performance of fowls maintained under these conditions from hatching to the end of the 3rd annual cycle of egg laying.The elimination of normal seasonal moulting of the plumage both at the beginning and at the end of the pullet laying year gave an advantage of 57 eggs for experimental birds over a group of sisters maintained under a more normal system of intensive husbandry.This advantage in eggs laid was much reduced in succeeding years owing to a persistent and continuing decrease in rate of lay of hens in the constant environment.All eggs were incubated and, although no differences in fertility, dead germs and hatchability were observed over the first full year of production in the birds in contrasting environments, the deleterious effects of a constant environment became increasingly apparent with age.It is suggested that control of the environment induces a premature senility in the domestic fowl.

Modulation of arginine vasotocin secretion in chicks by dehydration during embryogenesis

1994 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Kisliuk ◽  
R Grossmann
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Arginine Vasotocin ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
White Leghorn Chicken ◽  
Low Humidity

Abstract The influence of low humidity during incubation (LHI) on arginine vasotocin (AVT) secretion in male and female White Leghorn chicken embryos and chicks was investigated. LHI embryos were incubated from day 8 (E8) to E18 at a relative humidity of 32–35%, while control embryos were incubated at 58–62%. In the control groups, plasma AVT gradually increased from E15 to E18, increased sharply during hatching and returned to the El8 level within 4 h. LHI did not alter the level of AVT until E18. LHI E19 males had concentrations of AVT twice as high as those of control males (39 ± 3·9 vs 15 ± 1·6 pmol/l, P<0·001). Augmentation persisted during hatching and 4 h afterwards. In LHI females additional elevation reached significant levels only at 4 h after hatching (58 ± 13 vs 16 ± 1·7 pmol/l, P<0·01). Deprivation of water caused an increase in plasma sodium concentrations in the 2-day-old chicks of the control groups, while no significant changes were observed in the LHI group. Deprivation of water together with a high environmental temperature caused an additional increase in AVT only in the LHI groups (42 ± 5·2 vs 22 ± 3·9 pmol/l, P<0·01 for males; 32 ± 3·4 vs 19 ± 2·8 pmol/l, P<0·01 for females). The results clearly showed that LHI leads to a more pronounced response of the AVT system on subsequent osmotic and non-osmotic challenges, especially in males. Embryonal activation of the AVT system probably helps the organism to cope with hatching and posthatching stresses. Journal of Endocrinology (1994) 142, 153–160

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document