scholarly journals Sustainability of the agroecosystem in the application of fertilizers and biopreparations

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-37
Author(s):  
A. A. Alferov ◽  
L. S. Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Maximum Permissible Level ◽  
Net Mineralization ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

The formation of biomass of spring wheat on sod-podzolic soil is mainly due to soil nitrogen, the share of which reaches 4/5 of the total removal of the element when using mineral fertilizers. Inoculation increases the nitrogen content of fertilizers by 4.5%, reduces losses by 7%; there is some tendency to increase the immobilization of N fertilizers. The sustainability of the agroecosystem is characterized by nitrogen flows. During the growing season of spring wheat, the amount of mineralized nitrogen depending on the fertilizer reached 17.4-18.0 g/m2, while the amount of remobilized nitrogen was 4.4-4.9 g/m2, net-mineralization (N-M) – 13.1 g/m2. The inoculation of RA seeds does not significantly affect the processes of mineralization (M) and remobilization (RI), only a positive trend of growth of mineralization and remobilization of nitrogen in the soil is observed. The use of nitrogen fertilizer leads agroecosystem in a resistant state-the zone of the maximum permissible level of exposure (RI:M=25%, N-M:RI=3.0). On average, over the years of research, inoculation of RA seeds does not change the indicators of sustainability of agroecosystem when applying fertilizers.

scholarly journals Agroecosystem Stability In Spring Wheat Crops With The Application Of Fertilizers And Microbial Biological Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
A A Alferov ◽  
L S Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Biological Products ◽  
Rhizosphere Microorganisms ◽  
Net Mineralization ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Abstract The formation of spring wheat biomass on sod-podzolic soil is carried out mainly due to soil nitrogen, the share of which reaches 1/3 of the total removal of the element when using mineral fertilizers. Inoculation of spring wheat seeds with biologics of rhizosphere microorganisms increases the nitrogen content of fertilizers to 7.3%, increases its immobilization by 5.9-6.7% and reduces losses by 7.4-13.9%. The stability of the agroecosystem is characterized by nitrogen flows. During the growing season of spring wheat with a hydrothermal coefficient of 1.55-1.72, the amount of mineralized nitrogen (mineralization (M)), depending on fertilizers, reaches 9.4-11.1 g/m2, while the reimobilized nitrogen (reimobilization (RI)) – 2.2-3.1 g/m2, net-mineralized (net-mineralization (N-M)) – 6.8 - 8.0 g/m2. The use of nitrogen fertilizers and biological products leads the agroecosystem to the resistance mode (the maximum permissible level of exposure) (RI : M = 27-28%, N-M : RI = 2.5-2.7).

scholarly journals Influence of mineral fertilizers on fertility of sod-podzolic soil, productivity and quality of grain crops

2017 ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Lyskova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Winter Rye ◽  
Basic Norm ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

Experiments were conducted in 2008.2015 in Kirov region. Effectiveness of liming, input of nitric (N90 kg/ha of acting matter) and increasing dozes of phosphoric fertilizers (50, 100, 150, and 200 kg/ha of acting matter) in complex with nitric-potassium fertilizers (90 kg/ha of acting matter each) on agronomical parameters of soil, productivity and grain quality of winter rye, spring wheat and oat was studied on stationary field experiment. In variant without liming and fertilizing significant acidification of soil was taken place (pH 3.9, Al 9.5 mg/100 g of soil) in compare with initial values (pH 4.5...4.7). Inputting N90P100-200K90 leads to increase in exchangeable and hydrolytic acidity, content of mobile aluminum (up to 13.6.15.4 mg/100 g, and phosphorus (up to 156.209 mg/kg on non-liming and 147.248 mg/kg on liming backgrounds at phosphorus concentration in soil solution 0.56.0.68 and 0.75.1.39 mg/l correspondingly). On the liming-free background, productivity of winter rye was in average 1.92, oat - 3.90, and wheat - 2.26 t/ha; liming increased productivity on 15.27, 13.29, and 16.32% correspondingly. Nitric fertilizers had significant influence in forming of addition yield. In variant N90 on the liming background 1.15 t/ha of winter rye grain, 1.6 t/ha of oat, and 0.78 t/ ha of wheat was gathered additionally and the highest recoupment of fertilezers with grain (12.6, 17.8, and 8.7 kg) was reached. Maximal levels in productivity of cereals obtained in variants with NPK input; tendency to increase in productivity because of increasing dozes of super-phosphate is marked on liming-free background. Nitric fertilizers significantly influenced on content of nitrogen, raw protein and gluten in spring wheat grain; correlation is marked between spring wheat productivity and content of raw protein (r = 0.79) and gluten (r = 0.78) in grain. Test weight of all crops was higher then basic norm independent on fertilizers input.

