scholarly journals Compact power dividers

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Luu Quang ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Power Dividers ◽  
Negative Point ◽  
Conventional Design ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Quarter Wave

This article describes a range of compact power dividers - quarter-wave directional couplers, ring divider and Wilkinson coupler. Power dividers in their standard design can take up a significant area at low frequencies. This can adversely affect their use in some applications. Therefore, to eliminate this drawback, instead of the usual sections, we used artificial transmission lines, which consist of inductance and capacitance in a microstrip design. Using this approach, constructions of compact divisors were obtained. So the directional coupler on such lines has an area of 78.8% less than that of a conventional design, a ring divider by 80.3% and a Wilkinson coupler by 67.7%. For all compact designs, a negative point should be noted - this is a narrowing of the frequency band.

Compact filtering power dividers with wide upper stopband

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 765-773
Author(s):  
Gaoya Dong ◽  
Weimin Wang ◽  
Yuanan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Wave Transmission ◽  
Coupling Matrix ◽  
Power Dividers ◽  
Full Wave ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Coupled Lines ◽  
Quarter Wave ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractA series of compact filtering power dividers (FPDs) with simple layouts are proposed based on coupling topology. The structure of the presented FPD1 is composed of three resonators and one isolating resistor. These FPDs can be designed based on coupling matrix filter theory. A half-wave transmission line is employed in FPD2 to introduce a transmission zero (TZ) locating at 1.27f0. The FPD3 is designed by replacing quarter-wave transmission lines in FPD2 with quarter-wave coupled lines, which will produce a TZ locating at 1.96 f0 and extend upper stopband bandwidth. For verification, three FPDs centered at 2.45 GHz are fabricated and measured. All measured results are in good agreement with the full-wave simulation results.

180° Power Dividers Using Metamaterial Transmission Lines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kholodnyak ◽  
Polina Kapitanova ◽  
Stefan Humbla ◽  
Ruben Perrone ◽  
Jens Mueller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Dividers

Regional Lg attenuation for the continental United States

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harley M. Benz ◽  
Arthur Frankel ◽  
David M. Boore
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Basin And Range ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Basin And Range Province ◽  
Frequency Dependent ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Q Function

Abstract Measurements of the Fourier amplitude spectra of Lg phases recorded at high frequency (0.5 to 14.0 Hz) by broadband seismic stations are used to determine regional attenuation relationships for southern California, the Basin and Range Province, the central United States, and the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. Fourier spectral amplitudes were measured every quarter octave from Lg phases windowed between 3.0 and 3.7 km sec−1 and recorded in the distance range of 150 to 1000 km. Attenuation at each frequency is determined by assuming a geometrical spreading exponent of 0.5 and inverting for Q and source and receiver terms. Both southern California and the Basin and Range Province are well described by low Lg Q and frequency-dependent attenuation. Lg spectral amplitudes in southern California are fit at low frequencies (0.625 to 0.875 Hz) by a constant Lg Q of 224 and by a frequency-dependent Lg Q function Q = 187−7+7f0.55(±0.03) in the frequency band 1.0 to 7.0 Hz. The Basin and Range Province is characterized by a constant Lg Q of 192 for frequencies of 0.5 to 0.875 Hz and by the frequency-dependent Lg Q function Q = 235−11+11f0.56(±0.04) in the frequency band 1.0 to 5.0 Hz. A change in frequency dependence above 5.0 Hz is possible due to contamination of the Lg window by Pn and Sn phases. Lg spectral amplitudes in the central United States are fit by a mean frequency-independent Lg Q of 1291 for frequencies of 1.5 to 7.0 Hz, while a frequency-dependent Lg Q of Q = 1052−83+91(f/1.5)0.22(±0.06) fits the Lg spectral amplitudes for the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada over the passband 1.5 to 14.0 Hz. Attenuation measurements for these areas were restricted to frequencies >1.5 Hz due to larger microseismic noise levels at the lower frequencies.

scholarly journals Theory and Design of a Flexible Two-Stage Wideband Wilkinson Power Divider

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (17) ◽  
pp. 2168
Author(s):  
Antra Saxena ◽  
Mohammad Hashmi ◽  
Deepayan Banerjee ◽  
Muhammad Akmal Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Function ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Quarter Wave ◽  
Band Pass ◽  
Wilkinson Power Divider

This article presents the design scheme of a wideband Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) with two-stage architecture utilizing quarter-wave transmission lines and short-circuit stubs. The bandwidth of the proposed WPD is flexible and can be controlled using the design parameters. The proposed design achieves excellent isolation between output ports in addition good in-band performance. The analysis of the proposed circuit results in a simplified transfer function which is then equated with a standard band-pass transfer function to determine the parameters of transmission lines, stub’s impedances, and the value of the isolation resistors. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that a simple alteration in the proposed circuit enables the design of a wideband DC isolated WPD that maintains a good in-band and isolation performance. A number of case studies have been included to highlight the flexibility of the proposed design. Two distinct prototypes are developed on different boards to demonstrate the wideband performance of the proposed design. An excellent agreement between the experimental and measured results for both the designs over a wide band including very good isolation between ports validate the proposed design.

Ka-band surface-mount directional coupler fabricated using micro-rectangular coaxial transmission lines

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Vanhille ◽  
Jean-Marc Rollin ◽  
Sebastien Rondineau ◽  
John O'Brien ◽  
Joseph Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Ka Band ◽  
Surface Mount

Acceleration time series resulting from repetitive extension-flexion of the hand

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Band ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Hand Tremor ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Normal Hand ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Oscillation Frequencies

Power, or variance, spectra of acceleration records obtained from normal subjects during extension-flexion oscillations of a hand at frequencies between 0.5–5.0 Hz generally contained two or three frequency bands. Partial separation of these oscillations in the time domain was obtained using the method of digital filtering (smoothing). In general, the peak frequency of the lowest frequency band occurred at, or nearly at, the frequency that the subject attempted to maintain during a 16-s digitization period. Consideration of absolute frequencies and the effect of mass on frequency indicated that one of the higher frequency bands was the result of normal hand tremor. For low frequencies of voluntary oscillation (0.5–1.25 Hz), a second, higher frequency band occurred with a peak frequency (3.0–4.25 Hz) within the range (3–6 Hz) usually reported for abnormal hand tremor. For voluntary oscillation frequencies above about 1.5 Hz, this second, higher frequency oscillation generally occurred at twice the frequency of the voluntary oscillation.

scholarly journals Highly Unequal Three-Port Power Divider: Theory and Implementation

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duolong Wu ◽  
Adriana Serban ◽  
Magnus Karlsson ◽  
Shaofang Gong
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Directional Coupler ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Power Divider ◽  
Electromagnetic Simulation ◽  
Planar Form ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Wilkinson Power Divider ◽  
Good Agreement

A three-port power divider consisting of a directional coupler, a Wilkinson power divider, and two transmission lines connected to them is proposed. Theoretical analysis reveals that highly unequal power division can be achieved by a feedback mechanism of two transmission lines along with the coupling coefficient of the directional coupler and the power division ratio of the Wilkinson power divider. The three-port power divider inherits the performance characteristics of high isolation, low reflection coefficients at all ports, and the minimum number of components. The proposed power divider is designed at 5.8 GHz and fabricated and evaluated through measurements. It demonstrates that electromagnetic simulation results are in good agreement with theoretical prediction and measurement results. The three-port power divider is compact in the planar form, so it can be easily integrated into radio frequency front ends.

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