The effect of water deficit on some physiological indices of Indian lettuce (Lactuca indica L.)

Indian Lettuce (Lactuca indica L.) is a valuable medicinal herb but there are still no many researches about this plant. In this work, the physiological responses of Indian lettuce plants under water deficit conditions (5, 8, and 11 days of water stress) were investigated. The Indian lettuce wilted after 5 days of water stress (66.66%), the wilting rate increased after 8 (93.33%) and 11 days (100%) of water stress. The longer duration of water deficit stress caused the slower recovery of plants after rewatering. The water deficit stress caused a decrease in chlorophyll fluorescence, non-associated water content as well as flower formation of Indian lettuce. But the water deficit stress increases the associated water content and the flowering time of this plant.

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Physiological and Morphological Responses of Some Iranian Commercial Grapevine Cultivars to Water Stress

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.39.4.857c ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 857C-857

Author(s):

Alireza Talaie* ◽

Vali Rabiei ◽

Ali Ebadi

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Soluble Carbohydrate ◽

Carbohydrate Concentration ◽

Total Dry Weight

Grapevine under arid and semi-arid are subjected to low soil water availability, accompanied by high levels of temperature and severe transpiration in the summer period. In spite of their deep root system, severe water stress may occur during that period. Therefore, study of morphological and physiological responses of grapevine cultivars to water stress, especially during the different phenological stages, are necessary. The effect of water deficit stress on morphological and physiological responses of four Iranian grapevine cultivars (Vitis vinifera L. cvs. Bidaneh Sephid, Yaghooti Shiraz, Khoshnav, and Siaveh) were studied. This investigation was conducted as a factorial experiment in a complete randomized block design with four replications. In this study, 1-year-old own rooted vines were planted outdoor in plastic bags. Water stress was begun 115 days after bud break and contained for 2 months. Some vegetative and biochemical characters of leaves were evaluated; photosynthesis and gas exchange was measured. The results of analysis of variance indicated that water deficit stress decreased total dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area, non soluble carbohydrate concentration, and chlorophyll content. The reduction of leaf area in `Yaghooti Shiraz' and total dry weight and root dry weight in `Bidaneh Sephid' were higher than two other cultivars. Under water deficit stress condition, the soluble carbohydrate concentration and proline content in grapevine cultivars increased. Net photosynthesis and gas exchange rate were markedly reduced in water deficit stressed vines.

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Plant minus air temperature corresponds to different responses to water stress in wheat, canola, and chickpea grown in the semiarid Canadian prairie

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.1139/cjps-2019-0051 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 99 (6) ◽

pp. 955-957

Author(s):

Sangu Angadi ◽

Herb Cutforth ◽

Brian McConkey

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Solar Energy ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Air Temperature ◽

Canadian Prairie ◽

The Difference

The difference between plant and air temperature (PT–AT) is a good indicator of water stress. PT–AT for chickpea was negatively correlated to water deficit and air temperature and positively correlated to wind; for wheat, PT–AT was positively correlated to water deficit, air temperature and solar energy; for canola, PT–AT was not correlated to the environment. Chickpea maintained positive turgor at the expense of water content and therefore more water was available for transpirational cooling. Wheat maintained water content at the expense of turgor and therefore there was little water available for transpirational cooling. For canola, PT–AT was affected by parameters other than environment.

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Assessment of Salicylic Acid Impacts on Seedling Characteristic of Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under Water Stress

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb417258 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 112-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hossein MARDANI ◽

Hassan BAYAT ◽

Amir Hossein SAEIDNEJAD ◽

Ehsan Eyshi REZAIE

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Water Stress ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Cucumis Sativus ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Cucumis Sativus L ◽

Water Stress Tolerance ◽

Randomized Design

Impacts of various concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedling characteristic were evaluated under different water stress levels by using a factorial arrangement based on completely randomized design with three replications at experimental greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. The studied factors included three water deficit levels (100% FC, 80% FC, and 60% FC) considered as first factor and five levels of SA concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 mM) as second factor. Results showed that foliar application of SA at the highest concentration enhanced leaf area, leaf and dry weight while decreased stomatal conductance under high level of water deficit stress. Though, severe water deficit stress sharply raised the SPAD reading values. In general, exogenous SA application could develop cucumber seedling characteristic and improve water stress tolerance.

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Short-Time of Rehydration is not Effective to Re-Establish Chlorophyll Fluorescence and Gas Exchange in Two Cowpea Cultivars Submitted to Water Deficit

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha45110569 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 238-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Udson de Oliveira BARROS JUNIOR ◽

Maria Antonia Machado BARBOSA ◽

Michael Douglas Roque LIMA ◽

Gélia Dinah Monteiro VIANA ◽

Allan Klynger da Silva LOBATO

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Water Stress ◽

Gas Exchange ◽

Water Supply ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Water Restriction ◽

Cowpea Cultivars ◽

The Third ◽

Short Time

Low water supply frequently interferes on chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange. This study aimed to answer if a short-time of rehydration is efficient to re-establish chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange in cowpea plants. The experiment used four treatments (sensitive / water deficit, sensitive / control, tolerant / water deficit and tolerant / control). The sensitive and tolerant cultivars after water restriction had significant changes in gas exchange. On the third day, the stress caused lower for PN and gs in sensitive cultivar of 67% and 45%, respectively. After rehydration these parameters were not recovered significantly to two cultivars. In relation to chlorophyll fluorescence, water stress caused significant changes in all parameters evaluated of cultivars, being observed effects more intense on sensitive cultivar in the parameters Fv/Fm (38%) and Fo (69%). Rehydration did not promote recovery of the values of Fv/Fm and Fo to sensitive cultivar. Therefore, our study revealed that a short-time of rehydration is not effective to re-establish chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange in cowpea plants submitted to water deficit.

