scholarly journals USE OF POSITIVE EXPERIENCE OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES IN REGULATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT MARKETS IN UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petro Kutsyk ◽  
◽  
Oksana Senyshyn ◽  
Oleksandr Kundytskyj ◽  
Marta Zlydnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Product Markets

scholarly journals Contribution of livestock to food production in developing countries

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Hank Fitzhugh
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Livestock Products

On a global basis, livestock products - meat, milk, eggs and fibre - account for 40% of the value of total marketed agricultural product. Animal products provide essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals to help ensure nutritionally balanced diets. In developing countries, livestock traction and manure also contribute to food production through improved cultivation and soil fertility which increase crop yields. On average, the proportional contribution of livestock product to dietary calories and protein in developed countries is double that for developing countries. Demand for livestock products is fuelled by the population increase, income growth and urbanisation in developing countries. Therefore, over the past decade, consumption of livestock product has sharply increased in developing countries, while slightly decreasing in developed countries where consumption is already relatively high on average. Increased demand in developing countries increases income for producers, but also stresses the environment through pollution, soil erosion, overgrazing and deforestation. Research involving global partnerships of scientists and institutes can help ensure that the increased demands for livestock product in developing countries will be met in economically feasible and environmentally sustainable ways.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Contractual Arrangements in Private Agricultural Product Markets

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 813
Author(s):  
Haleigh Boyd ◽  
Lewis Evans ◽  
Neil Quigley
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Product Markets ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Contractual Arrangements ◽  
Production Variability ◽  
The Individual

The electronic and information revolution is changing virtually all aspects of economic and social life, no more so than in the ability of firms of all sizes to make their mark in production and exporting. The ready access to vast information and the lower costs that now attend dealing with other firms have opened opportunities that never before would have been cost-effective at the individual firm level. These firms have to contract with other firms for all sorts of purposes. Because of the small size of agricultural and horticultural producers and special problems of seasonal production, variability in production and price, and product perishability, some of the most challenging contracts are in this sector.Co-operatives provide a vehicle for the vertical integration of production and processing in agriculture. The producers provide capital for and control the processing entity so that their interests are aligned. Returns to producers bundle together the commodity price and the return from the capital invested in processing.Many of the agricultural product markets in New Zealand operate within this co-operative structure, and in the case of the dairy industry, it is supported by statute. The forestry, wine and processed vegetable industries are notable exceptions in that these industries employ contracts between producers and processors as an alternative to vertical integration via co-operatives.In this article, we use examples of contracts between producers and processors in the forestry, wine and processed vegetable markets to consider the extent to which contracts may provide efficient vehicles for the alignment of interests between producers and processors in agricultural markets. We consider the ways in which these contracts:•Minimise transaction costs;•Use incentive mechanisms and monitoring to limit opportunism;•Allocate risk;•Facilitate investment in specific assets; and•Allocate property rights.We assess the implications of the annual crop cycles and perishability of grapes and vegetables with the longer crop cycles of forestry. We conclude that contracts appear to be viable alternatives to co-operative structures, even in the market for perishable agricultural products.

scholarly journals Innovative development of the meat industry in BRICS for the environment improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (2) ◽  
pp. 022080
Author(s):  
L Shabalina ◽  
L Kopteva ◽  
A Budagov
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
Alternative Protein

Abstract Global trends in food provision indicate the consumption of meat is increasing. The world’s population will reach 9.8 billion people by 2050, this leads to the predominance and growth of livestock rates over crop production in developed countries, where livestock products account for up to 60% of the gross agricultural product, as a result, that will facilitate the environment and climate change. Developing an alternative protein becomes the only remedy, since traditional production is unable to meet the growing demand for meat as almost 70% of total agricultural land is already occupied by traditional farming. Accounted facts prove the necessity in innovative development of meat industry in BRICS countries. The analysis of meat consumption in BRICS countries in 1995-2020 was carried out. It is determined over the past twenty-five years, the average per capita consumption of meat has increased by 1.8 times, while 25% of the world’s population lives in the studied countries. The negative impact of livestock breeding on the environment was revealed, explained by the high consumption of water and land resources as well as methane emissions into the atmosphere. BRICS meat industry innovative development based on alternative protein is argued and proven.

scholarly journals REHABILITATION OF THE NAZI REGIME, ITS SUPPORTERS AND ACCOMPLICES IN THE EUROPEAN CINEMATOGRAPHY: CURRENT STATE AND NEW TRENDS IN DEVELOPING MEMORY POLICIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Sergey I Belov
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Motion Pictures ◽  
War Crimes ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Nazi Regime ◽  
Current State ◽  
Expert Community

The presented study is dedicated to the rehabilitation of the Nazi regime, its supporters and accomplices in modern cinema as part of the memory policy. The relevance of this work is determined by the growing influence of ultra-right politicians in a number of economically developed countries, an increase in the number of memorial wars due to the rehabilitation of Nazism accomplices and the spread of right-wing radicalism in the United States and European Union states. The aim of the study is the evaluation of the rehabilitation practices of Nazism and its supporters in new motion pictures, which have not been previously studied by representatives of the expert community from this perspective. Indirect apologetics of the Nazis and their adherents, including representatives of organizations recognized as criminal in accordance with the decision of the Nürnberg Tribunal, are widespread in modern cinema. The thesis is being promoted that even numerous members of organizations recognized as criminal secretly opposed the Nazi regime. Cooperation is considered as a necessary measure. The audience gets the impression that even highranking representatives of the army leadership were not aware of war crimes. People who for many years supported Hitler’s regime are shown as its victims. There have been attempts to re-evaluate certain aspects of the Nazi regime as a positive experience, in a way of referring to actual matters nowadays.

Economic Consequences of Following the Nathaniel Bumpo and Nick Adams Trails

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Pobyvaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Hunting And Fishing

In the proposed paper, the authors consider one of the directions of non-raw material economic development: the prospects for the outdoor recreation industry, and in particular the sub-industry of hunting, fishing and watching. According to the authors, the development of these industries can bring an increase in economic turnover by an amount comparable to the amount of income from the export of Russian arms. The authors consider the positive experience of the development of the outdoor recreation industry in a number of developed countries. In addition, the authors believe that the development of the outdoor recreation industry can contribute to solving such problems as improving the health of the population, consolidating the population in hard-to-reach and remote areas, and increasing the country's reputation capital due to inbound ecological hunting and fishing tourism.

Föderalismus und Entwicklungsländer: Ist Dezentralisierung ein geeignetes Instrument der Entwicklungspolitik?

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-356
Author(s):  
Christian Leßmann ◽  
Gunther Markwardt
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
International Development ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Fiscal Decentralization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Development Organizations

AbstractThis paper analyzes decentralization as an instrument of development policy. The positive experience of high developed countries with federal government structures has shifted the focus of international development organizations to decentralization. In particular, decentralization should promote economic prosperity and reduce corruption. This paper argues, however, that the particular institutional framework of developing countries should be taken into account. This study demonstrates that fiscal decentralization tends to harm the effectiveness of foreign aid, whereas forms of political decentralization are less problematic. Moreover, decentralization can increase corruption in less liberal countries. In light of these findings, national and international development agencies should carefully consider potential negative consequences from decentralization.

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