PERDEBATAN HUKUMAN MATI DI INDONESIA: Suatu Kajian Perbandingan Hukum Islam dengan Hukum Pidana Indonesia

Abstrak: Secara tegas, hukum pidana Islam dan Indonesia mengatur tentang hukuman mati. Tetapi, di Indonesia eksistensi hukuman mati masih menjadi perdebatan. Ada pendapat bahwa hukuman mati bertentangan dengan Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) dan ada juga menilai hukuman mati dimaksudkan untuk melindungi kepentingan umum. Untuk mengkaji pertentangan pandangan tersebut, perlu dilakukan analisis secara kritis dengan mengunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Disimpulkan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan hukuman mati, baik hukum pidana Islam maupun Indonesia mem- berlakukan secara hati-hati dan dengan batasan yang telah ditentukan oleh undang- undang. Dengan batasan-batasan inilah diharapakan dapat mengimbangi pandangan antara yang mendukung dan menolak hukuman mati di Indonesia. Hukuman mati dalam hukum pidana Islam untuk melindungi agama, jiwa, harta, akal, dan keturunan yang merupakan karunia Allah SWT. yang harus dilindungi, di mana pelanggarnya pantas dihukum mati. Abstract: The Debate of Capital Punishment in Indonesia: A Comparative Study between Islamic and Indonesian Criminal Law. Strictly speaking, the Islamic and Indonesian criminal law provide for capital punishment. However, the existence of the death penalty in Indonesia is still debatable. It is assumed that the death penalty is against human rights, but others consider it as to protect the public interest. In order to discuss the contravening views, this paper is an attempt to critically analyzed the issu by using a normative juridical approach. It is concluded in its implementation of capital punishment both the in Islamic and Indonesian criminal law is carefully applied and with the limits prescribed by law. Such restrictions are expected to balance the views between the pro and against capital punishment in Indonesia. The death penalty in Islamic criminal law is to protect religion, life, property, intellect and descendant. The five basic human rights is given by the Almighty God that should be protected, the violator of which is liable for capital punishment. Kata Kunci: hukuman mati, hukum pidana, Islam

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MISUNDERSTANDING OF THE INDONESIAN HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS ON THE APPLICATION OF THE DEATH PENALTY

Asy-Syari ah ◽

10.15575/as.v18i1.7607 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 185-198

Author(s):

Tajul Arifin

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Human Rights ◽

United Nations ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Statistical Data ◽

The United States ◽

Drugs And Crime ◽

Low Rate

AbstractThis research mainly uses statistical data published by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDDC) in April 2014 to support the hypothesis of this research that “Human Rights Activists in Indonesia as in other countries have failed in comprehending the wisdom (hikmah) of the application of Capital Punishment”. This study found that: (1) the hypothesis of this research was strongly supported by the data; (2) the application of Syari`ah Criminal Law in Saudi Arabia has been an unchallenged proof for the wisdom (hikmah) behind the application of Capital Punishment by keeping the level of murder crime to a low rate which sharply contrast to many countries which apply positive laws which are based on a social contract between the ruler and the ruled, such as in The United States and Mexico; and (3) In upholding the true justice in Islamic Criminal Law, punishment can only be awarded to the criminals in a society where the Islamic ideal of social justice has been achieved. AbstrakPenelitian ini menggunakan data statistik yang diterbitkan oleh United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNDDC) pada bulan April 2014 untuk mendukung hipotesis dari penelitian ini bahwa "Aktivis HAM di Indonesia seperti di negara-negara lain telah gagal dalam memahami hikmah dari penerapan hukuman mati". Studi ini menemukan bahwa: (1) hipotesis penelitian ini sangat didukung oleh data; (2) penerapan Hukum Pidana Syari`ah di Arab Saudi telah menjadi bukti tak terbantahkan untuk menunjukkan hikmah di balik penerapan hukuman mati dengan menjaga tingkat kejahatan pembunuhan pada tingkat yang sangat rendah yang sangat berlawanan dengan yang terjadi di banyak negara yang menerapkan hukum positif yang didasarkan pada kontrak sosial antara penguasa dan rakyat, seperti di Amerika Serikat dan Meksiko; dan (3) dalam menegakkan keadilan sejati dalam Hukum Pidana Islam, hukuman hanya dapat diberikan kepada penjahat dalam masyarakat di mana keadilan sosial yang ideal menurut Islam telah dicapai.

