scholarly journals NATURAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS OF OPISTORCHOSIS CIRCULATION IN WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 401-408
Author(s):  
Nurzhanova ◽  
Karmaliyev ◽  
Sengaliyev
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Caspian Lowland ◽  
Parasitic System ◽  
Lakes And Reservoirs ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
White Bream

The formation and course of epidemic and epizootic processes of opisthorchiasis is influenced by natural-ecological and socio-economic factors. Geographical position of the Ural River basin, the proximity of the Volga focus, species diversity and abundance of commercial species of cyprinids, ecological conditions in the Ural basin, in floodplain water bodies and in small rivers of West Kazakhstan region, connected with the Ural River, the dietary habits of people, intensive migration of population create optimal conditions for the functioning of parasitic system of opisthorchiasis and contribute to the spread of this invasion among the population of the Ural region.The risk of infection with opisthorchiasis at the natural and social levels remains high. The territory of West Kazakhstan region has the following natural and ecological conditions: it is confined to the Ural-Caspian lowland. Surface waters of West Kazakhstan region are represented by rivers, lakes and reservoirs. In the Ural River and its basin, there are many mollusks Bithynia leachi and fish species, among which there are potential carriers of opisthorchian metacercariae – bream, ide, dace, redfin, tench, wild carp, carp, white bream, roach, asp, prussian and crucian carp, chub, minnow, sabre fish, blue bream. In the region, the incidence of opisthorchiasis in people is annually recorded. A significant part of the infected population lives in settlements located along the banks of the Ural River and its floodplain reservoirs.

Vegetation of sandy outcrops in Pechora tundra

2008 ◽  
pp. 39-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Kuljugina
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Diverse Communities ◽  
Geographical Position

The paper deals with the syntaxonomy of vegetation on the sandy outcrops in the Pechora (Malozemelskaya and Bolshezemelskaya) tundra. The vegetation was classified using the Brown-Blanke approach. Communities were referred to 3 associations: Arctostaphylo alpini—Empetretum hermaphroditi (Zinserling 1935) Koroleva 1994, Elymo—Festucetum arenariae (Regel 1923) Nordhagen 1955 and Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae ass. nov. Five new variants were suggested within the first association and 2 subassociations and 4 variants within the last one. Syntaxon description and phytocoenological tables are presented. The vegetation on each sandy outcrops represents a complex of communities fragmentary located on the scars area. Subass. inops of ass. Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae is more common in the Ortina river basin and occurs at the bottom of blowing hollows. Syntaxa of ass. Elymo—Festucetum arenariae and var. Festuca rubra of ass. Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae are situated at the mobile sands in the central part, while var. Arctous alpina of ass. Rumici graminifoliae—Festucetum sabulosae occurs on a periphery of out­crops where substratum is stable. The variants inops and typicum of ass. Arctostaphylo alpini—Empetretum hermaphroditi occuring in the Sedujyakha river basin occur mostly in the centre of sandy outcrops, and the other ones can be met on their periphery. Ecological conditions determine poor diversity of syntaxa of the association level. Geographical position (the Sedujyakha river basin belongs to the northern hypoarctic tundras, the Ortina river basin — to the southern hypoarctic ones), geomorphology (in the first site — tops of hills and ridges, in the second one — watershed areas) and area of sandy outcrops (200—3000 m2 for the first and 61000—418000 m2 for the second site respectively) are the reasons for the less diverse communities found in each study site. A great number of variants is conditioned by succession stages of vegetation and instability of the substrates.

scholarly journals ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE URAL RIVER BASIN IN THE CASPIAN LOWER AREA

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Akhan A. Turgumbaev ◽  
Gennady T.-G. Turikeshev
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Single Scale ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
Caspian Lowland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
Heavy Rains

Aim. The aim is to study the modern and ancient basin of the Ural River and establish the cause of its shallowing, as well as the disappearance of small rivers and tributaries of the Ural River. Methods. The research method consists in the generalization and reduction to a single scale of all cartographic and space-survey documents, as well as the identification of elements of hydrography and relief created by ancient watercourses. Results. At present, many countries experience a shortage of fresh water. A person uses a huge amount of fresh water to meet his daily needs. In addition, contaminated waste technical waters are discharged into rivers and lakes. The Republic of Kazakhstan occupies most of the Caspian lowland, with the only full-flowing river, Ural (the Kazakh name is Zhayik). However, this river is becoming shallow, its level and spring floods are becoming lower. Cut-off lakes are also drying and disappearing. Small rivers that flew into the Ural river have almost disappeared and water level increases only during the melting of snow and after heavy rains. The studied territory is located in the arid climate zone, where there is little snow, and rains are rare. Conclusions. However, studying the cartographic and space imagery, we can say that there are many dry channels in the Caspian lowland. It must be assumed that this region was sufficiently moist, with a large number of rivers and lakes.

