scholarly journals INSIGHTS INTO INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES IN INTEGRATED CLUSTER MANAGEMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 155 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Victoriia H. Margasova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
National Level ◽  
Information Support ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Cluster Management ◽  
Cluster Development ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
The Eu

The article seeks to explore best practices of integrated cluster management in the EU countries. It is noted that modern business realia and business process internationalization have significantly raised the importance of cluster partnerships across the European Union member states. Given the factor of global competitiveness, the European Commission has begun to pay greater attention to the development of innovation capacity, primarily through closer interaction between industry clusters within the European Union. In this context, a number of projects and initiatives for the European intercluster partnerships development have been launched, along with implementing the European cluster programs that will promote the development of sectoral clusters and facilitate their entry into European markets by increasing the degree of their interaction. The purpose of this article is to provide insights into the European experience as to managing programs, initiatives and development trends in the area of integrated clusters. The study employs general scientific research methods, in particular, the method of logical generalization, methods of statistical analysis of EU initiatives and programs that foster cluster partnership building processes. The research findings on cluster partnership development programs in the EU have revealed the following key characteristics of successful cluster initiatives: harmonization of interests and specific needs of partnership participants, providing information support and lobbying; significance at both the regional and the national level; awareness of national executive authorities about cluster initiatives in the region or identification of promising areas for building cluster partnerships; participation in government targeted projects; active positioning at the regional, national and international levels; building a management team within a cluster framework, launching cluster development centres, etc. Based on the study results, it is observed that the modern settings of national industrial economy development have spurred the interest to cluster partnerships which are established to implement a common strategy. It is argued that the application of an international model of cluster partnership management, however successful it is, in the domestic realia will not necessarily lead to the desired outcomes, whereas the implementation of particular elements of best international practices in the context of shaping national cluster development patterns will allow using them as effective national economy drivers.

European experience in transition to circular economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 598-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Ratner
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
National Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
European Experience ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Eu

Subject. The article considers the concept of circular economy, which has originated relatively recently in the academic literature, and is now increasingly recognized in many countries at the national level. In the European Union, the transition to circular economy is viewed as an opportunity to improve competitiveness of the European Union, protect businesses from resource shortages and fluctuating prices for raw materials and supplies, and a way to increase employment and innovation. Objectives. The aim of the study is to analyze the incentives developed by the European Commission for moving to circular economy, and to assess their effectiveness on the basis of statistical analysis. Methods. I employ general scientific methods of research. Results. The analysis of the EU Action Plan for the Circular Economy enabled to conclude that the results of the recent research in circular economy barriers, eco-innovation, technology and infrastructure were successfully integrated into the framework of this document. Understanding the root causes holding back the circular economy development and the balanced combination of economic and administrative incentives strengthened the Action Plan, and it contributed to the circular economy development in the EU. Conclusions. The measures to stimulate the development of the circular economy proposed in the European Action Plan can be viewed as a prototype for designing similar strategies in other countries, including Russia. Meanwhile, a more detailed analysis of barriers to the circular economy at the level of individual countries and regions is needed.

Policy-Making in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
National Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Common ◽  
Key Events ◽  
The Eu

Policy-Making in the European Union explores the link between the modes and mechanisms of EU policy-making and its implementation at the national level. From defining the processes, institutions and modes through which policy-making operates, the text moves on to situate individual policies within these modes, detail their content, and analyse how they are implemented, navigating policy in all its complexities. The first part of the text examines processes, institutions, and the theoretical and analytical underpinnings of policy-making, while the second part considers a wide range of policy areas, from economics to the environment, and security to the single market. Throughout the text, theoretical approaches sit side by side with the reality of key events in the EU, including enlargement, the ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon, and the financial crisis and resulting Eurozone crisis, focusing on what determines how policies are made and implemented. This includes major developments such as the establishment of the European Stability Mechanism, the reform of the common agricultural policy, and new initiatives to promote EU energy security. In the final part, the chapters consider trends in EU policy-making and the challenges facing the EU.

scholarly journals Spatializing authoritarian neoliberalism by way of cultural politics: City, nation and the European Union in Gdańsk’s politics of cultural policy formation

2020 ◽  
pp. 239965442096523
Author(s):  
Thomas Borén ◽  
Patrycja Grzyś ◽  
Craig Young
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Cultural Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Policy Mobilities ◽  
The Eu

This paper develops perspectives which seek to spatialize authoritarian neoliberalism through arguing for greater engagement with the politics of urban cultural policy formation in the neglected context of post-socialist East and Central Europe. Through analyzing the politics of urban cultural policy-making in Gdańsk, Poland, the paper spatializes authoritarian neoliberalism by exploring how relations between the urban and the national, and between the urban and the supranational, shape urban cultural policy, drawing upon literatures on political economy, policy mobilities, cultural policy research, and the concepts of authoritarian neoliberalism and the relational-territorial nexus. Gdańsk is a liberally run city, strongly aligned with the European Union (EU), opposed to the authoritarian neoliberal national level politics in Poland. The paper analyses urban-national tensions and relationships between Gdańsk and the EU to unpack the contested spatial nature of authoritarian neoliberalism.

scholarly journals A Soil Erosion Indicator for Supporting Agricultural, Environmental and Climate Policies in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Panagos ◽  
Cristiano Ballabio ◽  
Jean Poesen ◽  
Emanuele Lugato ◽  
Simone Scarpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
National Level ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

Soil erosion is one of the eight threats in the Soil Thematic Strategy, the main policy instrument dedicated to soil protection in the European Union (EU). During the last decade, soil erosion indicators have been included in monitoring the performance of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study comes five years after the assessment of soil loss by water erosion in the EU [Environmental science & policy 54, 438–447 (2015)], where a soil erosion modelling baseline for 2010 was developed. Here, we present an update of the EU assessment of soil loss by water erosion for the year 2016. The estimated long-term average erosion rate decreased by 0.4% between 2010 and 2016. This small decrease of soil loss was due to a limited increase of applied soil conservation practices and land cover change observed at the EU level. The modelling results suggest that, currently, ca. 25% of the EU land has erosion rates higher than the recommended sustainable threshold (2 t ha−1 yr−1) and more than 6% of agricultural lands suffer from severe erosion (11 t ha−1 yr−1). The results suggest that a more incisive set of measures of soil conservation is needed to mitigate soil erosion across the EU. However, targeted measures are recommendable at regional and national level as soil erosion trends are diverse between countries which show heterogeneous application of conservation practices.