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FOREIGN CONVICTS EXECUTION: CRIMINAL JURISDICTION BENEATH INTERNATIONAL TENSION

Yustisia Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.20961/yustisia.v96i0.5060 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

Author(s):

Tajudin . ◽

Solihin Niar Ramadhan

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Death Sentence ◽

Foreign Nationals ◽

Law System ◽

Head Of State ◽

National Jurisdiction ◽

The Postponement

The existence ofthe death penalty remains a controversial issue in several countries around the world. Although many countries have abolished the death penalty in its criminal law system, Indonesia still retainsthe capital punishment within its criminal law policy.In Practice, theexecutionhasbeen implemented long agodespite the fact that it leaves a lot of problems. There are many reactions from other countries when prosecutors process to execute foreign nationals. On fact, many head of state request to president of Republic of Indonesia to change the punishment or give forgiveness.This journal will discuss the main problemsencountered in the implementation of the death penalty in Indonesia. The problems are: Firstly,the imposition of the death penalty for foreign nationals in order to implement the national jurisdiction underinternational community’s pressure. Secondly,the postponement of death sentence associated with the theory of retribution and human rights. Keyword: The death penalty, retribution theory, human rights.

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KONSEPSI DAN APLIKASI PIDANA MATI DALAM PERADILAN DI INDONESIA

Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana (Udayana Master Law Journal) ◽

10.24843/jmhu.2016.v05.i04.p06 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 711

Author(s):

I Made Pasek Budiawan

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Human Life ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Psychotropic Substances ◽

Justice Process ◽

Criminal Justice Process

Imposition of the death penalty by the judge in the criminal justice process Indonesia still remains a debate among groups that agread with the group that oppose it. But in some laws for special crimes such as terrorism, corruption, narcotics, psychotropic substances, and a human rights capital punishment is still regulated, as well as of the criminal code and the concept of the criminal code by 2015 capital punishment is still based. The existence of the group that did not agree with the conception and application of this dying, argued that human life bussiness, my God, not the man to lift the perspective of the scientific criminal law that a death penalty still exists in all criminal acts by perpetrators of crimes with widespread impact as well as detrimental to the wider community the research for criminal santions was important to examine the existence of the norms of law as a basic for corrector by maximum capital punishment in Indonesia. Penjatuhan pidana mati oleh hakim dalam proses peradilan pidana Indonesia masih tetap menjadi perdebatan antara kelompok yang setuju dengan kelompok yang menentangnya. Namun dalam beberapa undang-undang tindak pidana khusus seperti terorisme, korupsi, narkotika, psikotropika dan peradilan hak asasi manusia pidana mati masih diatur, begitu juga KUHP dan konsep KUHP tahun 2015 pidana mati masih tetap dicanangkan. Adanya kelompok yang tidak setuju dengan konsepsi dan aplikasi pidana mati ini berdalih bahwa nyawa manusia menjadi urusan Tuhan, bukan menjadi kewenangan manusia untuk mencabutnya. Perspektif keilmuan hukum pidana bahwa pidana mati masih eksis untuk diberlakukan sepanjang tindak pidana yang dilakukan pelaku menyangkut kejahatan luar biasa dengan dampak luas serta merugikan masyarakat luas. Penelitian terhadap sanksi pidana mati penting dilakukan guna meneliti keberadaan norma hukum sebagai dasar pembenar dijatuhkannya pidana mati ini di Indonesia.

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Why Indonesia Maintain Capital Punishment?

