scholarly journals Removal of Zn2+ and Pb2+ using new isolates of Bacillus spp. PPS03 and Bacillus subtilis PPS04 from Paper mill effluents using indigenously designed Bench-top Bioreactor

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pushpendra Pal Singh ◽  
A. K. Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Bacillus Spp

Biosorption processes have the potential to decrease environmental hazards through their factors such as initial metal ion concentration, temperature, pH and biomass concentration in the solution. In the present study biosorption process was performed using the strains of Bacillus spp. PPS 03 (KF710041) and Bacillus subtilis PPS 04 (KF710042) isolated from sediment core of Paper mill effluent (PME) for the removal of Zn2+and Pb2+ in an indigenously designed Bench-top Bioreactor. The temperature, initial pH, biomass and incubation period of PME for Zn2+ and Pb2+ reduction was standardized. The strains exhibited significant reduction in Zn2+ and Pb2+ of PME to the extent of 73.29% and 85.64% with PPS 03 and 78.15% and 87.57% respectively with PPS 04 after 120 hrs of aerobic treatment. The reduction in the metals occurred from first day of the treatment, but the maximum reduction in these metals was observed after 120 hrs. at pH (7.0±0.2), temperature (35±1.0°C) and biomass (5% v/ v) of the bacterial strains. The removal of metals with strain PPS 04 was more in comparison to the strain PPS 03. The Freundlich isotherms on the data showed that it was linearly fitted for Zn2+and Pb2+. The values of correlation coefficient (R2) of Freundlich isotherms were greater than 0.812 for Pb2+ and Zn2+. The kinetic study for the rate of removal of Pb2+ and Zn2+ by both species was found to best fit a Pseudo first order reaction. The rate constant was found to be inversely proportional to the concentration of parameters. Thus, the microbial strains were found efficient for the biosorption/removal of Pb2+ and Zn2+.

scholarly journals Removal of barium, cobalt, strontium and zinc from solution by natural and synthetic allophane adsorbents

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Baldermann ◽  
Andrea Cäcilia Grießbacher ◽  
Claudia Baldermann ◽  
Bettina Purgstaller ◽  
Ilse Letofsky-Papst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Uptake Mechanism ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
Metal Ion Removal ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Transmission Electron

The capacity and the mechanism of the adsorption of aqueous barium (Ba), cobalt (Co), strontium (Sr) and zinc (Zn) by Ecuadorian (NatAllo) and synthetic (SynAllo-1 and SynAllo-2) allophanes were studied as a function of contact time, pH and metal ion concentration using kinetic and equilibrium experiments. The mineralogy, nano-structure and chemical composition of the allophanes were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and specific surface area analyses. The evolution of adsorption fitted to a pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, where equilibrium between aqueous metal ions and allophane was reached within < 10 min. The metal ion removal efficiencies varied from 0.7 to 99.7 % at pH 4.0 to 8.5. At equilibrium, the adsorption behavior is better described by the Langmuir model than by the Dubinin-Radushkevich model, yielding sorption capacities of 10.6, 17.2 and 38.6 mg/g for Ba^(2+), 12.4, 19.3 and 29.0 mg/g for HCoO_2^-, 7.2, 15.9 and 34.4 mg/g for Sr^(2+) and 20.9, 26.9 and 36.9 mg/g for Zn^(2+), respectively, by NatAllo, SynAllo-2 and SynAllo-1. The uptake mechanism is based on a physical adsorption process. Allophane holds great potential to remove aqueous metal ions and could be used instead of zeolites, montmorillonite, carbonates and phosphates for wastewater treatment.

