DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ACCELERATOR OF THE MASSES OF GAUSS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Korneev ◽  
R. Davletbaev
Keyword(s):  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Electromagnetic Accelerator

The types of Gauss mass accelerators are considered. Formulas for calculating a Gaussian gun are presented. The difficulties of using a Gauss gun are considered. The advantages and disadvantages of using a Gauss gun are presented.

Self-media as a model for monetization of knowledge code

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-91
Author(s):  
Svetlana L. Urazova
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Masses ◽  
And Behavior

The accelerated development, convergence and integration of information and communication technologies open up great opportunities for social actors to express themselves, motivating amateur artists to produce media products. The essay discusses the principles of the functioning of "self-media", a new type of media model in individual entrepreneurship which is developing in China and analyzes its advantages and disadvantages in the testing of innovative business models. The essay explores the problem of the importance of screen communications for civilizational development and their possible influence on the processes of collective cognition, mentality and behavior patterns of social actors, groups, communities and cultures. Screen communications demonstrate the inextricability of the linking of the media and social systems which undergo fluctuations (unstable fluctuations) in digital time at the stage of digital reforming. The author notes that this development of a social system is most often built not on collectively-consolidated but on individualized solutions resorted to by people forced to rely on their own choices in difficult situations, on their intuition and imagination. Social actors master digital technologies and create various kinds of projects that encourage the masses to acquire new knowledge. The self-media project began to be implemented in China in 2010-2013 on the basis of the new WeChat platform, both a social network and a messaging application. In a convergent-integration form, a functional of differing target technology platforms was implemented, providing typological signs of self-media. This attracted a large number of consumers to media projects. Self-media are based on the idea of learning new things - in other words, a knowledge code (a set of signs / symbols and a system of certain rules that define a process of cognition) which is implemented by the creators. Initially, it is presented in the form of informative and historical texts, illustrations and videos dedicated to art, a chosen topic complemented by the attributes of material symbolic things and various kinds of organizational services. Materially embodied ideas motivate the media consumer to replenish knowledge of the unknown.

scholarly journals The Idea of Mass Culture in the Technologized Context of Lifelong Learning from the Philosophical Perspective of Ortega y Gasset

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Valantinaitė ◽  
Živilė Sederevičiūtė-Pačiauskienė ◽  
Vaida Asakavičiūtė ◽  
Vida Navickienė
Keyword(s):  
Lifelong Learning ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Mass Culture ◽  
Virtual Learning ◽  
Virtual Learning Environments ◽  
Philosophical Perspective ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Elite Culture ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Masses

The article discusses consequences of increasing accessibility of education employing virtual learning environments. The main focus is laid on two consequences, i.e. on flourishing of mass-man and elimination of individual attitude. Seeking to ensure accessibility of education to everybody, equal conditions are introduced: technologization of the learning process through virtual learning environments leads to assurance of the level of convenient use, which diverts the attention from the essence, i.e. from the creation of elite culture in personality education. According to Ortega y Gasset, mass culture, information for the masses and environment overwhelm consciousness of an individual, who has lost his/her individuality, and irreversibly take an individual away from his/her interest in the meaning of existence. The article focuses on the technologization of lifelong learning development, its progressive and destructive aspects. Technologization seems to be an integral component of the system of education in the 21st century. It also facilitates teaching/learning, makes it more attractive, accessible, convenient, individualised and efficient, although its efficiency and effectiveness are still questioned (Price, Kirkwood 2014; Englund, Olofsson, Price 2017). What factors encourage development and technologization of lifelong learning? What advantages and disadvantages of using virtual learning environments are distinguished by students and what does this presuppose? Does not this lead to flourishing of mass culture and mass-man education?

Mass–spring–damper modelling of the human body to study running and hopping – an overview

2011 ◽  
Vol 225 (12) ◽  
pp. 1121-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Nikooyan ◽  
A A Zadpoor
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Mass Spring ◽  
Stiffness And Damping ◽  
Multi Body

Several mass–spring–damper models have been developed to study the response of the human body to the collision with the ground during hopping, trotting, or running. The mass, spring, and damper elements represent the masses, stiffness properties, and damping properties of hard and soft tissues. The masses that models are composed of are connected to each other via springs and dampers. The present paper reviews the various types of mass–spring–damper models including one-body and multi-body models. The models are further categorized as being either passive or active. In passive models, the mechanical properties (stiffness and damping) of soft tissues remain constant regardless of the type of footwear, ground stiffness, etc. In active models, the mechanical properties adapt to external loads. The governing equations of motion of all models as well as their parameters are presented. The specific ways that the models take account of the shoe–ground interactions are discussed as well. The methods used for determination of different modelling parameters are briefly surveyed. The advantages and disadvantages of the different types of mass–spring–damper models are also discussed. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of possible future research trends in the area of mass–spring–damper modelling.

