scholarly journals Evolución de un sector costero durante la Alta Edad Media en el NW de la Península Ibérica

2015 ◽  
pp. 27-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebeca Tallón-Armada ◽  
Manuela Costa-Casais ◽  
Teresa Taboada Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Ría De Vigo ◽  
Rosalia De Castro ◽  
Península Ibérica

En el presente trabajo se estudia la evolución de un tramo costero de la Ría de Vigo (NW de la península Ibérica) desde época romana hasta el siglo XVII, prestando particular atención a la Alta Edad Media. Desde el punto de vista arqueológico, la importancia del sector radica en la presencia de una salina de época romana, en uso desde los siglos II BC a III-IV AD, y su abandono para dar paso a la instauración de una iglesia y una necrópolis en la Alta Edad Media (a partir de los siglos IV-V AD). Se muestrearon, con alta resolución, tres secuencias edafo-sedimentarias y se analizaron diversas propiedades físico-químicas (pH, granulometría, contenido en C, N, S, P, Fe, As) y la composición mineralógica, con el fin de determinar la naturaleza de las distintas facies presentes, los procesos implicados y las causas asociadas. Los resultados indican modificaciones en la costa entre finales del periodo romano y comienzos de la Alta Edad Media, con unaevolución del medio desde una dinámica costera, con formaciones de marisma-lagoon costero, a una dinámica eólica, con dunas. Dicho cambio es coincidente con el cese de la explotación romana de sal y el inicio del periodo Frío Altomedieval. Estos resultados son similares a los encontrados en otros puntos de la Ría de Vigo. En los tres sectores comparados (Rosalía de Castro, Toralla y Hospital), a la par que se produce la progradación de las formaciones de marisma y duna, el uso antrópico del sector cambia. Aunque la pauta climática presenta un papel importante en la evolución de este sector, los cambios en la línea de costa que se detectan entre ambos periodos culturales pudo estar determinada también por causas socioecómicas. Evolution of a coastal area during the early Middle Ages in the NW of the Iberian Peninsula - This paper focuses on the evolution of a coastal stretch of the Ria de Vigo (NW Iberian Peninsula) during the early Middle Ages, which presents an important archaeological site with a roman salt mine. Salt exploitation in the Roman period ceased around the AD 3rd-5th centuries, and was followed by the establishment of a churcheand a cemetery during the Middle Ages. The properties (pH, grain size, C, N, S, P, Fe and As, and mineralogicalcomposition) of three pedo-sedimentary sequences were analysed in order to identify the different environmental changes that affected this sector. The results suggest signifcant changes occurred in the coast from the late Roman period (AD 3rth-5th centuries) into the early Middle Ages (AD 5th-6th centuries), with an evolution from a marine-continental dynamics, with formation of salt marshes, to a wind dynamics, with dune formations. This change is consistent with the abandonment of the Roman salt exploitation and the beginning of Cold Dark Ages. These results are similar to those found in other areas of the Ría de Vigo. In the three sectors compared (Rosalia de Castro, Toralla and Hospital) land use changed while the progradation of marsh and dune formations occurred. Although climate may have played a major role in the evolution of this sector, the changes in the coastline between the two cultural periods could be also related to socio-economic causes.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF SECURITY WORKS AT MGK-2/6-3 SITE IN 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 283-287
Author(s):  
SAIBERT V. ◽  
◽  
Grushin S. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Altai Region ◽  
Animal Bones

The article is devoted to the results of studies of the Maly Gonbinsky Cordon-2/6 complex, located in the Talmenskiy district of the Altai Region in 2019. At the previously recorded destroyed area of the archaeological site, rescue operations were carried out and an excavation was laid at the 48 sq. m. Excavations have investigated two objects - a dwelling and the end of the ditch with a structure above it. The dwelling discovered during the excavations most likely represented a structure deepened into the ground, the structure above the ditch had a sub-square shape in the center of which a trapezoidal ditch was fixed in section. In the course of the work, a ceramic complex was obtained, represented by round-bottomed vessels with a rim bent outward, and also several fragments of indeterminate animal bones and horse teeth were recorded. Based on the material found, the site can be preliminarily attributed to the 2nd half of the 5th - 6th centuries AD. Culturally, the ceramic complex belongs to the Odintsovo culture. Keywords: ancient settlements, emergency excavations, preservation of sites, early Middle Ages

scholarly journals From the Light and into the Dark: the Transformation to the Early Middle Ages