NITROGEN FLOWS IN AGROPHYTOCENOSIS ON SODDY-PODZOLIC SOIL (research with 15n )

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
А. А. Zavalin ◽  
О. А. Sokolov ◽  
N. Ya. Shmyreva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Stress Mode ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Micro-field experiment was carried out with the application of oats and timothy biomass, and nitrogen fertilizer marked by stable isotope of the 15N, and manure for the use of nitrogen by plants, and the flows of this element were analyzed in the system "fertilizer -soil-atmosphere". It was found that the barley consumes the most amount fertilizer nitrogen and soil nitrogen when applying a nitrogen mineral fertilizer; the consumption of the oats and timothy nitrogen biomass decreases by 18-36% and 6-36% respectively. Application of the oats and timothy biomass increases nitrogen immobilization in the soil and agrophytocenose resistance from 1.6 to 1.8 times, decreases gaseous losses of their nitrogen from 1.4 to 2.0 times in comparison with nitrogen fertilizer (stress mode). Manure application decreases nitrogen losses from the oats and timothy biomass by 1.6 times. Maximum yield of grain the barley forms when using nitrogen fertilizer as a result of its access in the soil. Application the cereal crops biomass either separately, or along with manure reduces the yield of barley by 30-13% compared with nitrogen fertilizers, which affect nitrogen flows in the agroecosystem.

Seasonal dynamics of lead content in sod-podzolic soil in dependence of mineral fertilizer application

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-243
Author(s):  
O. A. Cheglakova ◽  
L. N. Shikhova
Keyword(s):  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Lead Content ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Active Matter ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Active Mobilization

Influence of prolonged use of increasing doses of mineral fertilizers (NPK by 0-30-60-90-120-150 kg of active matter/ha) on contents and dynamics of acid-soluble and mobile compounds of lead in an arable layer of the sod-podsolic soil was studied during the growing season of 2016. It has been established that prolonged application of fertilizers significantly increases the content of mobile forms of the element in the soil at application of NPK in dozes of 30 and 150 kg of active matter / ha as compared to the control (average values are 0.57, 0.51, and 0.33, respectively). However, even prolonged application of large doses of mineral fertilizers does not lead to a significant increase in lead content in the arable horizons of the soil. Acid-soluble lead compounds range from 2.46 (N0P0K0) to 5.33 mg/kg (N150P150K150); the content of mobile lead compounds from 0.08 to 1.31 mg/kg of soil, respectively, at maximum acceptable concentration of 6.0 mg/kg. The content of acid-soluble and mobile lead compounds in arable horizons of sod-podzolic soil had a reliable dynamics during the growing season on all variants of the experiment. An increase in the content and acid-soluble and mobile compounds is usually observed in the first half of the growing season (end of May - beginning of June), which is probably due to the active mobilization of lead from slow-moving compounds as a result of the activation of microbiological activity under a favorable hydrothermal regime. In the same period, the portion of mobile fractions of lead to acid-soluble fractions increases. Application of increasing doses of fertilizers (30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg/ha of active matter) does not always show a reliable increase in the content of the element in the corresponding variant, which is obviously due to the influence of unaccounted factors. A clearer content dynamics is characteristic of mobile lead compounds.

