scholarly journals Entre las creencias y la formación inicial de los estudiantes del Máster de Profesorado de Secundaria: Una mirada hacia la enseñanza de la literatura en las aulas

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96
Author(s):  
Manuel Francisco Romero Oliva ◽  
Ester Trigo Ibáñez
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Master Program ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
The Impact

Resumen:Esta investigación analiza la repercusión del MAES en la formación inicial de los futuros docentes de Lengua Castellana y Literatura como base de una identidad profesional que se produce en la confrontación de sus creencias apriorísticas y los procesos reflexivos experimentados en los diferentes momentos del máster. Se ha tomado como población del estudio al grupo que cursó este máster en el año 2013-2014 en la UCA. La metodología combina diversas técnicas cualitativas y cuantitativas para triangular la información consignada en los instrumentos utilizados: cuestionario mixto, observación directa de los investigadores y narrativa biográfica. Los resultados demuestran que el MAES supone un salto cualitativo en la formación inicial de futuros docentes respecto a la enseñanza de la literatura. Abstract:This research analyzes the impact of MAES in the initial training of future teachers of Spanish Language and Literature as the basis of their professional identity in confrontation with their prior beliefs and the reflection processes experienced at different stages during the Master program. The population of the study has been taken from the group that attended the MAES in 2013-2014 at UCA. The methodology combines various qualitative and quantitative techniques to analyze and combine the information contained in the three different instruments used: mixed questionnaire, direct observation and biographical narrative. The results show that the MAES has been a meaningful leap in the quality of initial training of future teachers, especially regarding the teaching of Literature.

scholarly journals When and why do people act on flawed science? Effects of anecdotes and prior beliefs on evidence-based decision-making

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey L. Michal ◽  
Yiwen Zhong ◽  
Priti Shah
Keyword(s):  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Learning Experiment ◽  
Apply Research ◽  
Evidence Quality ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Learning Interventions

AbstractToday’s citizens are expected to use evidence, frequently presented in the media, to inform decisions about health, behavior, and public policy. However, science misinformation is ubiquitous in the media, making it difficult to apply research appropriately. Across two experiments, we addressed how anecdotes and prior beliefs impact readers’ ability to both identify flawed science and make appropriate decisions based on flawed science in media articles. Each article described the results of flawed research on one of four educational interventions to improve learning (Experiment 1 included articles about having a tidy classroom and exercising while learning; Experiment 2 included articles about using virtual/augmented reality and napping at school). Experiment 1 tested the impact of a single anecdote and found no significant effect on either participants’ evidence evaluations or decisions to implement the learning interventions. However, participants were more likely to adopt the more plausible intervention (tidy classroom) despite identifying that it was unsupported by the evidence, suggesting effects of prior beliefs. In Experiment 2, we tested whether this intervention effect was driven by differences in beliefs about intervention plausibility and included two additional interventions (virtual reality = high plausible, napping = low plausible). We again found that participants were more likely to implement high plausible than low plausible interventions, and that evidence quality was underweighed as a factor in these decisions. Together, these studies suggest that evidence-based decisions are more strongly determined by prior beliefs than beliefs about the quality of evidence itself.

scholarly journals A CONSTRUÇÃO DAS IDENTIDADES DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA EDUCAÇÃO

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (Especial 2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Alberto Albuquerque Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Identity Crisis ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Doctoral Training ◽  
Initial Training ◽  
Professional Identities ◽  
Initial Formation ◽  
Rapid Process ◽  
The World

This article results from reflections during my post-doctoral training at the Lusophone University of Humanities and Technology, in Lisbon. I was intrigued that mechanisms or factors were decisive / decisive in the construction of the identity of the teaching profession. Here I present a small cut considering aspects related to the construction of professional identities. Among the questions that emerged from our reflection: what can be enumerated: 1. The enormous dispersion of courses and initial training is an important component, although it is not enough to explain the panorama of the identity crisis of teachers; 2. The low quality of the initial formation can attribute this inconsistency of the professional identity; 3. The indefinition of a field and an object of pedagogy contributes to this fragility; 4. We are faced with a rapid process of resizing the world of work where functions and roles undergo rapid transformations, characterizing the professions without the constitution of new identities

scholarly journals Housing with support for older people: a mixed-methods systematic review protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Camille Coyle ◽  
Sarah Buggy ◽  
Olivia Cagney ◽  
Louise Farragher ◽  
Caitriona Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Older People ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Ovid Medline ◽  
The Impact ◽  
People’S Perceptions

Background: The implementation of housing with support is rapidly expanding, particularly as life expectancy is increasing throughout the world. This expansion is likely to intensify in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has revealed the risks of relying primarily on nursing homes. This mixed-methods systematic review aims to: 1) explore older people’s perceptions and experiences of housing with support and 2) examine the impact of providing housing with support for older people on their quality of life. Methods: The databases Ovid Medline, Ovid Social Policy & Practice, EBSCO CINAHL, and EBSCO SOCIndex will be searched, and grey literature will also be identified. Quality assessment will be carried out using Joanna Briggs Institute’s Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research as well as a tool from the National Institutes of Health for observational cohort studies. This review will employ convergent parallel design; as such, qualitative and quantitative findings will be synthesised separately in the initial stage of analysis. The results from the qualitative and quantitative syntheses will then be integrated in the final stage of the analysis. Conclusion: This systematic review will synthesise the evidence regarding older people’s perceptions and experiences of housing with support and the impact of providing housing with support for older people on their quality of life.