scholarly journals Selection of potential areas for the establishment of forest plantations for energy needs: The case of Lazarevac municipality

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Branka Spasojević ◽  
Đorđe Jović ◽  
Vlado Čokeša ◽  
Jelena Urošević ◽  
Filip Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Project ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Forest Plantations ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Allochthonous Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Geographical Position

The needs for energy sources in Serbia are constantly increasing. Wood as the most important energy source is not only used for energy purposes, but also for the wood industry, and it is clear that pressure on the resource is increasing. According to FAO methodology, the estimated energy potential of the available biomass derived from forests and wood processing industry in Serbia amounts to 1.53 Mtoe/year (BrašanacBosanac et al., 2018). In 2016, the Institute of Forestry in Belgrade carried out a preliminary study on the establishment of forest plantations for energy needs. The municipality of Lazarevac was selected as a pilot project for the establishment of forest plantations for energy purposes. It was estimated that this municipality, given its geographical position and ecological conditions, is absolutely in line with the planned production. In selecting potential areas for the establishment of forest plantations, strict attention was paid to the current use of the available areas. The study area includes the areas that can be determined but are not necessarily required for the needs of such production. Out of a wide range of autochthonous and allochthonous species, the tree species that are most capable of exploiting the potentials of the site and provide high energy values in the given ecological conditions were selected.

scholarly journals Mutualists construct the ecological conditions that trigger the transition from parasitism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Ledru ◽  
Jimmy Garnier ◽  
Matthias Rohr ◽  
Camille Nous ◽  
Sebastien Ibanez
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Major Transition ◽  
Parasitic System ◽  
Spatially Structured Population ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dispersal Evolution ◽  
Local Dispersal

The evolution of mutualism between hosts and initially parasitic symbionts represents a major transition in evolution. Although vertical transmission of symbionts during host reproduction and partner control both favour the stability of mutualism, these mechanisms require specifically evolved features that may be absent during the transition. Therefore, the first steps of the transition from parasitism to mutualism are not fully understood. Spatial structure might be the key to this transition. We explore this hypothesis using a spatially explicit agent-based model. We demonstrate that, starting from a parasitic system with global dispersal, the coevolution between mutualistic effort and local dispersal of hosts and symbionts leads to a stable coexistence between parasites and mutualists. The local dispersal evolution mimics vertical transmission and triggers the formation of mutualistic clusters, counteracting the individual selection level of parasites that maintain global dispersal. However, the transition also requires competition between hosts in order to occur. Indeed, the transition occurs when mutualistic symbionts increase the density of hosts, which strengthens competition between hosts and disfavours parasitic host/symbiont pairs: mutualists create ecological conditions that allow their own spread. Therefore, the transition to mutualism may come from an eco-evolutionary feedback loop involving spatially structured population dynamics.

Dietary Habits Questionnaire

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuminari Misawa ◽  
Keiko Shimizu ◽  
Yasuo Fujii ◽  
Ryouji Miyata ◽  
Fumio Koshiishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits

The main principles and results of pollution monitoring of sediments in the river basin

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
B. Korzhenevsky ◽  
Gleb Tolkachev ◽  
Nikolay Kolomiycev
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Exchange ◽  
Pollution Monitoring ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Volga River Basin ◽  
Ivankovo Reservoir ◽  
Selection Of

The problems of modern geological ecology associated with the study of pollution of sediments of water bodies by heavy metals are considered. The Volga River basin is quite heterogeneous, both in geomorphological and hydrological terms, and in thechnogenical development and usage. A fourrank taxonomy is presented for the selection of sites for monitoring, based on a combination of natural, landscape, climatic and thechnogenical factors. To the largest – the highest taxon – sites of the Ist category – bowls of reservoirs with the slopes and the urban zones, industrial and agricultural structures located within them are carried. Within these areas are allocated to smaller taxa, areas category IInd are the industrial and urban zones, areas category IIIrd are the small rivers without significant contamination and areas category IVth to conduct special observations. The examples of special observations in the study of the annual migration of heavy metals in the system «bottom sediments – water column» on the Ivankovo reservoir are highlighted. The investigations were carried out under the conditions of the standard flow rate for this reservoir and in the conditions of slow water exchange.

Selective statistical estimates of multi-year monthly concentrations of biogenous pollution of small rivers of the Northwest zone of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Sergey Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Statistical Estimates ◽  
Scientific Task ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Areas

The management of surface watercourses is an urgent scientific task. The article presents the results of statistical processing of long-term monthly data of field observations of hydrological and hydrochemical parameters along the Upper Yerga small river in the Vologda region. Sampling estimates of statistical parameters are obtained, autocorrelation and correlation analyzes are performed. The limiting periods from the point of view of pollution for water receivers receiving wastewater from drained agricultural areas are identified.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document