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Effect of endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica on yield and some physiological traits of millet (Panicum miliaceum) under water stress

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp17364 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (6) ◽

pp. 594 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Goudarz Ahmadvand ◽

Somayeh Hajinia

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Piriformospora Indica ◽

Physiological Traits ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Panicum Miliaceum ◽

Severe Water Stress

Piriformospora indica is one of the cultivable root-colonising endophytic fungi of the order Sebacinales, which efficiently promote plant growth, uptake of nutrients, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of P. indica on millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) under water-stress conditions. Two field experiments were carried out in a factorial arrangement at Bu-Ali Sina University of Hamedan, Iran, during 2014 and 2015. The first factor was three levels of water-deficit stress, with irrigation after 60 mm (well-watered), 90 mm (mild stress) and 120 mm (severe stress) evaporation from pan class A. The second factor was two levels of fungus P. indica: inoculated and uninoculated. Results showed that water-deficit stress significantly decreased grain yield and yield components. Colonisation by P. indica significantly increased number of panicles per plant, number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight, regardless of water supply. Inoculation with P. indica increased grain yield by 11.4% (year 1) and 19.72% (year 2) in well-watered conditions and by 35.34% (year 1) and 32.59% (year 2) under drought stress, compared with uninoculated plants. Maximum flag-leaf area (21.71 cm2) was achieved with well-watered conditions. Severe water stress decreased flag-leaf area by 53.36%. Flag-leaf area was increased by 18.64% by fungus inoculation compared with the uninoculated control. Under drought conditions, inoculation with P. indica increased plant height by 27.07% and panicle length by 9.61%. Severe water stress caused a significant decrease in grain phosphorus concentration, by 42.42%, compared with the well-watered treatment. By contrast, grain nitrogen and protein contents were increased about 30.23% and 30.18%, respectively, with severe water stress. Inoculation with P. indica increased grain phosphorus by 24.22%, nitrogen by 7.47% and protein content by 7.54% compared with control. Water stress reduced leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, whereas P. indica inoculation enhanced chlorophyll concentrations by 27.18% under severe water stress. The results indicated the positive effect of P. indica on yield and physiological traits of millet in both well-watered and water-stressed conditions.

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Effect of Microelements and Selenium on Superoxide Dismutase Enzyme, Malondialdehyde Activity and Grain Yield Maize (Zea mays L.) under Water Deficit Stress

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha3925500 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 153 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Nourali SAJEDI ◽

Hamid MADANI ◽

Ahmad NADERI

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Water Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Block Design ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

Main Plot

This study was carried out to investigate effects of microelements under water deficit stress at different growth stages on antioxidant enzyme alteration, chemical biomarker and grain yield of maize in the years 2007 and 2008. The experiment was conducted in a split plot factorial based on a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were three factors, water deficit stress at different stages of growth as main plot and combinations of selenium (with and without using) and microelements (with and without using) as sub plots. The result indicated that the activity of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde content under water deficit stress increased, but grain yield was reduced. The highest grain yield was obtained from optimum irrigation, while in the case of with water deficit stress at V8 stage it was non significant. Selenium spray increased activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme, malondialdehyde content of leaves in V8, R2 and R4 stages and also grain yield. Application of microelements increased the leaves superoxide dismutase enzyme activity and malondialdehyde content. Selenium and microelements spray under water deficit stress conditions during vegetative growth and dough stage increased grain yield in comparison to not spraying elements under water stress conditions. The present results also showed that by using selenium and microelements under water stress can obtain acceptable yield compared to not using these elements.

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Tomato and Nightshade (Solanum nigrum L. and S. ptycanthum Dun.) Effects on Soil Water Content

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.117.5.730 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 117 (5) ◽

pp. 730-735 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Milton E. McGiffen ◽