Extended Confiscation and the Proposed Directive on Freezing and Confiscation of Criminal Proceeds in the EU: On Striking a Balance between Efficiency, Fairness and Legal Certainty

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Boucht
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Target Area ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Proceeds Of Crime ◽  
Procedural Safeguards ◽  
The Eu

This article consists of a principled analysis of extended confiscation as a legal phenomenon according to Article 4 of the Proposal for a directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on the freezing and confiscation of proceeds of crime in the European Union (COM (2012) 85 final). The analysis aims at creating a theoretical framework by which the legitimacy of schemes on extended confiscation can be assessed, both at EU level and at national level. This model utilises three parameters of assessment: the target area of extended confiscation, procedural safeguards and fairness (proportionality). The Commission proposal is set against these parameters and a suggestion is made for how the provision in the proposal could be revised in order to better fulfil the conditions put forward.

Legal aspects of protection of the financial interests of the European Union

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Marta Miedzińska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Scope Of Protection ◽  
The Eu

The foundations and the operating framework of the institutions of the European Union and its Member States are determined by legal acts established at the EU level. The legal bases at the EU level contain key standards in the scope of protection of the financial interests of the European Union and are the main determinants for the individual EU countries when their legal institutions create legal bases at the national level. The aim of this article is to present the main legal basis for the protection of the financial interests of the European Union at the EU level, which will help to examine the impact of these provisions on detecting irregularities and fraud in the EU.

Sejm i Senat wobec wyzwań Unii Europejskiej

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 103-114
Author(s):  
Ilona Grądzka
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
International Organization ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
International Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Eu

The article’s goal is to present the consequences of Polish membership in the European Union (EU) for the functioning of the Polish Sejm and Senate at the national and international level. Polish accession to the European Union resulted in changes to the scope of competences of certain organs of the Republic of Poland. This was related to the transfer of specific state competences to an international organization and it applied, in particular, to the Polish Parliament (the Sejm and Senate) which has lost its primary role as legislator of laws applicable in Poland. In order to avoid the marginalization of national parliaments in the EU decision-making process, appropriate legal measures have been introduced at the national and international level. Additionally, after the Treaty of Lisbon entered into force, national parliaments have received new competences which allowed them to exist on the forum of the European Union. The article puts forward the thesis that the Polish Sejm and Senate have lost their position as main legislative bodies at the national level but, at the same time, they have acquired a new European function which can neither be qualified as traditionally understood legislative nor controlling functions.

scholarly journals The normative origins of democracy in the European Union: toward a transformationalist theory of democratization

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Schimmelfennig
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
National Level ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Democratic Community ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Community Norms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
State Context ◽  
The Eu

Institutional democratization has made considerable progress in the history of the European Union (EU). Mainstream theories of democratization, however, fail to capture this process because they are wedded to the nation-state context. This paper therefore proposes a transformationalist theory of democratization beyond the state. EU democratization results from the conflict about the redistribution of political competences between institutional actors in a multilevel system, in which liberal democracy is the shared norm of legitimate authority. To the extent that institutional actors, who push for further integration in order to increase efficiency, undermine existing democratic institutions at the national level, their competitors can put into question the legitimacy of integration by invoking the shared liberal democratic community norms and shame them into making democratic concessions. The normative origins of democracy in the EU are illustrated in case studies on democratic membership conditionality, legislative rights of the European Parliament, and the institutionalization of human rights in the EU.

Best practices in communicating about the European Union

2017 ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Jas-Koziarkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

The paper analyses the determinants of communication and teaching about the European Union. The article was based on data collected through in-depth focused interviews. Its aim was to identify the challenges that are associated with carrying out educational and communication tasks of the EU and to learn about best practices in this area. In the opinion of the participants, the activity, in order to be considered worthy of imitation, should be addressed to specific, defined audience groups. Children and adolescents were defined as the most important. The examples of best practices include those related to education, the activities of EU information centres and public speeches.

Kryzys modernizacyjny a działania Unii Europejskiej na rzecz wzrostu gospodarczo-społecznego

2015 ◽  
pp. 96-121
Author(s):  
Justyna Miecznikowska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
The European Union ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
The Eu

The purpose of the analysis is to demonstrate, in the historical perspective covering the period between 2000 and 2014, the series of modernisation efforts, undertaken within the European Union, which aimed at increasing the rationality of economic and social processes occurring in the single European market. The assumption was that a thorough examination of the current process of EU reforms would allow for the identification of sources of the modernisation crisis. The adopted research hypothesis assumes that the present modernisation crisis is a consequence of the weakness of European governance and insufficient adaptation of the EU policy instruments to the constantly changing political and economic challenges, such as globalisation, territorial expansion and the global financial crisis. Effective modernisation of the European Union is hindered by the manner of implementation of EU’s tasks and objectives at the national level (based on the open method of coordination) and challenged by the interstate competition escalating within the EU in times of economic downturn and arising from the divergent interpretations of national interests. The present modernisation crisis manifests itself in the failure to comply with the adopted economic and social development strategies and the threat of regressive changes.

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