scholarly journals STRUCTURING OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITY AS A QUALITY FACTOR OF SCHOOL LANGUAGE AND LITERARY EDUCATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
Анатолій Ситченко ◽  
Вікторія Баденкова ◽  
Ірина Корнієнко
Keyword(s):  
Educational Activity ◽  
Structured Learning ◽  
Technological Learning ◽  
Literary Education ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Education Of Students ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mental Actions

The authors aim to scientifically substantiate structured learning as a factor in the quality of language and literature education. The objectives of the study are to deepen ideas about the structuring of mental actions as the main feature of technological learning, highlighting the possibilities of the impact of structured learning on the quality of language and literature education.It is a question of structuring not only the content of the studied material, but also mental actions of pupils directed on its mastering.Theoretical research methods are used: analysis and synthesis of professional sources, generalization and systematization of the obtained results.The issues of improving the quality of language and literary education of students through developmental learning opportunities, an important factor for which is the setting of learning tasks and the structuring of the mental actions of teachers and pupils aimed at their implementation are revealed in the article.The concept of structured learning is clarified, the idea of ordering mental actions as the main feature of technological learning of Ukrainian language and literature is deepened, the possibilities of its developmental influence on the formation of pupilsʼ subject competencies are revealed due to their mastering of certain types of cognitive work.Effectiveness of study is achieved by the fact that the structure of the content of the studied material determines the appropriate order of mental actions aimed at its assimilation, as a result of which, the cognition of the material occurs in the process of sequential illumination of its substantive parts, which is realized in the interaction of teacher and pupils – the first not only sets a specific task, but also reveals to some extent a detailed way of its implementation, the second – acts on the appropriate “technological map”. Conditions are created for productive study in the partnership interaction of teachers and pupils, free learning through not only the assimilation of program material, but also the acquisition of appropriate subject competences that enable pupils to be convinced of their mental and practical ability to transform themselves and reality in general.

scholarly journals The Impact of Religion and Spirituality on Quality of Life for Adult Oncology Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Spiritual Needs ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Oncology Patients ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Impending Death ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Diagnosis Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the impact religion and spirituality have on the quality of life for adult oncology patients. A diagnosis of cancer can be shocking news for many patients. Many people who have a cancer diagnosis believe that they have impending death with no hope for recovery. For some, religion and spirituality can be essential resources that assist cancer patients to cope with this diagnosis. Some sources of religion and spirituality include faith, hope, and meaning of life for an individual. Research findings support that a religious and spiritual perspective decreases depression, lowers anxiety, and promotes adherence to the treatment of cancer [1]. Findings from 18 qualitative and quantitative articles were analyzed to gather an understanding on the impact of spirituality and religion on the quality of life for oncology patients. These articles suggest that inclusion of religious and spiritual needs of oncology patients can significantly increase the quality of life for oncology patients.

scholarly journals Designing the reference architecture of human ecology on the basis of the methodology of the function oriented modelling

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 02016
Author(s):  
Svetlana Mukhametdinova ◽  
Evgenia Tyumentseva ◽  
Oleg Patlasov ◽  
Oleg Luchko
Keyword(s):  
Human Ecology ◽  
Human Life ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Reference Architecture ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Integrated Research ◽  
The Impact

The dynamic nature of changes in the conditions of existence and functioning of modern communities requires comprehensive and integrated research in order to develop a reference architecture of human ecology, as a system of scientifically substantiated criteria for a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the impact of the external environment on various aspects of human life and the formation of a balanced strategy for managing social development. The paper presents one of the approaches to the design of the reference architecture of human ecology based on the methodology of the function oriented modelling and provides examples of models developed in accordance with the IDEF0 notation. The study identified the main stages in the design of the reference architecture of human ecology from collecting information to developing software that makes it possible to automate the processing of input information characterizing various factors affecting the quality of life of the population to developing the architecture of human ecology in a particular region or city and comparing it with the reference one.

scholarly journals The Impact of Privatisation on the Forms of Employment: The Example of the Poviat Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 2/2020 (88) ◽  
pp. 139-150
Author(s):  
Mirela Romanowska ◽  
◽  
Joanna Kowalik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Treatment Standards ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Shortage Of Physicians ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Move