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arrush Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Rural Life ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Italian Peninsula ◽  
Mediterranean World ◽  
Decentralized Governance ◽  
The City ◽  
The Middle Ages

From a historic perspective, the period of Roman rule and the following Middle Ages are polar opposites. For most, the city of Rome and the Western Roman Empire represent a time of advancement for the Mediterranean world while the Middle Ages are viewed as a regression of sorts for Europe. The reasons explaining the underlying cause of this transition from the Western Roman Empire to the Middle Ages are numerous but this paper will specifically focus on the practices started by the Romans themselves and how they contributed to the rise of the Early Middle Ages on the Italian Peninsula. More specifically, economic turmoil and urbanization following the 3rd century crisis in the city of Rome laid the groundwork for social, legislative, and political changes that thread the path to the fundamental characteristics of the Middle Ages. Changing views of the city and the countryside, the construction of latifundia and villas, and the passing of legislation that restricted the rights of laborers, in addition to other transformations in late Rome, all contributed to the decentralized governance, rural life, and serfdom that are characteristic of the Middle Ages. Ultimately, the goal of this paper is to illustrate that despite the major differences that exist between the Roman period and the Middle Ages, the practices of the late Western Roman Empire were often directly carried over into the Middle Ages and, as a result, for one to truly understand the origins of the Middle Ages, it is essential to comprehend the traditions started by the late Romans.

Educated Wandering Jews, 800–1250

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristella Botticini ◽  
Zvi Eckstein
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Jewish Diaspora ◽  
Medieval Europe ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Vast Territory

This chapter shows that once the Jews became literate, urban, and engaged in skilled occupations, they began migrating within the vast territory under Muslim rule—stretching from the Iberian Peninsula to India during the eighth through the twelfth centuries, and from the Byzantine Empire to western Europe via Italy and within western Europe in the ninth through the thirteenth centuries. In early medieval Europe, the revival of trade concomitant with the Commercial Revolution and the growth of an urban and commercial economy paralleled the vast urbanization and the growth of trade that had occurred in the Umayyad and Abbasid caliphates four to five centuries earlier. The Jewish diaspora during the early Middle Ages was mainly the outcome of literate Jewish craftsmen, shopkeepers, traders, scholars, teachers, physicians, and moneylenders migrating in search of business opportunities to reap returns on their investment in literacy and education.

scholarly journals Enterramientos Infantiles Altomedievales en La Cabilda, Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid. Early Middle Ages infant burials in La Cabilda, Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid (Spain)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Rosario Gomez Osuna
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Granite Rock

Se presentan tres inhumaciones infantiles documentadas en el yacimiento Altomedieval de La Cabilda, Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid, en la campaña de excavaciones del año 2017. Tienen la peculiaridad de localizarse asociadas a una estructura no funeraria, habitacional y de carácter auxiliar. El yacimiento de La Cabilda es un asentamiento aldeano rural situado en el pie de la Sierra de Guadarrama, con cronologías del siglo VII d.C. Cuenta con 23 estructuras de habitación y productivas, y con enterramientos dispersos en sepulturas excavadas en roca granítica, de tipo ovalado, en las proximidades de los edificios. Para la interpretación de las tumbas infantiles aparecidas y del espacio funerario elegido, se realiza un análisis de datos conocidos sobre este tipo singular de enterramientos y se incluyen ejemplos de inhumaciones infantiles de similar cronología de los yacimientos Altomedievales de la Sierra de Guadarrama.Results of the study of three infant burials located in the Early Middle Ages archaeological site of La Cabilda, Hoyo de Manzanares, Madrid (Spain), as found during the excavation campaign of 2017. The burials have the peculiarity of being linked to an auxiliar dwelling structure, not associated with funerary purposes.The La Cabilda archaeological site, in Hoyo de Manzanares, corresponds to a farming settlement dated in the 7th century CE and located at the hem of Madrid’s Guadarrama Mountain Range. The site is comprised of 23 farming and housing building structures with additional scattered burials, oval-shaped and excavated in granite rock, located in the vicinity of the buildings.In order to interpret the infant burials and their associated funerary area, we perform an analysis of known data on this type of sepultures, including examples of other, similarly dated, infant burials found in Early Middle Ages archaeological sites in the Guadarrama Mountain Range.