Cryogenic atomic force microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
K. A. Fisher ◽  
M. G. L. Gustafsson ◽  
M. B. Shattuck ◽  
J. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rapid Freezing ◽  
Cryogenic Temperatures ◽  
Soft Or ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Flexible Molecules ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Chemical Perturbation

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is capable of imaging electrically conductive and non-conductive surfaces at atomic resolution. When used to image biological samples, however, lateral resolution is often limited to nanometer levels, due primarily to AFM tip/sample interactions. Several approaches to immobilize and stabilize soft or flexible molecules for AFM have been examined, notably, tethering coating, and freezing. Although each approach has its advantages and disadvantages, rapid freezing techniques have the special advantage of avoiding chemical perturbation, and minimizing physical disruption of the sample. Scanning with an AFM at cryogenic temperatures has the potential to image frozen biomolecules at high resolution. We have constructed a force microscope capable of operating immersed in liquid n-pentane and have tested its performance at room temperature with carbon and metal-coated samples, and at 143° K with uncoated ferritin and purple membrane (PM).

In situ irradiation effects studies in medium- and high-voltage TEM

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 234-235
Author(s):  
Charles W. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Particle Flux ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Irradiation Damage ◽  
Defect Complexes ◽  
Lattice Position ◽  
Electrons And Ions ◽  
The Masses

With respect to structural consequences within a material, energetic electrons, above a threshold value of energy characteristic of a particular material, produce vacancy-interstial pairs (Frenkel pairs) by displacement of individual atoms, as illustrated for several materials in Table 1. Ion projectiles produce cascades of Frenkel pairs. Such displacement cascades result from high energy primary knock-on atoms which produce many secondary defects. These defects rearrange to form a variety of defect complexes on the time scale of tens of picoseconds following the primary displacement. A convenient measure of the extent of irradiation damage, both for electrons and ions, is the number of displacements per atom (dpa). 1 dpa means, on average, each atom in the irradiated region of material has been displaced once from its original lattice position. Displacement rate (dpa/s) is proportional to particle flux (cm-2s-1), the proportionality factor being the “displacement cross-section” σD (cm2). The cross-section σD depends mainly on the masses of target and projectile and on the kinetic energy of the projectile particle.

A conduction-cooled stage for high-resolution Cryo-SEM

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1282-1283
Author(s):  
John G. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cold Trap ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Particulate Suspensions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Convection Cooling ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The goal is to examine with high resolution cryo-SEM aqueous particulate suspensions used in coatings for printable paper. A metal-coating chamber for cryo-preparation of such suspensions was described previously. Here, a new conduction-cooling system for the stage and cold-trap in an SEM specimen chamber is described. Its advantages and disadvantages are compared to a convection-cooling system made by Hexland (model CT1000A) and its mechanical stability is demonstrated by examining a sample of styrene-butadiene latex.In recent high resolution cryo-SEM, some stages are cooled by conduction, others by convection. In the latter, heat is convected from the specimen stage by cold nitrogen gas from a liquid-nitrogen cooled evaporative heat exchanger. The advantage is the fast cooling: the Hexland CT1000A cools the stage from ambient temperature to 88 K in about 20 min. However it consumes huge amounts of liquid-nitrogen and nitrogen gas: about 1 ℓ/h of liquid-nitrogen and 400 gm/h of nitrogen gas. Its liquid-nitrogen vessel must be re-filled at least every 40 min.

Computer simulations for the TEM bend contour technique

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
Vladimir Yu. Kolosov ◽  
Anders R. Thölén
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Short Overview ◽  
Diffraction Contrast ◽  
Beam Method ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Contour Technique

In this paper we give a short overview of two TEM applications utilizing the extinction bend contour technique (BC) giving the advantages and disadvantages; especially we consider two areas in which the BC technique remains unique. Special attention is given to an approach including computer simulations of TEM micrographs.BC patterns are often observed in TEM studies but are rarely exploited in a serious way. However, this type of diffraction contrast was one of the first to be used for analysis of imperfections in crystalline foils, but since then only some groups have utilized the BC technique. The most extensive studies were performed by Steeds, Eades and colleagues. They were the first to demonstrate the unique possibilities of the BC method and named it real space crystallography, which developed later into the somewhat similar but more powerful convergent beam method. Maybe, due to the difficulties in analysis, BCs have seldom been used in TEM, and then mainly to visualize different imperfections and transformations.

Instrumental Assessment in Cleft Palate Care

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Perry ◽  
Graham Schenck
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Perceptual Evaluation ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Instrumental Assessment ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Hypernasal Speech ◽  
Perceptual Assessment ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
And Function

Despite advances in surgical management, it is estimated that 20–30% of children with repaired cleft palate will continue to have hypernasal speech and require a second surgery to create normal velopharyngeal function (Bricknell, McFadden, & Curran, 2002; Härtel, Karsten, & Gundlach, 1994; McWilliams, 1990). A qualitative perceptual assessment by a speech-language pathologist is considered the most important step of the evaluation for children with resonance disorders (Peterson-Falzone, Hardin-Jones, & Karnell, 2010). Direct and indirect instrumental analyses should be used to confirm or validate the perceptual evaluation of an experienced speech-language pathologist (Paal, Reulbach, Strobel-Schwarthoff, Nkenke, & Schuster, 2005). The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of current instrumental assessment methods used in cleft palate care. Both direct and indirect instrumental procedures will be reviewed with descriptions of the advantages and disadvantages of each. Lastly, new developments for evaluating velopharyngeal structures and function will be provided.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document