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽

10.25041/fiatjustisia.v15no1.1904 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 25-38

Author(s):

Ahmad Irzal Fardiansyah

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

International Law ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

The State ◽

Law Reform ◽

Effective Deterrent ◽

Victims Of Crime

The death penalty in Indonesia is still maintained to combat crime within the Indonesian criminal law reform. Although many states have it removed, Indonesia would have the sole discretion to keep it. Despite the opposition, the death penalty application still has a juridical and sociological basis, so it is still legal to be maintained. Indonesia itself has overshadowed the death penalty with a form of legality according to international law so that the position of Indonesia that still maintain the death penalty cannot be blamed. Moreover, sociologically, Indonesian people still accept those who commit an offence who may have profound implications that could lead to the death penalty. This issue is what became the basis for lawmakers in Indonesia to keep it. This research uses the doctrinal method toexamine various regulations regarding capital punishment and non-doctrinal to understand the community's situation related to the existence of capital punishment in Indonesia. The death penalty is a more effective deterrent and therefore prevents crime better. With the death penalty, others were about to commit a similar crime is expected not to commit the crime. The death penalty is more effectively immobilizing offenders. Perpetrators, in principle, still manage to have the desire to commit the crime again after release. The death penalty for perpetrators of crimes is not a violation of human rights, but rather to respect human rights itself, namely for victims of crime. The setting and the application of the death penalty in Indonesia until now is still needed. They are considering that there are still many crimes that undermine humanity's values or the crimes that harm the State and crackdown on corruption in society.

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DIKOTOMI PIDANA MATI SEBAGAI HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI INDONESIA MENURUT HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM

Jurnal Gagasan Hukum ◽

10.31849/jgh.v3i01.7500 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (01) ◽

pp. 15-33

Author(s):

Muhammad Afif

Keyword(s):

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Subject Matter ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

The Public ◽

Positive Law ◽

The Subject ◽

The Law ◽

The Difference

Eksekusi hukuman mati dalam hukum positif Indonesia dilakukan dengan cara hukuman mati, yang berarti bahwa eksekusi hukuman mati tidak dilakukan di depan orang banyak atau tidak dipublikasikan. Dalam hukum pidana Islam, dieksekusi dengan cara dipenggal, dilempar dengan batu (Rajam) dan dieksekusi di depan umum, artinya eksekusi hukuman mati disaksikan oleh publik. Jenis penelitian merupakan penelitian normative.Pokok bahasan dari artikel ini adalah bagaimana eksekusi hukuman mati memberikan efek jera bagi masyarakat? karena salah satu tujuan hukuman mati adalah memberikan efek jera kepada seseorang / masyarakat agar tidak melakukan kejahatan. Tidak ada perbedaan antara eksekusi hukuman mati dilihat dalam hukum positif Indonesia dan hukum Islam, pada dasarnya kedua tindak pidana tersebut sama-sama memberikan efek jera berupa ketakutan kepada publik untuk melakukan kejahatan atau tindakan yang melanggar hukum. Perbedaan antara hukum positif Indonesia dan hukum Islam, hanya dalam hal prosedur eksekusi. Abstract The execution of the death penalty in Indonesian positive law is carried out by means of a death shot, meaning that the execution of the death penalty is not carried out in front of a crowd or unpublished. In Islamic criminal law, the execution is executed by beheaded, thrown with stone (Rajam) and the execution is executed in front of the public, meaning that the execution of capital punishment is witnessed by the public. this type of research is normative research. The subject matter of this article is how the execution of capital punishment theoretically gives more deterrent effect to society? because one of the objectives of criminalizing, especially capital punishment is to give deterrent effect to a person / society in order not to commit a crime / crime. The execution of the death penalty between two criminal sides namely the positive crime of Indonesia and Islamic crime, basically the two criminal act equally give a deterrent effect in the form of fear to the public to commit a crime or a crime that violates the law. It's just possible to see the difference between positive criminal Indonesia and Islamic crime in terms of the procedure of execution execution.