scholarly journals Effect of fertilizers on the content of mineral nutrition elements in winter and spring wheat plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
A. M. Kudriawytzka ◽  
◽  
K. S. Karabach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The influence of systematic application of mineral fertilizers, on the background (BG) of the after-effect of 30 t on ha of manure, on the content of nutrients in spring wheat plants of “Myronivska Yara” regional variety and winter wheat plants of “Myronivska 61” variety, and on nutrients removal by plants, during cultivation on Meadow-Chernozemic Carbonate Soil, was studied. The results indicate a close relationship between external conditions and internal metabolic processes in winter and spring wheat plants. Thus, a balanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium provides a more intensive supply of these elements from the soil, what increases their content in plants. The highest content of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in winter wheat plants was observed in the variant, where 1.5 rate of mineral fertilizers was applied with the background of 30 t on ha of manure, in the tillering phase and was 4.86; 2.17; 3.48 %, respectively, what is almost 2 times higher, than the control. During the growing season, the nutrients content in all variants decreased. The same pattern was observed in plants of spring wheat. The maximum nutrients content was recorded in all variants in the phase of spring tillering, and also was recorded significant reduction in their adsorption from the soil and using by plants during the growing season. The content of total nitrogen in spring wheat plants in the tillering phase fluctuated in fertilized variants in the range of 2.21-2.51 %, compared with the control – 2.10 %; phosphorus – in the range of 1.20-1.47 %, compared with the content on the control – 1.04 %; potassium – 1.88-3.08 %, in the control, respectively – 1.68 %. The results of research indicate, that long-term application of fertilizers in crop rotation affects, as a result, also on the removal of nutrients with the crop. Thus, the removal of basic nutrients by plants of winter and spring wheat was the highest in the variant “BG + N110P120K120”. Under winter wheat it was 210 kg on ha N, 122 P2O5, 157 kg on ha K2O, compared with the control variant – 86.3 N, 48.2 P2O5, 57.8 kg on ha K2O. Under the spring wheat it was 119 N, 66.4 P2O5, 85.4 kg on ha K2O, and in control variant, respectively, – 46.6 N, 26.5 P2O5, 32.8 kg on ha K2O.

scholarly journals Influence of some factors on the production process of spring wheat plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Nikolai Vasetsky ◽  
Alexander Paramonov ◽  
Oksana Tseluyko ◽  
Andrey Fedyushkin ◽  
Sergey Pasko
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Negative Effect

The article shows that the productivity of spring wheat is determined by the total effect of a set of conditions, each of which affects the amount of products obtained. As a result of the research, it was found that the yield of spring wheat directly depends on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. The key factor affecting the increase in the productivity of crops when using mineral fertilizers is the amount of precipitation during the growing season. The use of mineral fertilizers can significantly increase the yield of spring wheat, reducing the negative effect of the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. So, when N60P30K60 was introduced, the yield increase in different climatic conditions of the research years was 9, 3 … 92, 8%. It was also found that the reproductive function of durum spring wheat is characterized by the fact that the total number of caryopses of a shoot spike and their total weight are in close proportional dependence on the value of its vegetative mass. In this case, the value of the grain-straw ratio is a consequence of the proportional dependence of the reproductive elements of the shoot (acceptors) of wheat on the size of its vegetative (donors) organs.

scholarly journals Fluxes of 15N, soil nitrogen in sod-podzolic soil in spring wheat crops under inoculation with Rhyzoagrin

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
A A Alferov ◽  
L S Chernova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Absolute Size ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

Abstract In a microfield experiment using a labeled nitrogen 15N fertilizer on sod-podzolic light loamy soil for 11 years during the cultivation of spring wheat and the use of a biological product based on a strain belonging to the genus Agrobakterium radiobakter (strain 204), nitrogen flows in the fertilizer – soil – plant system were studied. The utilization rate of spring wheat labeled with 15N ammonium nitrate averaged 40% of the amount applied. The absolute size of the immobilization in the structure of the labeled nitrogen balance of the mineral fertilizer was 27-30%. Inoculation with Rhyzoagrin does not significantly affect the nitrogen immobilization of the mineral fertilizer. The gaseous losses of labeled nitrogen of the mineral fertilizer were 33% of those applied to the background of the phosphorus and potash fertilizers and decreased with inoculation with Rhyzoagrin to 29%. The use of an integral assessment showed that the agroecosystem functioned in the resistance mode on sod-podzolic light-loamy soil when using mineral nitrogen fertilizer. The dependence of the indicator RI: M, % of the HTC (hydrothermal coefficient) expressed by the equation y = -24, 506x2 + 43,462 x + 15,251 at R2 = 0.7416 is established.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS OF THE VEGETATION PERIOD ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT GRAIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Fedyushkin ◽  
◽  
A. V. Paramonov ◽  
S. V. Pasko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Control Variant

