scholarly journals Effect of drought on gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of groundnut genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1478-1487
Author(s):  
K. Manojkumar ◽  
S. Vincent ◽  
M. Raveendran ◽  
R. Anandham ◽  
V. Babu Rajendra Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Ps Ii

Drought is one of the major threats to groundnut productivity, causing a greater loss than any other abiotic factor. Water stress conditions alter plant photosynthetic activity, impacting future growth and assimilating mobilization towards sink tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate how drought impacts the photosynthesis of plants and its links to drought tolerance. The influence of reproductive stage drought on photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll fluorescence of groundnut is well studied. The experiment was conducted in Kharif 2019 (Jul-Sep), where recent series in groundnut genotypes (60 nos) sown under rainfed conditions and water stress was created by withholding irrigation for 20 days between 35-55 days after sowing in the field to simulate drought conditions. Imposition of water deficit stress reduced PS II efficiency, which significantly altered the photosynthetic rate in the leaf. Observation of gas exchange parameters viz., photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate after 20 days of stress imposition revealed that of all 60 genotypes, 20 genotypes (VG 17008, VG 17046VG 18005, VG 18102, VG 18077, VG 19572, VG 19709, VG 18111, VG19561, VG19576, VG 19620, VG 19681, VG 19688, etc.,) had better Photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance. Similarly, PS II efficiency analyzed through fluorescence meter revealed that among the 60 and all the genotypes given above recorded higher value in Fv/Fm. Results obtained from Cluster analysis and PCA confirmed that photosynthetic rate and Fv/Fm is useful parameter in screening adapted cultivars under drought stress. These findings lay the groundwork for a future study to decipher the molecular pathways underpinning groundnut drought resistance.

Responses of Chlorophyll Fluorescence, Stomatal Conductance, and Net Photosynthesis Rates of Four Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) Genotypes to Drought

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Aidil Azhar ◽  
Jate Sathornkich ◽  
Ratchanee Rattanawong ◽  
Poonpipope Kasemsap
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence

This experiment aimed to evaluate the leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange response to drought conditions of young rubber plants with different scions. Buds from four genotypes of a progeny derived from crossed clones of RRIM600 x RRII105 from Nongkhai Rubber Research Center, T187, T186, T149 and T172, were grafted to RRIM 600 rootstocks. Eight-month old plants with two flushes were used in this study. Two levels of water treatment were used, drought condition (W1) and well-watered as control (W0). Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal conductance (gs) and net photosynthesis rate (Pn) were investigated in three phases: before drought, during drought and after re-watering. Leaf gas exchange parameters were measured using Li-6400 (LiCor Inc.). Leaf chlorophyll fluorescence was measured using FluorPen FP 100 (Photon Systems Instruments). Before drought, genotype T186 had the greatest net photosynthesis rates followed by T172, T187 and T149; there was no difference in maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and performance index on absorption basis (PIABS). Drought conditions caused reduction in stomatal conductance, net photosynthesis rates, and leaf chlorophyll fluorescence in all genotypes. In re-watering conditions, genotype T186 and T172 experienced quick recovery while the others showed partial recovery but the values of all parameters did not reach previous levels before treatment.

Gas exchange and yield in Miscanthus species for three years at two locations in Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Głowacka ◽  
Stanisław Jeżowski ◽  
Zygmunt Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
The Third ◽  
Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Exchange Parameters

Głowacka, K., Jeżowski, S. and Kaczmarek, Z. 2013. Gas exchange and yield in Miscanthus species for three years at two locations in Poland. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 627–637. The influence of gas exchange parameters on yields of six Miscanthus clones were evaluated in two locations over three years. Five out of six genotypes had significant increases in the photosynthetic rate and intrinsic water use efficiency between the third and first or third and second years, while intercellular CO2 concentration and stomatal conductance decreased. In addition, the multiple regression analyses of yields on parameters showed that the type of the correlation coefficients for transpiration, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration varied throughout the years. The strongest correlation (0.86) between yield and photosynthetic rate was found for 3-year-old plants.

scholarly journals Effect of Soil Applied Silicon on Gas Exchange Parameters, Growth and Ion Content of Maize under Alkaline Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 032-039
Author(s):  
Gokula Priya Natarajan ◽  
◽  
Malayappa Venkataraman Sriramachandrasekharan ◽  
Rengarjan Manivannan ◽  
Muthu Arjuna Samy Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Ion Content ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Exchange Parameters

