scholarly journals Analyzing the thermostabilization systems of lithi-um-ion traction batteries of electric vehicles

2021 ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Georgy Serikov ◽  
Irina Serikova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
Microprocessor System ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Temperature Stabilization ◽  
Heating Unit ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Battery Capacity

Problem. Possible implementations of thermal stabilization systems for traction batteries of electric vehicles are considered. The analysis of possibilities to increase the efficiency of using lithium-ion rechargeable batteries at the expense of their temperature stabilization is carried out. The influence of the temperature factor on the useful capacity of traction batteries is shown. The microcontroller system of temperature stabilization of double action with function of the timer allowing to establish prematurely a mode of both cooling, and heating of storage batteries is offered. Methodology. The methods of theoretical basic electrical engineering have been developed in the production and calculation of circuits as well as the classical methods of statistics of signals from ADC. Results. The technique of processing information from the current, voltage and temperature sensors using a mathematical apparatus without using harmonic analysis is presented. The hardware implementation of the proposed method allows the use of simplified computing tools. Originality. Complex analysis of the data obtained from the current, voltage and temperature sensors is carried out. During the analysis, the range of velocities with stable operation of the measurement system was determined. Based on the data obtained, it is concluded that the use of a horn antenna as a concentrator substantially eliminates lateral interference and extends the range of possible velocity measurements. It is shown that the level of sampling significantly affects the upper limit of the measurement temperature. Practical value. The following results were obtained: - minimizing the harmful effects of negative temperatures on the battery capacity is possible through the use of preheating; - the system of temperature stabilization should be performed with the possibility of reversing the mode of circulation of thermal energy; - simplification of the process of determining the temperature is possible due to indirect measurements of the internal resistance of the heater; - in the case of pulse-width  control, the service life of the heaters increases, and the heating time is reduced at constant power consumption; - application of the microprocessor system allows to increase functionality and flexibility of adjustment of the heating unit under various traction batteries.

scholarly journals Current Trends for State-of-Charge (SoC) Estimation in Lithium-Ion Battery Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3284
Author(s):  
Ingvild B. Espedal ◽  
Asanthi Jinasena ◽  
Odne S. Burheim ◽  
Jacob J. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Research Area ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Battery Management ◽  
Soc Estimation ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Battery Management Systems ◽  
Active Research

Energy storage systems (ESSs) are critically important for the future of electric vehicles. Despite this, the safety and management of ESSs require improvement. Battery management systems (BMSs) are vital components in ESS systems for Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). One parameter that is included in the BMS is the state-of-charge (SoC) of the battery. SoC has become an active research area in recent years for battery electric vehicle (BEV) LIBs, yet there are some challenges: the LIB configuration is nonlinear, making it hard to model correctly; it is difficult to assess internal environments of a LIB (and this can be different in laboratory conditions compared to real-world conditions); and these discrepancies can lead to raising the instability of the LIB. Therefore, further advancement is required in order to have higher accuracy in SoC estimation in BEV LIBs. SoC estimation is a key BMS feature, and precise modeling and state estimation will improve stable operation. This review discusses current methods use in BEV LIB SoC modelling and estimation. The review culminates in a brief discussion of challenges in BEV LIB SoC prediction analysis.

Supply limitations will boost lithium for now

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Battery ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Consumer Electronics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tenfold Increase ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Vehicle Production ◽  
First Time

Subject Lithium market Significance Lithium consumption by the battery sector is expected to outstrip traditional sources of demand for the first time this year. Over the next three years, around 70% of the increase in incremental demand for lithium is expected to be driven by growth of electric vehicle production. However, after nearly doubling over the last five years, the pace of growth of lithium demand from the consumer-electronics sector is likely to slow. Impacts Several ventures are investigating lithium clay projects as a by-product of geothermal power plants, but these are untested commercially. Many lithium deposits contain harmful materials and research will continue into ways of safely extracting these materials. Lithium-ion battery capacity needs to add 600 gigawatt hours or 60 billion dollars investment to achieve 30% vehicle sector penetration. Beijing has established a new sales target of 7 million electric vehicles for 2025, which would represent a tenfold increase on 2016.

scholarly journals Bilevel vs. Passive Equalizers for Second Life EV Batteries

Electricity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Ngalula Sandrine Mubenga ◽  
Boluwatito Salami ◽  
Thomas Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Second Life ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Other ◽  
Capacity Fade ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Energy Storage Applications ◽  
Cell Average

Once lithium-ion batteries degrade to below about 80% of their original capacity, they are no longer considered satisfactory for electric vehicles (EVs), but they are still adequate for second-life energy storage applications. However, once this level is reached, capacity fade increases at a much faster rate, and the spread between the cell capacities becomes much wider. If the passive equalizer (PEQ) from the EV is still used, battery capacity remains equal to that of the worst cell in the stack, just like it was in the EV. Unfortunately, the worst cell eventually becomes much weaker than the cell average, and the other cells are not fully utilized. If operated while the battery is in use, an active equalizer (AEQ) can increase the battery capacity to a much higher value close to the cell average, but AEQs are much more expensive and are not considered cost effective. However, it can be shown that the bilevel equalizer (BEQ), a PEQ/AEQ hybrid, also can provide a capacity very close to the cell average and at a much lower cost than an AEQ.

Observer-Based Diagnostic Scheme for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoleikha Abdollahi Biron ◽  
Pierluigi Pisu ◽  
Beshah Ayalew
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Temperature Sensors ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Sensor Faults ◽  
Sensor Actuator ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Diagnosis Approach

This paper presents an observer-based fault diagnosis approach for Lithium-ion batteries. This method detects and isolates five fault types, which include sensor faults in current, voltage and temperature sensors, failure in fan actuator and a fault in battery State-of-Charge (SOC) dynamics. Current, voltage and temperature of the battery are taken as the only available measurements and a Kalman filter and a sliding mode observer are constructed. Three residuals derived from a combination of these observers generate fault signatures that are used to detect and isolate the sensor, actuator and SOC faults in the system. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the approach.

scholarly journals Advances of 2nd Life Applications for Lithium Ion Batteries from Electric Vehicles Based on Energy Demand

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5726
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Wewer ◽  
Pinar Bilge ◽  
Franz Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Electromobility is a new approach to the reduction of CO2 emissions and the deceleration of global warming. Its environmental impacts are often compared to traditional mobility solutions based on gasoline or diesel engines. The comparison pertains mostly to the single life cycle of a battery. The impact of multiple life cycles remains an important, and yet unanswered, question. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate advances of 2nd life applications for lithium ion batteries from electric vehicles based on their energy demand. Therefore, it highlights the limitations of a conventional life cycle analysis (LCA) and presents a supplementary method of analysis by providing the design and results of a meta study on the environmental impact of lithium ion batteries. The study focuses on energy demand, and investigates its total impact for different cases considering 2nd life applications such as (C1) material recycling, (C2) repurposing and (C3) reuse. Required reprocessing methods such as remanufacturing of batteries lie at the basis of these 2nd life applications. Batteries are used in their 2nd lives for stationary energy storage (C2, repurpose) and electric vehicles (C3, reuse). The study results confirm that both of these 2nd life applications require less energy than the recycling of batteries at the end of their first life and the production of new batteries. The paper concludes by identifying future research areas in order to generate precise forecasts for 2nd life applications and their industrial dissemination.

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