Reduction of pollutants in pulp paper mill effluent treated by PCP-degrading bacterial strains

2008 ◽  
Vol 155 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Chandra ◽  
Abhay Raj ◽  
Sangeeta Yadav ◽  
Devendra Kumar Patel
Keyword(s):  
Paper Mill ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Pulp Paper

Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Prosopis juliflora as Potential Photocatalyst for the Treatment of Paper Mill Effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11394
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abbas ◽  
Sabah A. Hammad ◽  
Heba Sallam ◽  
Lamiaa Mahfouz ◽  
Mohamed K. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Ft Ir

This paper reports on the manufacture of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) from Prosopis juliflora leaf extracts. Various methods of characterization were used, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscope TEM. ZnO NPs has a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred orientation of 101 planes, according to XRD. The functional groups found in ZnO NPs isolated from leaves are responsible for the FT-IR peaks that correspond to them. The morphology of the produced nanoparticles is a sphere-like form, as shown in the SEM pictures. TEM examination revealed ZnO NPs with a size of 50–55 nm. These ZnO NPs were used to remediate pollutants in paper mill effluents, and they were able to remove 86% of the organic pollutants from the sample at 0.05 mg/L dose and reduce 89% of the organic pollutants during a 5-h reflex time. Meanwhile, for the photocatalysis of paper mill effluents, it has been noted that COD was removed by 74.30%, 63.23%, and 57.96% for the first, second, and third cycles, respectively.

The effects of nutrient limitation (nitrogen and phosphorus) on BOD removal from post-coagulated Pinus radiata sulfite pulp and paper mill wastewater in a baffled aerated stabilisation basin–laboratory pilot scale study

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Dewi ◽  
J. A. Van Leeuwen ◽  
A. Everson ◽  
S. C. Nothrop ◽  
C. W. K. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sulfite Pulp

The use of coagulation and flocculation for tertiary treatment of pulp and paper mill effluent was investigated, where the evaluation was based on the removal of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and BOD from post-coagulated wastewater. The study was undertaken on laboratory scale aerobic stabilisation basins (ASB). Two post coagulated (alum) wastewaters were studied, where the BOD:N:P ratios were 100:1.3:0.06 and 100:1.3:0.3. These wastewaters were treated in two identical concurrent simulations (A & B). The influent ratio for ‘A’ was selected representing the composition of actual coagulated Pinus radiata sulfite pulp effluent mixed with paper mill effluent. The input composition for ‘B’ represented a typical P concentration found in existing pulp and paper mill effluents. Unmodified sludge collected from a mill-pond was added at 4% v/v to each simulation replicating the treatment conditions at full-scale. Similar high percentage removals of BOD and COD occurred after 28 days (two HRTs) which were 94 and 67% respectively for ‘A’, and 98 and 70% respectively for ‘B’, where both remained at steady state during the third HRT. A statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was no significant difference in the sample variance of the BOD and COD results.

scholarly journals A review on bioremediation of pulp and paper mill effluent – An alternative to conventional remedial technologies

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Madan ◽  
Preeti Sachan ◽  
Utkarsh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Paper Mills ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents

At present, a large amount of water required for paper production and various chemicals has been identified in effluents, which is produced at different steps of paper making in paper mills. The pulp and paper industry is typically related to pollution difficulties related to high biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, suspended solids, lignin and chlorinated compounds. Several studies have been made on eliminate these difficulties of pulp and paper effluents, the problem still continues. Although the physical and chemical methods are on the track of treatment, they are not on par with biological treatment because of cost ineffectiveness and residual effects. The biological treatment is known to be effective in reducing the organic load and toxic effects of paper mill effluents. Some microorganisms including bacteria and fungi have been involved in degrading the chemicals present in pulp and paper mill effluent. This article is an overview of the attempts made by several researchers worldwide to use biotechnological methods for degradation of the toxic compounds present in pulp and paper mill effluents by using fungi, bacteria, algae and enzymes. The current study clearly shows that application of native dominant bacterial and fungal isolates may be used forthe treatment of large pulp and paper mills effluents.

scholarly journals Biosorption of nickel using mixed cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Uthra ◽  
K. Kadirvelu
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Nickel Removal ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Metal Ion Uptake ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Models ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