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PROBLEMATIKA PIDANA HUKUMAN MATI DALAM PERSPEKTIF SISTEM PEMASYARAKATAN

Journal Publicuho ◽

10.35817/jpu.v4i3.20998 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Ravi Agsel Pratama ◽

Mitro Subroto

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Law Reform ◽

Death Row ◽

Normative Analysis ◽

Correctional System

Indonesia, which is trying to reorganize in the field of criminal law reform, cannot be separated from the issue of the death penalty. Of course this will have an impact on the context of the formation of the new Criminal Code (KUHP) made by the Indonesian people themselves which have long been aspired to. In addition, the increasing number of death penalty sentences handed down against criminals makes the author interested in studying the existence of capital punishment sanctions, especially in the aspect of human rights and also in the perspective of the correctional system. This is because the death penalty has conflicting values and concepts in the Constitution and the Indonesian Correctional System. In this study, the researcher conducted a normative analysis which resulted in the conclusion that convicts on death row would be able to carry out the coaching program without coercion.

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KEBERADAAN PIDANA MATI DALAM KITAB UNDANG-UNDANG HUKUM PIDANA (KUHP)

Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH) ◽

10.23887/jkh.v6i1.23444 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 104

Author(s):

Ni Komang Ratih Kumala Dewi

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Legal System ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

Human Rights Violations ◽

Right To Life ◽

The Right

Capital punishment is the heaviest crime and difficult to apply in a country of law considering the death penalty is one of the acts of human rights violations, but to make someone discourage of committing a crime there needs to be rules or penalties that can provide a deterrent effect and provide security for the community from all form of crime. The purpose of writing is directed to find out the regulation of the Death Penalty in the Criminal Law Code which is stipulated in several articles in the Criminal Code and the existence of capital punishment in the legal system in Indonesia in terms of human rights perspective, which of course would be contrary to human rights, especially the right to life, however capital punishment is also needed as an effort to prevent the occurrence of crimes, especially those classified as serious

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Death Penalty for Corruptors: Between the Human Rights and Challenges of Progress in Indonesian Law

FIAT JUSTISIA ◽

10.25041/fiatjustisia.v14no3.1773 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 233

Author(s):

Toba Sastrawan Manik ◽

Sunarso Sunarso

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Human Rights ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Significant Problem ◽

Deterrent Effect ◽

The Public ◽

The People ◽

Public Corruption

The study concerned here examined students' perceptions of death penalty existence for corruptors. Corruption is a significant problem that captures the attention of the wider public. Corruption has a vast, systematic, and complex impact so that it could be classified as an extraordinary crime. Despite that classification, it turns out that the public considers corruptors’ punishment in Indonesia still too light and has not met the public’s expectations regarding justice. The people still feel the disparity in a penalty for corruption. The public believes capital punishment to a punishment option that could cause a deterrent effect. The majority of the public wants corruptors to be sentenced to death, but there is opposition to the death penalty on the grounds of upholding human rights. This study was conducted by students of the Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (PPKn) or Department of Pancasila and Citizenship, Faculty of Social Sciences, Universitas Negeri Medan. It is found in the study that students agree on the death penalty for corruptors, that they do not see human rights as an excuse for rejecting the death penalty. Moreover, the death penalty is to be viewed as a breakthrough in combating corruption in Indonesia.

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FOREIGN CONVICTS EXECUTION: CRIMINAL JURISDICTION BENEATH INTERNATIONAL TENSION

Yustisia Jurnal Hukum ◽

10.20961/yustisia.v5i3.8790 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Tajudin ◽

Solihin Niar Ramadhan

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Criminal Law ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Death Sentence ◽