Purpose: to reveal the influence of mineral fertilizers and hydrothermal conditions of the growing season on the yield and protein content in the spring wheat grain. Materials and methods. The research was carried out in Aksai district of Rostov region on the experimental field of Federal Rostov Agrarian Scientific Center (FRANTS). The objects of research are the yield and protein content in spring wheat grain, as well as the dose of mineral fertilizers. Testing, accounting and mathematical processing of the data obtained were carried out according to B. A. Dospekhov. Results. As a result of the research, it was found that the application of mineral fertilizers leads to a significant increase in the yield of spring wheat, regardless of the moisture supply of the growing season, the maximum increase was obtained with the introduction of N60P30K60. The application of mineral fertilizers leads not only to an increase in yield, but also to an increase in its dependence on the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. Data analysis using a multiple correlation coefficient showed that in the variants with the mineral fertilizers application there was a close direct relationship between the yield, SCC and the amount of precipitation (r = 0.79...0.88 according to the variants of the experiment), while in the control variant it was average in terms of influence (r = 0.63...0.64). The accumulation of protein in spring wheat grain is influenced by the combined effect of the meteorological conditions of the growing season and the mineral fertilizers used. The maximum effect of the SCC and the amount of precipitation that fell during the growing season on the protein content in wheat grain was obtained with the introduction of K60 (the parameter was 53.7 and 51.8 %, respectively). Conclusions. The application of mineral fertilizers can significantly increase the yield of spring wheat and regulate the protein content in grain, reducing the influence of the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season. The best results were obtained with the introduction of N60P30K60, which makes it possible to reduce the negative effect of meteorological conditions and increase the yield by 9.3–92.8 % in comparison with the control variant.

scholarly journals Nitrogen Flows and Sustainability of Agrosystem

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4961-4966
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Biological Product ◽  
Positive Tendency ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Nitrogen Flows

In the experiment through sod-podzolic soil, nitrogen flows were estimated in agrocoenosis when applied under spring wheat using 15N ammonium nitrate labeled with isotope and white mustard biomass as a siderate. It was established that the increase of grain yield from the use of N45 is 42%, the siderate – 58%, their joint introduction – 99%, from seed inoculation with the Rizoagrin biopreparation – 16%. 60 - 80% of spring wheat harvest is formed due to soil nitrogen, the share of "extra" nitrogen reaches 14%. Plants use 41% of ammonia nitrate nitrogen for crop formation, and 23% of the siderate. Seed inoculation with a biological product increases plant nitrogen intake of mineral fertilizer by 5 - 9%. 26% of ammonium nitrate nitrogen and 33% of siderate nitrogen are fixed in the soil, the biological product does not affect this process. Unaccounted losses of 15N mineral fertilizer make up 32% of the applied amount and reduced by 8% when adding ammonium nitrate and inoculating seeds. The loss of labeled siderate nitrogen is 25% of the amount deposited, the use of the biological product increases the nitrogen consumption of N-fertilizers and provides a positive tendency for green manure nitrogen to fix in the soil and reduces its loss by 4%. On sod-podzolic light loamy soil, agroecosystem functions in the homeostasis mode (norm) when using green manure, in the stress mode (permissible) – when sharing green manure and mineral nitrogen fertilizer. When using only ammonium nitrate, agroecosystem operates in resistance mode. Differences in the performance of agroecosystems among variants with the inoculation of spring wheat with Rizoagrin and without it have not been established.

Fertilization System as a Factor of Transforming the Humus State of the Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
V. Lopushniak
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Stable Forms

Aim. To establish the effect of different fertilization systems in short fi eld crop rotation on the change in the state of humus in the dark gray podzolic soils in Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field studies were carried out in a stationary experiment of the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of the L’viv National Agrarian University; determination of humus content – according to DSTU 4289:2004, and that of its labile forms – in accordance with DSTU 4732:2007, fraction-group composition – by Ponomare- va-Plotnikova’s method, according to the measurement procedure 31-497058-008-2002. Results. The use of organo-mineral fertilizer system in short fi eld crop rotation with the saturation of organic fertilizers of 15 t/ha of crop rotation contributes to the humus content increase by 0.7 % after the third rotation in 0–40 cm layer of dark gray podzolic soil, the increase in the share of stable forms of humic compounds up to 57–59 % and the increase in the ratio of R HA :R FA to 1.3–1.4. The study demonstrated very high dependence of amount of gross energy reserves in the humus on the R HA :R FA ratio. Conclusions. The combined application of organic fertili- zers in the form of manure, non-market of the crop (straw) and siderate, along with mineral fertilizers is re- commended in short fi eld crop rotations of Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine toensure expanded reproduction of fertility of dark gray podzolic soil, improvement of its humus status, increase in gross energy reserves and the share of the stable forms and humic acids in the humus.

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