Die Iberische Halbinsel im frühen Mittelalter: Ausgangspunkt für interkulturelle Kontakte zwischen den Ottonen und den andalusischen Muslimen

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-418
Author(s):  
Albrecht Classen
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Political ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
The World ◽  
Iberische Halbinsel ◽  
The Alps

Abstract In light of two new strands of research, this study’s focus on the contacts between the world of the Iberian Peninsula in the premodern world, and the interest in Christian-Muslim relations globally, brings together two related texts from the early Middle Ages that illustrate a significant proximity between both cultures. Hrotsvit von Gandersheim’s “Pelagius” and the contemporary vita of the abbot Johannes of Gorze demonstrate that 10th-century Christian audiences north of the Alps were considerably informed about the situation in the Iberian Peninsula and made significant efforts to learn about the political and religious conditions there. Together, the literary account and the biographical narrative confirm a much more open exchange between both worlds than has previously been assumed.

scholarly journals Shedding Light on the Dark Ages: Sketching Potential Trade Relationships in Early Medieval Romania through Mitochondrial DNA Analysis of Sheep Remains

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Arina Acatrinei ◽  
Ioana Rusu ◽  
Cristina Mircea ◽  
Cezara Zagrean-Tuza ◽  
Emese Gál ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Near East ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Early Middle Ages

Southeast Europe has played an important role in shaping the genetic diversity of sheep due to its proximity to the Danubian route of transport from the Near East into Europe, as well as its possible role as a post-domestication migration network and long tradition of sheep breeding. The history of Romania and, in particular, the historical province of Dobruja, located on the shore of the Black Sea, has been influenced by its geographical position at the intersection between the great powers of the Near East and mainland Europe, with the Middle Ages being an especially animated time in terms of trade, migration, and conflict. In this study, we analyzed the mitochondrial control region of five sheep originating from the Capidava archaeological site (Dobruja, Southeast Romania), radiocarbon dated to the Early Middle Ages (5th–10th century AD), in order to better understand the genetic diversity of local sheep populations and human practices in relation to this particular livestock species. The analyses illustrate high haplotype diversity in local medieval sheep, as well as possible genetic continuity in the region. A higher tendency for North to South interaction, rather than East to West, is apparent, together with a lack of interaction along the Asian route. Continuous interaction between the First Bulgarian Empire, which occupied Dobruja starting with the 7th century AD, and the Byzantine Empire is indicated. These results might suggest expanding trade in Southeast Romania in the Early Middle Ages.

scholarly journals Luxury tableware? Terra sigillata in the coastal region of the northern Netherlands

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-110
Author(s):  
Annet Nieuwhof ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
Spindle Whorls ◽  
Symbolic Value

With thousands of finds, Roman terra sigillata (TS) is a common find category in terp settlements of the Northern Netherlands. It is traditionally interpreted as luxury tableware of the local elites, who acquired it through their contacts with Romans, or who were able to buy it from traders who came to this area with their merchandise. This paper questions that interpretation. The reason is that the far majority of TS is found as sherds, which, despite their good recognisability, only rarely fit other sherds. Moreover, many of these sherds are worked or used in some way. They were made into pendants, spindle whorls and playing counters, or show traces of deliberate breakage and of use for unknown purposes. Such traces are found on 70–80% of the sherds. The meaning of TS hence seems to have been symbolic rather than functional. Rather than as luxury tableware, TS may have been valued for the sake of the material itself, and may have been imported as sherds rather than as complete vessels. A symbolic value also shows from its long-term use. Used or worked TS sherds from the 2nd and 3rd century AD are often found in finds assemblages that may be interpreted as ritual deposits, not only from the Roman Period but also from the early Middle Ages. There are striking parallels for such use in early modern colonial contexts. TS sherds may have been part of the diplomatic gifts by which the Romans attempted to keep peace north of the limes, or may even have been payments for local products. These sherds might thus be comparable to the trade beads of early-modern European colonial traders.

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