Species composition and structure of complex of phytonematodes of ornamental plants under conditions of Kiev Goloseevskiy park

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94
Author(s):  
A.A. Babich ◽  
A.G. Babich
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Ornamental Crops ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci ◽  
Longidorus Elongatus

The purpose of the research: study of fauna phytonematodes of ornamental crops. Materials and methods. Studies were conducted in 2016-2017 years in Kiev Goloseevskiy park, Ukraine. Materials for studies were samples of soil, plants, larvae and adult nematodes. Production of temporal and permanent preparations, determination of nematode species composition were conducted according to common methods. Results and discussion. 41 phytonematode species belonging to 29 species, 16 families and 5 series were found in rhizosphere of ornamental plants of Goloseevskiy park. According to taxonomic structure 49% species of ornamental plant phytonematode complex belong to Tylenchidae, 36% - to Rhabditida, 7% - to Dorylaimida, 4% - to Enoplida and 4% - to Araeolaimida. It is reasonable to divide species of nematodes found in rhizosphere of plants into 4 groups: phytohelminths, micohelminths, saprobionts and predaceous species. Phytohelminths are 11 species, micohelminths are 7 species, saprobionts are 20 species and 2 species are predaceous speciesof nematodes. Cassagnau index was used in order to determine the state of dominance of dispersed species of nematodes (Cassagnau, 1947). According to this parameter Helycotylenchus dihystera, Aphelenchoides fragarie and Ditylenchus dipsaci were the predominate phytoparasitic species. The following species which we often found were: Tylenchorhynchus dubius, Pratylenchus penetrans, P. pratensis, D. destructor, Paratylenchus nanus, Rotylenchus robustus, A. ritzemabosi, species which we found rarely was Longidorus elongatus.

scholarly journals УГРУПОВАННЯ ПІДСТИЛКОВИХ НЕМАТОД ЛІСІВ МЕЗИНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ПАРКУ

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
T. M. Zhylina ◽  
V. L. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Formaldehyde Solution ◽  
Nematode Communities ◽  
Nature Park ◽  
June July ◽  
Exposition Time

The taxonomic structure of the nematodes and the thickness in the forest litter of the Mezin National Nature Park were studied. Samples were collected during 2008-2010 and 2014 (June – July) in 21 forest ecosystems. Nematodes were extracted by a modified Baermann's method from the sample of 5 g. The exposition time was 48 h. Extracted nematodes were fixed in the triethanolamine–formalin (TAF, 2 % triethanolamine, 7 % formaldehyde solution, 91 % water), and mounted on the temporary hydroglyceric slides. To describe the taxonomic structure of nematode communities we calculated the proportion of each order (family) in the community as the ratio (in %) of the individuals of each order (family) to the total number of nematodes. 46 nematode species belonging to 36 genera, 21 families and 10 orders were identified. The average number of nematodes was 4256 per 100 g of substrate. The number of nematodes varied from 220 to 11920 specimens per 100 g in separate samples. Most of the identified species (78.26 %) belong to the four orders: Tylenchida (10 species), Plectida (9 species), Rhabditida (9 species), Dorylaimida (8 species) or 21.74 %, 19.57 %, 19.57 % and 17.39 % of the species composition, respectively. The orders of Enoplida, Triplonchida, Araeolaimida, Mononchida, Monhysterida and Teratocephalida are represented by 1 to 2 species (4.35 – 2.17 % of the total number of identified species). In terms of quantitative representation, species of Plectida are dominant (proportion in the community 43.15 %). This proportion was 2.5 times higher than the number of representatives of Tylenchida (17.07 %), Dorylaimida (17.01 %) and Rhabditida (16.44 %). Comparatively, the largest number of species found belong to the families Plectidae (9 species), Cephalobidae (6 species), and Tylenchidae (5 species). Only six nematode families were represented in the forest litter samples, namely: Plectidae (with proportion in the community 43.15 %), Dorylaimidae (with proportion in the community 13.74 %), Aphelenchoididae (with 8.99 %), Panagrolaimidae (with 8.17 %), Tylenchidae (with 5.90 %), Mesorhabditidae (with 5.48 %).

scholarly journals Composition and Density of Gastropode in Mangrove Habitat of Banyuurip, Ujung Pangkah - Gresik

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Eka Nur Arifianti ◽  
Husain Latuconsina ◽  
Hasan Zayadi
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Avicennia Marina ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Mangrove Habitat ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Systematic Sampling Method ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