A pot experiment was conducted to understand the effect of soil applied silicon on maize crop growth under alkaline stress. The treatment consists of silicon levels (kg ha-1) – 0, 100 and 150 and alkaline stress levels (mM) – 0, 25, 50, 75. The pots were arranged in completely randomized block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The result revealed that the shoot and root length and chlorophyll content of maize were reduced with increasing alkaline stress. The percent reduction due to alkaline stress on shoot and root length was to tune of 3.6 to 15.8 and 8.9 to 35.8, respectively and chlorophyll content 11.2 to 35.7. The sodium ion content increased, but potassium content and K Na-1 ratio decreased with alkaline stress. The gas exchange parameters viz., photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were significantly decreased with alkalinity levels. The adverse effect of alkalinity on maize was turnround with intervention of soil applied silicon. The percent increase due to silicon intervention ranged from 4.3 to 12.6 in photosynthetic rate, 4.5 to 14.5 in stomatal conductance, 6.3 to 21.4 in transpiration rate, 7.0 to 20.9 and 8.4 to 29.3 in shoot and root potassium, 19.4 to 33.5 and 20.6 to 55.9 in shoot and root K Na-1. The percent decrease in sodium concentration in shoot and root ranged from 8.6 to 14.2 and 4.3 to 23.7. Between 100 and 150 kgs of silicon applied, the desired result was achieved with 150 kg Si ha-1. It is recommended to apply 150 kg Si ha-1 to maneuver the ill effects of alkalinity on maize.

scholarly journals Response of Gas Exchange to Leaf Piercing Explained by Piecewise Linear Regression for Two Developmental Forms of Rape Plant (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera Metzg)

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
Anna Wenda-Piesik ◽  
Włodzimierz Krzesiński ◽  
Agnieszka Nowak ◽  
Maciej Kazek ◽  
Magdalena Tomaszewska-Sowa
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Net Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Piecewise Linear Regression

AbstractOilseed rape (Brassica napusL. ssp.oleiferaMetzg) was the subject of the study in two forms: wintercv. ‘Muller’ (at the rosette stage – the first internode BBCH 30 – 31) and springcv. ‘Feliks’ (at the yellow bud stage BBCH 59). The main gas-exchange parameters, net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), and intercellular CO2concentration (Ci) were measured on leaves prior to the piercing and immediately after the short-term piercing. The effect of mechanical wounding revealed different progress of the gas exchange process for the two forms. Piecewise linear regression with the breakpoint estimation showed that the plants at the same age but at a different vegetal stage, manage mechanical leaf-piercing differently. The differences concerned the stomatal conductance and transpiration changes since for rosette leaves the process consisted of five intervals with a uniform direction, while for stem leaves - of five intervals with a fluctuating direction. These parameters got stabilized within a similar time (220 mins) for both forms. The process of net photosynthetic rate was altered by the plant stages. ‘Muller’ plants at the rosette stage demonstrated dependence ofPNon time inlog-linear progression: y (PN) = 8.01 + 2.73 log10(x t2); 7 < t2< 220;R2= 0.96. For stem leaves of ‘Feliks’ plants the process of transpiration, in terms of directions, was convergent with the process of photosynthesis. Those two processes were synchronized from 1stto 114thmin of the test (r= 0.85;p< 0.001) in plants at the rosette stage and from 26thto 148thmin in stem leaves (r= 0.95;p< 0.001).

The effect of water deficit on some physiological indices of Indian lettuce (Lactuca indica L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86
Author(s):  
Thin Pham Thi Thanh ◽  
Bang Cao Phi ◽  
Hai Nguyen Thi Thanh ◽  
Khuynh Bui The ◽  
Mai Nguyen Phuong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Lactuca Indica ◽  
Wilting Rate

Indian Lettuce (Lactuca indica L.) is a valuable medicinal herb but there are still no many researches about this plant. In this work, the physiological responses of Indian lettuce plants under water deficit conditions (5, 8, and 11 days of water stress) were investigated. The Indian lettuce wilted after 5 days of water stress (66.66%), the wilting rate increased after 8 (93.33%) and 11 days (100%) of water stress. The longer duration of water deficit stress caused the slower recovery of plants after rewatering. The water deficit stress caused a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, non-associated water content as well as flower formation of Indian lettuce. But the water deficit stress increases the associated water content and the flowering time of this plant.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of some domestic and foreign cultivars of Lolium perenne L. under conditions of sodium chloride salinity

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Borowski
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Chloride Salinity