John B. Masiunas ◽

Morris G. Huck

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Eastern Black Nightshade ◽

Black Nightshade ◽

Tomato Yield ◽

Solanum Nigrum L

Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted to determine the response of eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), black nightshade (S. nigrum), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Heinz 6004) to water stress and the effect of nightshade-tomato competition on soil water content. In the greenhouse, plants were exposed to three water regimes induced by watering either daily, weekly, or biweekly. Water deficit caused a similar decrease in height, weight, and leaf area in all three species. There was more than a 50% reduction in height when the plants were watered biweekly compared with daily watering. Water stress caused a shift in biomass from shoots to roots in all three species. Black nightshade and tomato produced thinner leaves in response to water deficit. Companion field experiments were conducted during the 1989 and 1990 growing seasons in Urbana, Ill. Eastern black nightshade and black nightshade were transplanted at densities of 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, and 4.8 plants/m2, 5 days after tomatoes were transplanted. These nightshade densities caused significant reductions in soil water content. In 1989, only the highest density of either nightshade species reduced topsoil water content. In 1990, all densities of nightshade, except the two lowest densities of black nightshade, reduced topsoil water content. Eastern black nightshade consistently had a greater effect on tomato yield than black nightshade. Tomato yields averaged over both years were 17,000 and 8,000 kg·ha-1 at the highest (4.8 plants/m*) density of black and eastern black nightshade, respectively. The decrease in soil moisture from high densities of nightshade could not account for the reduced yields.

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Some special features of the water regime and the photosynthetic apparatus activity in Feijoa sellowiana (O. Berg) O. Berg plants under the water stress

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213800117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

pp. 00117

Author(s):

Elena Shishkina ◽

Tatiyna Gubanova ◽

Valerii Titov

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽

Water Stress ◽

Drought Tolerance ◽

Water Content ◽

Water Regime ◽

Fluorescence Induction ◽

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction ◽

Ps Ii ◽

Water Stress Tolerance ◽

Leaf Tissues

When assessing the drought tolerance of Feijoa sellowiana cultivars and forms, the total water content in leaf tissues and their waterretaining and regenerative capacity were determined, and the parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence induction were measured at different water content in leaves. Current-year leaves were characterized by a higher sensitivity to drought. According to the complex of water regime parameters and characteristics of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction (CFI), it was found that the cultivar Aromatnaya Fantazia and the form 3/1 are characterized by a relatively high drought tolerance. It has been demonstrated that the common method for assessing plant tolerance by the index of their water-retaining forces, in relation to Feijoa sellowiana genotypes, does not allow determining the critical level of water deficit. It has been found that in the cultivars and forms with low water stress tolerance, with the water loss of 20-25% from the leaf tissues complete hydration, irreversible irregularities in the PS II structures occurred. The most sensitive to the lack of water in the leaves were such parameters as variable fluorescence, rate constants of the photochemical and non-photochemical deactivation of the excitation, as well as the processes of Qa reduction in the reaction centers of PS II.

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Yield Response of Soybean (Glycine max L.) Genotypes to Water Deficit Stress

Bangladesh Agronomy Journal ◽

10.3329/baj.v19i2.31853 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 51-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Afsana Mimi ◽

MA Mannan ◽

QA Khaliq ◽

MA Baset Mia

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Yield Components ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Research Field ◽

Yield Response ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Soybean Genotypes ◽

Glycine Max L

An experiment was carried out at research field of Agronomy, Department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur from December 2013 to April 2014. Four soybean genotypes viz. i) G 00022 ii) Galarsum iii) BARI Soybean-5 and iv) G 00197 were grown in the field to evaluate the effects of water deficit stress on dry matter accumulation and yield. Plants were subjected to water stress that is irrigation was withdrawn at Blooming stage (R1) and Full Pod (R4 stages up to maturity. Dry matter accumulation, yield and yield components were reduced by the soil water deficit stress and reduction was higher at R1 stage than R4 stage of water stress. Among the genotypes, G 00022 showed the highest tolerance, while G 00197 was highly susceptible in all the water stress conditions. It was found that higher water deficit stress tolerance in G 00022 was associated with higher accumulation of leaf, stem, root and total dry matter under water stress condition.Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016 19(2): 51-60

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Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Impacts of Different Levels of Long-Term Water Deficit Stress on Linum album Ky. ex Boiss. Accessions

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10121966 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 1966

Author(s):

Reza Kiani ◽

Vahideh Nazeri ◽

Majid Shokrpour ◽

Christophe Hano

Keyword(s):

Water Deficit ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth Cycle ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Linum Album ◽

Medicinal Value ◽

Different Levels

Linum album (Ky. ex Boiss.) is an important medicinal plant that produces compounds such as the well-known anticancer lignan podophyllotoxin and fatty acids. Despite its high medicinal value, it has not yet been studied in detail under agricultural conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate the morphological, phenological, and physiological responses of six L. album accessions under different levels of water deficit treatments (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% available water) in pot conditions. Based on the results, some of the morphological characteristics of the response to water deficit were established. Accessions UTLA7, UTLA9, and UTLA10 showed a higher seed yield and dry weight of the vegetative part. There was a substantial difference in the occurrence of phenological stages in the accessions. The maturation process was accelerated in plants under stress conditions, and accession UTLA9 completed its complete growth cycle faster than the other accessions. The physiological responses of the different accessions did not show the same pattern on the basis of the characteristics studied, and significant differences were observed depending on the trait and accession. Among the most important results of this study was the diversity of responses in different accessions. Based on these results, it is recommended that morphological features (such as seed yield per plant, plant height, number of inflorescences per plant, shoot and root dry weight) be used to select tolerant accessions for the desired product.

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