Gastropods are one of the biota that live in association with mangrove habitat. This study aims to compare the species composition and structure of the gastropod community in different mangrove habitats. This research was conducted in Banyuurip Mangrove Center (BMC), Ujung Pangkah-Gresik during July-August 2020. Determination of the observation station purposively based on physical differences in mangrove habitat. Estimation of mangrove and gastrode density by systematic sampling method using belt transects. There were 12 mangrove species with the highest number of species in the coastal mangrove habitat, with the highest species composition and density of Avicennia marina. The highest mangrove density was found in coastal mangrove habitats for all criteria. The number of gastropods found were 2,171 specimens belonging to 15 species, 5 families and 5 orders. The highest number of species, families and orders in coastal mangrove habitat were 1,191 specimens, 11 species from 5 families and 5 orders, the lowest was in estuarine mangrove habitat as many as 980 specimens from 9 species, 2 families and 2 orders. Densities of gastropods differ between mangrove habitats, with the highest density in coastal mangrove habitats and the lowest in estuarine mangrove habitats. The composition and density of the highest gastropods species in the estuary mangrove habitat is Cassidula aurisfelis and in the coastal mangrove habitat is Pirenella cingulata. The importance of conservation and rehabilitation efforts for mangroves that have been degraded to support the gastropods associated in it.

scholarly journals Morphometric and Molecular Diversity among Seven European Isolates of Pratylenchus penetrans

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 674
Author(s):  
Mesfin Bogale ◽  
Betre Tadesse ◽  
Rasha Haj Nuaima ◽  
Bernd Honermeier ◽  
Johannes Hallmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Tail Length ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Intraspecific Diversity ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
The Usa

Pratylenchus penetrans is an economically important root-lesion nematode species that affects agronomic and ornamental plants. Understanding its diversity is of paramount importance to develop effective control and management strategies. This study aimed to characterize the morphological and genetic diversity among seven European isolates. An isolate from the USA was included in the molecular analyses for comparative purposes. Morphometrics of the European P. penetrans isolates generally were within the range of the original descriptions for this species. However, multiple morphometric characteristics, including body length, maximum body width, tail length and length of the post-vulval uterine sac showed discrepancies when compared to other populations. Nucleotide sequence-based analyses revealed a high level of intraspecific diversity among the isolates. We observed no correlation between D2-D3 rDNA- and COXI-based phylogenetic similarities and geographic origin. Our phylogenetic analyses including selected GenBank sequences also suggest that the controversy surrounding the distinction between P. penetrans and P. fallax remains.

Long-term dynamics and destruction of marsh vegetation in the Kolokolkova Bay of the Barents Sea

2012 ◽  
pp. 66-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Lavrinenko ◽  
O. V. Lavrinenko ◽  
D. V. Dobrynin
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Marsh Vegetation ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Species Composition And Structure

The satellite images show that the area of marshes in the Kolokolkova bay was notstable during the period from 1973 up to 2011. Until 2010 it varied from 357 to 636 ha. After a severe storm happened on July 24–25, 2010 the total area of marshes was reduced up to 43–50 ha. The mean value of NDVI for studied marshes, reflecting the green biomass, varied from 0.13 to 0.32 before the storm in 2010, after the storm the NDVI decreased to 0.10, in 2011 — 0.03. A comparative analysis of species composition and structure of plant communities described in 2002 and 2011, allowed to evaluate the vegetation changes of marshes of the different topographic levels. They are fol­lowing: a total destruction of plant communities of the ass. Puccinellietum phryganodis and ass. Caricetum subspathaceae on low and middle marches; increasing role of halophytic species in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. typicum on middle marches; some changes in species composition and structure of plant communities of the ass. Caricetum glareosae vic. Calamagrostis deschampsioides subass. festucetosum rubrae on high marches and ass. Parnassio palustris–Salicetum reptantis in transition zone between marches and tundra without changes of their syntaxonomy; a death of moss cover in plant communities of the ass. Caricetum mackenziei var. Warnstorfia exannulata on brackish coastal bogs. The possible reasons of dramatic vegetation dynamics are discussed. The dating of the storm makes it possible to observe the directions and rates of the succession of marches vegetation.

Revision flora of makrofytes of the aquatory of the Kazantip Nature Reserve

2019 ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
T. V. Belich ◽  
S. Ye. Sadogurskiy ◽  
S. A. Sadogurskaya
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Marine Macrophytes

The results of nomenclature-taxonomic revision of the flora marine macrophytes of the Kazantip Nature Reserve (KNR) are presented. Currently, with the new data the species composition includes 73 species and intraspecific taxon (IST) of macroalgae and sea grasses. Taxonomic structure of flora of the macrophytes of the KNR includes 4 phylums, 7 classes, 19 orders, 28 families, (F), 37 genera. Chlorophyta - 33 species, Ochrophyta - 11, Rhodophyta - 25, Tracheophyta - 4. In the flora prevail mesosaprobic (44%), annuae (58%), brackish-sea (51%), warm-water (40%) species. The category of rare fraction includes 14 species.