In pot experiments carried out in 2005 and 2006, tolerance to sodium chloride salinity of 4 cultivars of perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i>) ('Nira', 'Stadion', 'Ronija', 'Darius') was studied. Three concentrations of NaCl in medium (earth + sand): 0.0 mM (control); 50 mM; 100 mM, were used in the investigations. In three successive crops of grass, fresh weight yield of leaves, stomatal conductance, photosynthesis intensity, content of chlorophyll and PS II maximum quantum yield (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>) were determined. The obtained results showed that perennial ryegrass is a species tolerant to NaCl salinity. Among the studied cultivars, cv. 'Ronija' showed the highest tolerance, whereas cv. 'Nira' showed the lowest. The growth of perennial ryegrass plants under salinity conditions was limited by low stomatal conductance of leaves and photosynthesis, but not by the photosynthetic activity of chlorophyll and its contents.

scholarly journals Short-Time of Rehydration is not Effective to Re-Establish Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Gas Exchange in Two Cowpea Cultivars Submitted to Water Deficit

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udson de Oliveira BARROS JUNIOR ◽  
Maria Antonia Machado BARBOSA ◽  
Michael Douglas Roque LIMA ◽  
Gélia Dinah Monteiro VIANA ◽  
Allan Klynger da Silva LOBATO
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Water Restriction ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
The Third ◽  
Short Time

Low water supply frequently interferes on chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange. This study aimed to answer if a short-time of rehydration is efficient to re-establish chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange in cowpea plants. The experiment used four treatments (sensitive / water deficit, sensitive / control, tolerant / water deficit and tolerant / control). The sensitive and tolerant cultivars after water restriction had significant changes in gas exchange. On the third day, the stress caused lower for PN and gs in sensitive cultivar of 67% and 45%, respectively. After rehydration these parameters were not recovered significantly to two cultivars. In relation to chlorophyll fluorescence, water stress caused significant changes in all parameters evaluated of cultivars, being observed effects more intense on sensitive cultivar in the parameters Fv/Fm (38%) and Fo (69%). Rehydration did not promote recovery of the values of Fv/Fm and Fo to sensitive cultivar. Therefore, our study revealed that a short-time of rehydration is not effective to re-establish chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange in cowpea plants submitted to water deficit.

The impact of kaolin clay sprays on leaf gas exchange of Ginger Gold apple trees in New Brunswick

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 1377-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Privé ◽  
L. Russell ◽  
A. LeBlanc
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Kaolin Clay ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Leaf Physiology ◽  
The Impact

A field trial was conducted over two growing seasons in a Ginger Gold apple orchard in Bouctouche, New Brunswick, Canada to examine the impact of Surround (95% kaolin clay) on leaf gas exchange [net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), intercellular CO2 (Ci) and transpiration (E)]. In 2004, a greater rate of Pn and gs was achieved at the higher than at the lower frequency of Surround applications. This was particularly notable at leaf temperatures exceeding 35°C. In 2005, no significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences among leaf residue groupings [Trace (< 0.5 g m-2), Low (0.5 to 2 g m-2), and High (≥ 2 g m-2)] were found for the four leaf gas exchange parameters at leaf temperatures ranging from 25 to 40°C. It would appear that under New Brunswick commercial orchard conditions, the application of Surround favours or has no effect on leaf gas exchange. Key words: Surround, particle film, leaf physiology, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, transpiration

scholarly journals Some special features of the water regime and the photosynthetic apparatus activity in Feijoa sellowiana (O. Berg) O. Berg plants under the water stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00117
Author(s):  
Elena Shishkina ◽  
Tatiyna Gubanova ◽  
Valerii Titov
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Water Stress Tolerance ◽  
Leaf Tissues

When assessing the drought tolerance of Feijoa sellowiana cultivars and forms, the total water content in leaf tissues and their waterretaining and regenerative capacity were determined, and the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction were measured at different water content in leaves. Current-year leaves were characterized by a higher sensitivity to drought. According to the complex of water regime parameters and characteristics of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI), it was found that the cultivar Aromatnaya Fantazia and the form 3/1 are characterized by a relatively high drought tolerance. It has been demonstrated that the common method for assessing plant tolerance by the index of their water-retaining forces, in relation to Feijoa sellowiana genotypes, does not allow determining the critical level of water deficit. It has been found that in the cultivars and forms with low water stress tolerance, with the water loss of 20-25% from the leaf tissues complete hydration, irreversible irregularities in the PS II structures occurred. The most sensitive to the lack of water in the leaves were such parameters as variable fluorescence, rate constants of the photochemical and non-photochemical deactivation of the excitation, as well as the processes of Qa reduction in the reaction centers of PS II.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document