<p class="p1"><span class="s1"> </span>Biosorption of Ni(II) was investigated in this study using dead biomass of gram positive (<strong><em>Bacillus subtilis</em></strong>) and gram negative (<strong><em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em></strong>).The effects of pH, initial adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, contact time and temperature were studied in batch experiment. A contact time of 40 min, pH 5.0 and temperature 30<span class="s2">o</span>C were found to be optimum. Nickel removal decreased from 77 to 45% as the concentration increased from 50 to 250 mg/L. The Ni(II) removal increased from 45 to 75% as adsorbent dose increased from 0.25 to 1.5 g/L. The Langmuir and freundlich models for dynamics of metal of metal ion uptake proposed in this work fit the experimental data reasonably well. The adsorption capacity (Q<span class="s2">o</span>) calculated from Langmuir isotherm was 89.08 mg for Ni (II).<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></p>

scholarly journals A Study on Removal of Heavy Metal Chromium from Aqueous Chromium Solution Using Ipomoea carnea Root as Biosorbent

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Krishnaveni ◽  
V. Thirumurugan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Ipomoea Carnea ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Isotherms

Pollution is the main problem due to heavy metal discharges from industries .  In this study Ipomoea carnea  (Family:Convolvulaceae) is selected to remove the heavy metal chromium from aqueous chromium solution using biosorbent . The present work focuses to evaluate the effectiveness of low cost absorbent Ipomoea carnea  root powder. Various parameters like pH, biosorbent, dose, contact time and metal ion concentration are investigated using batch studies. A kinetic model study and isotherm model fitting study are studied using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Thermodyamic parameters ∆G, ∆H and ∆S are also seen. The results reveal that it follows pseudo first order kinetic model and also fit in the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The results are very much encouraging. So, it can be used as low cost biosorbent in controlling the pollution. Keywords: Pollution, Heavy metal, chromium, Ipomoea carnea, Batch adsorption study, Kinetics Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and Thermodynamic study.

Regulatory Requirements for Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Control: Scientific Basis and Consequences

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Folke
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Pulp And Paper Mill ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Paper Mill Effluents ◽  
Hazardous Compounds

The Ministers' Declaration from the 2nd North Sea Conference recommended a goal to be set to diminish the discharge of hazardous substances via rivers by 50% over the next 10 years, e.g. to diminish the discharge of persistent halogenated compounds from pulp and paper mill effluents. The Paris Convention adopted this recommendation later. Based on a study conducted for the EEC Commission, we have arrived at the following conclusions to fulfil this goal. For historic reasons the regulation of the pulp and paper industry includes some parameters which may not be the most appropriate ones, e.g. BOD5 and AOX. To regulate the bleached pulp mills by AOX/TOC1 is not recommendable. PCDD/PDDFs are very difficult to regulate at present. Regulation of polychlorinated phenolics (PoCPs) in the effluent may prove to be a valid indirect measure of TCDD-equivalents, but this has yet to be proven. To ensure sufficient removal of hazardous compounds, we recommend that standards for TSS be stringent, as the major fraction of hazardous compounds is associated with suspended solids (including PoCPs and PCDD/PCDFs). Effluent control should be based on pH, COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand using dichromic acid), TSS (total suspended solids) and PoCPs. At present there are not sufficient data available to establish a regulation based on these parameters. So, further data should be obtained.

Improved Study on the Performance of Polyacrylamide/Attapulgite Clay Composite Material Removing Copper (II) Ions from Aqueous Solution

2014 ◽  
Vol 609-610 ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
Chun Lei Li ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
Jun Long Zhang ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Jing Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Thermodynamics And Kinetics ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

A removal of Cu (II) ions from aqueous solutions onto PAM/ATP has been investigated using batch adsorption technique, including the effect of pH, contact time, initial metal ion concentration, adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics. PAM/ATP was characterized with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The equilibrium data were analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the best interpretation was given by Langmuir. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 212 mg/g after 60 min when pH =3. Regeneration experiments showed that the investigated PAM/ATP could be reused without significant adsorption losses even after five adsorption-desorption cycles.

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