Purpose: The aim of the article was to show the impact of privatisation on the forms of employment of medical staff on the example of the poviat hospital. The proper functioning of any organisation, including a healthcare entity, requires having and maintaining the staff capable of guaranteeing the implementation of its objectives. Design/methodology/approach: The article uses the following research methods: a literature review, the method of economic analysis, qualitative and quantitative analyses and the method of deduction in the inference phase. Findings: The results of the research are the basis for the conclusions supporting the validity of introducing the possibility of concluding subcontracts with medical staff, which allows entities to flexibly organise work in the situation of a shortage of physicians. Research limitations/implications: This is associated with certain financial implications, but at the same time it is more efficient in terms of using the existing human resources and it gives greater opportunities to provide a higher quality of medical services to more patients. Originality/value: The privatisation process in the Polish healthcare sector seems to have been necessary and it has shown that it is worth undertaking such measures, if for no other reason than to improve patients’ treatment standards. The results of the research carried out in this field show that transforming hospitals into private institutions is a good move.

scholarly journals Traditions in vocational education of future teachers at the university

2021 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Marina Ivanovna Aldoshina
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Civic Identity ◽  
University Education ◽  
Future Teachers ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Russian Education

The modern sociocultural situation actualizes the issue of the role and place of tradition as a criterion for the preservation and transmission of historical experience and the basis of the civic identity of society and the ethnic identity of an individual in vocational education in Russia. Russia’s entry into the world educational space, modernization of Russian education based on the competence-based approach, developed with due account for the general trends in the education development in European countries, involves not only updating the content and technologies of education. The subprogram “Vocational Education Development” of the State Program of the Russian Federation “Education Development” for the period of 2013-2020 has the purpose of increasing the contribution of vocational education to the socio-economic and cultural modernization of Russia, to increasing its global competitiveness, ensuring the demand for each student in the economy and society. Therefore, among the priority tasks of higher education is to improve the quality of training future teachers for the Russian education system at different levels, to form their readiness for pedagogical activity in modern conditions. The purpose of this article is to determine the significance of the historical and sociocultural tradition for vocational education at Russian universities by using the comparative analysis of historical-pedagogical, regulatory-legal and methodological sources. The author traces the possibilities of the impact of the university stage of education on the process of ethnocultural development and ethnic identification of a modern student in university vocational pedagogical education. The fundamental novelty of formulation and ways of solving the issue in this article is determined by taking into account the specifics of the digitalization stage in modern education and the features of university education technologies and techniques during the period of overcoming the consequences of the coronavirus epidemic.

scholarly journals Qualitative and Quantitative Assessment of Buckwheat Husks as a Material for Use in Therapeutic Mattresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1949
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Nawirska-Olszańska ◽  
Adam Figiel ◽  
Elżbieta Pląskowska ◽  
Jacek Twardowski ◽  
Elżbieta Gębarowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Condition ◽  
Ulcer Formation ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Buckwheat Husk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Storage

Buckwheat husks are used in many therapeutic products such as pillows, mattresses, seats, etc. This material is proposed by producers for example for discopathy, back pain and head vasomotor disorders. Our studies evaluated the impact of using cotton mattresses with buckwheat husk fillings on people’s health condition. The main research was carried out on the group of 60 people divided into 3 groups (1—people with skeletal system problems, 2—people spending a lot of time lying with the probability of pressure ulcer formation and 3—healthy people). In addition, different tests have been carried out on the possibility of colonization of mattresses by fungi, bacteria and arthropod pests, and rheological, chemical and flammability tests. The research material in the form of buckwheat husks was tested in a diverse way. All tests indicate high usefulness of husks for therapeutic activity. This material was contaminated with fungi, bacteria and pests at a very low level, related to the natural colonization of buckwheat nuts during harvest and storage. The quality of the husks was also confirmed in rheological, chemical and flammability studies. Finally, this has also been confirmed in surveys conducted on people with health problems. The analyses show that the buckwheat husk is an excellent material that can be used to fill prophylactic mattresses. This has been confirmed by the results of laboratory tests and opinions of respondents using mattresses filled with buckwheat husk.

scholarly journals Influence of environmental factors on the qualitative and quantitative parameters of male ejaculate (literature review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-534
Author(s):  
S.V. Khmil ◽  
O.Yu. Mayorova ◽  
I.V. Dudchuk
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Normal Morphology ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
The Impact

Today it is important to study the problem of male infertility, as well as to identify the factors of its occurrence. The purpose of the work is to evaluate the overall picture of the quality of ejaculate during the last 50 years and to determine the reasons for such changes. More than 40 literary sources were published for thorough analysis in the period 1984–2018 (the share of new references is 20%). There was a decrease in sperm concentration by 1.5% / year, total sperm count — 1.6% / year, total sperm motility — 0.4% / year, decrease in the percentage of progressive motility sperm by 5.5% / year and with normal morphology 2.2% / year. One of the main reasons for the deterioration of sperm quality is the impact of negative environmental factors — chemical and radioactive contamination, as well as electromagnetic radiation. Among the most toxic substances are the heavy metals, pesticides, bisphenol A, phthalates, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxin and its derivatives. Thus, over the last 50 years there has been a decline in the qualitative and quantitative indices of ejaculate men worldwide. One of the reasons is the worsening environmental situation.

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