scholarly journals Studies on Colchicine Induced Chromosome Doubling for Enhancement of Quality Traits in Ornamental Plants

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Manzoor ◽  
Touqeer Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Bashir ◽  
Ishfaq Hafiz ◽  
Cristian Silvestri
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Doubling ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Unreduced Gametes ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
Morphological And Physiological Traits ◽  
Routine Procedures ◽  
Mitotic Inhibitor ◽  
Intense Color

Polyploidy has the utmost importance in horticulture for the development of new ornamental varieties with desirable morphological traits referring to plant size and vigor, leaf thickness, larger flowers with thicker petals, intense color of leaves and flowers, long lasting flowers, compactness, dwarfness and restored fertility. Polyploidy may occur naturally due to the formation of unreduced gametes or can be artificially induced by doubling the number of chromosomes in somatic cells. Usually, natural polyploid plants are unavailable, so polyploidy is induced synthetically with the help of mitotic inhibitors. Colchicine is a widely used mitotic inhibitor for the induction of polyploidy in plants during their cell division by inhibiting the chromosome segregation. Different plant organs like seeds, apical meristems, flower buds, and roots can be used to induce polyploidy through many application methods such as dipping/soaking, dropping or cotton wool. Flow cytometry and chromosome counting, with an observation of morphological and physiological traits are routine procedures for the determination of ploidy level in plants.

DETERMINATION OF FUNGI RESISTANCE OF SEVERAL SAMPLES OF NATURAL LEATHER IN CONDITIONS OF ARMENIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2 (255)) ◽  
pp. 172-180
Author(s):  
Iren V. Shahazizyan ◽  
Inessa M. Eloyan ◽  
Ruzanna E. Matevosyan ◽  
Siranoush G. Nanagyulyan
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Soil Fungi ◽  
Spore Suspension ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Mold Resistance

In this work we studied the effect of microscopic soil fungi on some lather samples. The species composition of micromycetes inhabiting the samples under study was revealed, and an assessment of the fungal resistance of the materials under study was given. In the process of work, species of microscopic soil fungi were isolated and identified from the soil. In order to determine the degree of resistance to fungi for the infection of samples, a water-spore suspension was obtained. The leather materials were partially destroyed by microscopic fungi, and mold resistance ranged from 2 to 3 on a 5-point scale.

Ditylenchus dipsaci. [Distribution map].

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Far East ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn) Filipjev Nematoda: Tylenchida: Anguinidae Hosts: Many crop and ornamental plants. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE, Albania, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Mainland France, Germany, Greece, Mainland Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Mainland Italy, Sicily, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Azores, Mainland Portugal, Romania, Central Russia Russian Far East, Southern Russia, Western Siberia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales, Scotland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia (Fed. Rep.), ASIA, Armenia, Azerbaijan, China, Gansu, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Cyprus, Republic of Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Japan, Honshu, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Korea Republic, Kyrgyzstan, Oman, Pakistan, Syria, Taiwan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, Yemen, AFRICA, Algeria, Kenya, Morocco, Reunion, South Africa, Tunisia, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Saskatchewan, Mexico, USA, Alabama, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Michigan, Montana, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wyoming, CENTRAL AMERICA & CARIBBEAN, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, SOUTH AMERICA, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Minas Gerais, Paraiba, Parana, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, OCEANIA, Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia, New Zealand.

scholarly journals Structure investigations of layered soil – varved clay

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matylda Tankiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Layered Soil ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
Structure Investigations ◽  
Varved Clay

Abstract In the paper the results of laboratory investigations of structure of layered soil are presented. They focus on varved clay that is a soil composed of two alternately arranged varves with different texture and mechanical properties. An effect of such structure is an anisotropy of the material. Due to varying conditions during its formation process the soil exhibits some irregularities in composition and structure. Due to that modelling of mechanical behavior, like strength, may not provide satisfactory results. Main purpose of the examinations is an investigation of internal structure of layered soil – varved clay – in relation to its strength anisotropy and evaluation of the suitability of the use of two different techniques to assess the soil structure. Investigated material have been taken from area near city of Bełchatów in central Poland. The examinations included investigation of particle size distribution of soil and its components, identification of lamination with use of scanning electron microscope (SEM) and computed microtomography technique (μCT). First, the texture of each varve and varved clay as a composite have been estimated. Next, the investigation of surface perpendicular to the lamination have been carried out with SEM. Pictures of varves with different magnifications are presented. Also the varves arrangement and details of layers contact area are shown. Finally, investigation of internal structure of the soil have been performed by using microtomograph. The outcome is a series of radiographic images and reconstructed 3D model of tested soil. Presented results show complexity of the structure of varved clay that affect the mechanical behavior. Determination of the structure with use of presented techniques may be helpful in examination of strength properties and proper modeling of such soil.

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