Foreign Nationals ◽

Law System ◽

Head Of State ◽

National Jurisdiction ◽

The Postponement

AbstractThe existence ofthe death penalty remains a controversial issue in several countries around the world. Although many countries have abolished the death penalty in its criminal law system, Indonesia still retainsthe capital punishment within its criminal law policy.In Practice, theexecutionhasbeen implemented long agodespite the fact that it leaves a lot of problems. There are many reactions from other countries when prosecutors process to execute foreign nationals. On fact, many head of state request to president of Republic of Indonesia to change the punishment or give forgiveness.This journal will discuss the main problemsencountered in the implementation of the death penalty in Indonesia. The problems are: Firstly,the imposition of the death penalty for foreign nationals in order to implement the national jurisdiction underinternational community’s pressure. Secondly,the postponement of death sentence associated with the theory of retribution and human rights.Keyword: The death penalty, retribution theory, human rights

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KEBIJAKAN MODERASI PIDANA MATI

Jurnal Yudisial ◽

10.29123/jy.v10i2.138 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 193

Author(s):

Mei Susanto ◽

Ajie Ramdan

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Death Penalty ◽

Capital Punishment ◽

Criminal Code ◽

Right To Life ◽

Life Imprisonment ◽

Research Results ◽

Moderation Model ◽

The Right

ABSTRAKPutusan Nomor 2-3/PUU-V/2007 selain menjadi dasar konstitusionalitas pidana mati, juga memberikan jalan tengah (moderasi) terhadap perdebatan antara kelompok yang ingin mempertahankan (retensionis) dan yang ingin menghapus (abolisionis) pidana mati. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam putusan a quo dikaitkan dengan teori pemidanaan dan hak asasi manusia dan bagaimana kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam RKUHP tahun 2015 dikaitkan dengan putusan a quo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian doktrinal, dengan menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder, berupa peraturan perundang-undangan, literatur, dan hasil-hasil penelitian yang relevan dengan objek penelitian. Penelitian menyimpulkan, pertama, putusan a quo yang memuat kebijakan moderasi pidana mati telah sesuai dengan teori pemidanaan khususnya teori integratif dan teori hak asasi manusia di Indonesia di mana hak hidup tetap dibatasi oleh kewajiban asasi yang diatur dengan undang-undang. Kedua, model kebijakan moderasi pidana mati dalam RKUHP tahun 2015 beberapa di antaranya telah mengakomodasi amanat putusan a quo, seperti penentuan pidana mati di luar pidana pokok, penundaan pidana mati, kemungkinan pengubahan pidana mati menjadi pidana seumur hidup atau penjara paling lama 20 tahun. Selain itu masih menimbulkan persoalan berkaitan dengan lembaga yang memberikan pengubahan pidana mati, persoalan grasi, lamanya penundaan pelaksanaan pidana mati, dan jenis pidana apa saja yang dapat diancamkan pidana mati.Kata kunci: kebijakan, KUHP, moderasi, pidana mati. ABSTRACTConstitutional Court’s Decision Number 2-3/PUU-V/2007, in addition to being the basis of the constitutionality of capital punishment, also provides a moderate way of arguing between retentionist groups and those wishing to abolish the death penalty (abolitionist). The problem in this research is how the moderation policy of capital punishment in aquo decision is associated with the theory of punishment and human rights and how the moderation policy of capital punishment in the draft Criminal Code of 2015 (RKUHP) is related with the a quo decision. This study is doctrinal, using primary and secondary legal materials, in the form of legislation, literature and research results that are relevant to the object of analysis. This study concludes, firstly, the aquo decision containing the moderation policy of capital punishment has been in accordance with the theory of punishment, specificallyy the integrative theory and the theory of human rights in Indonesia, in which the right to life remains limited by the fundamental obligations set forth in the law. Secondly, some of the modes of moderation model of capital punishment in RKUHP of 2015 have accommodated the mandate of aquo decision, such as the determination of capital punishment outside the main punishment, postponement of capital punishment, the possibility of converting capital punishment to life imprisonment or imprisonment of 20 years. In addition, it still raises issues regarding the institutions that provide for conversion of capital punishment, pardon matters, length of delay in the execution of capital punishment, and any types of crime punishable by capital punishment. Keywords: policy, criminal code, moderation, capital punishment.

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