scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis for grain yield, fodder yield and other agronomic traits in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1001-1005
Author(s):  
Sushil Kumar ◽  
Pooran Chand
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
Standard Heterosis ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Forty five hybrids derived from a diallel mating design of ten parents and one standard check PUSA CHARI-121 were evaluated for general and specific combining ability effects and standard heterosis for grain yield/plant, dry fodder yield/plant, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf length, leaf breadth and 100- seed weight of Sorghum bicolor. The mean square due to general and specific combining ability was significan for Days to 50% flowering, Days to maturity, Plant height (cm),No of Leaves/plant, Leaf length (cm), Leaf width (cm), seed yield/plant (g), Fodder yield/plant (q/ha) and 100-seed weight (g) for all the characters. Both additive and non additive genetic effects were present in the material under study. However the ratio of σ2gca/ σ2sca suggested that the preponderance of non additive gene action in expression of all the characters under study. Out of the nine parents PUSA CHARI-121, PANT CHARI-4, MP CHARI, PANT CHARI-6 and PANT CHARI-5 identified as good general combiner for grain yield/plant, dry fodder yield/plant and other agronomical traits. The hybrid HC-136 x PANT CHARI-4 and PANT CHARI-4 x PUSA CHARI-121 for grain yield/plant and hybrid MP CHARI x PANT CHARI-6, PANT CHARI-5 x SPV 1616 and HC-136 x PANT CHARI-4 for dry fodder yield/plant exhibited higher magnitude of positive significant specific combining ability effect with highest standard heterosis and per se performance. These hybrids were also found suitable for two or three yield contributing traits. In general, close association between specific combining ability effects and standard heterosis was observed among the best hybrids identified on the basis of specific combining ability effects for grain and dry fodder yield.

scholarly journals Comparación de sorgos (Sorghum bicolor L.) isogénicos para dos tipos de citoplasma, aptitud combinatoria general y específica.

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Héctor Williams ◽  
Raúl Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

The purpose of this study was to compare estimates of relati ve general and specific combining ability effects on isogenic hybrids in two different cytoplasm types (A1 and A2), and observe the possibility of use the A2 system for the commercialproduction of sorghum hybrids. Genotypes were evaluated in ten environments located in northern Mexico. Grain yield, days to flowering, grain moisture content at harvest, plant height, panicle lenght and panicle excertion were recorded from the experiments. Combining ability was estimated ac-cording to the model suggested by Beil and Atkins in 1967. Although in all studied, the characteristics generally, the best SCA and GCA were for A2 cytoplasm, there was no relation between cytoplasm type and combining ability. These results indicate that A2 cytoplasm can be used for commercial hybrid sorghum seed production, as an alternative to Al cytoplasm.

scholarly journals Combining Ability in Pearl Millet for Yield and Yield Attributing Characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 246-253
Author(s):  
A. A. Madane A. L. Suradkar ◽  
S. B. Pawar A. B. Bagade
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

The experimental material comprised of thirty two crosses along with twelve parents (four lines and eight testers) and standard checks AHB 1200 Fe and AHB 1269. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with two replications. The observations were recorded on ten characters viz., days to 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of effective tillers, earhead length, earhead head girth, downey mildew, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and fodder yield. The estimates of GCA effects revealed that most of the hybrids exhibiting higher grain yield than the standard hybrid check AHB 1200 Fe and AHB 1269 were based on two females viz., ICMA 91444 and ICMA 00888, and involved based on males viz., AUBI 15308 and AUBI 15615. The studies on specific combining ability (SCA) effects, it was observed ICMA 91444 x AUBI 15157 was observed the best specific combination for the trait grain yield.

Combining ability and heterosis studyin maize inbreds throughout diallel mating design

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609
Author(s):  
ANMS Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
AH Akhi ◽  
MZA Talukder ◽  
A Karim
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Action ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Type ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Ear Height

Combining ability effects were estimated for grain yield and some other important agronomic traits of maize in a 7×7 diallel analysis excluding reciprocals. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) were found significant for yield, days to pollen shedding, days to silking and ear height while it was found non-significant for plant height and number of kernels/ear. Non-significant general combining ability (GCA) variance for plant height and number of kernels/ear indicates that these two traits were predominantly controlled by non- additive type of gene action. Specific combining ability (SCA) was significant for all the characters except yield and days to silking. Non-significant specific combining ability (SCA) variance for yield and days to silking suggests that these two traits were predominantly controlled by additive type of gene action. Both GCA and SCA variances were found significant only in days to pollen shedding and ear height indicated the presence of additive as well as non additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except days to silking. Parent BIL95 was the best general combiner for both high yield and number of kernels/ear and parent BML4 for dwarf plant type. Two crosses (BML4× BML36 and BIL114× BIL31) exhibited significant and positive SCA effects for grain yield involved low × average and average × average general combining parents. The range of heterosis expressed by different crosses for grain yield and days to silking was from -65.83 to 21.26 percent and -17.85 to 8.22 percent, respectively.. The better performing three crosses (BIL114×BIL31, BIL138×BIL95 and BIL31×BIL95) can be utilized for developing high yielding hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid vigour.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(4): 599-609, December 2018

scholarly journals Combining ability studies for yield, associated traits and quality attributes in rice for South Gujarat (Oryza sativa L.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
Navin Chander Gahtyari ◽  
P. I. Patel ◽  
Rakesh Choudhary ◽  
Sudhir Kumar ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
General Combining Ability ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Length

Line x tester analysis using a set of four females, ten males and their forty hybrids was carried out to esti-mate the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of hybrids for yield and ten other associ-ated components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a Randomized Block Design during Kharif 2011. GCA variances for females (s2f) were significant at 0.1% level of significance for plant height (40.8), no. of grains per panicle (505.9), grain yield per plant (29.1), test weight(17.9), straw yield per plant (61.3) and kernel L/B ratio (0.2) whereas specific combining ability (SCA) variances for f x m interactions were highly significant for all the characters. Non-additive gene action was prevalent in all characters (Range: 0.03 in amylose content to 0.88 in kernel length breadth ratio) except plant height (1.33) as evident by low GCA to SCA ratio. None of the parents were good general combiner for all traits, however, female IR-28 and male AMT-119 and PNR-546 were good general combiners for a maximum number of traits i.e. five traits out of eleven.. The general combining ability for grain yield per plant for female parent Gurjari (6.19) and NVSR-178 (5.29); and male parents AMT 119 (2.73) and PNR 546 (2.44) makes them a good choice for improving yields in a hybridization programme as these female and male parents are also having signifi-cant GCA effects for maximum number of yield associated traits i.e. four and five traits out of eleven for female and male parents respectively. A vis-à-vis comparison of top three specific combining ability crosses with their mean performance showed correlation and these crosses were having at least one good general combining ability parent.

scholarly journals CORRELATIONS AMONG GRAIN YIELD, YIELD AND WEED ATTRIBUTES OF MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L.) AS INFLUENCED BY WEED CONTROL METHOD AND POULTRY MANURE RATE IN KANO STATE NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-284
Author(s):  
Dr. Muhammad Sani Garko ◽  
K. D. Dawaki ◽  
M. A. Yawale ◽  
I. B. Mohammed ◽  
A. Y. Yaroson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Direct Contribution ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Field trials were conducted during the rainy season of 2017 at Teaching and Research Farm of Bayero University and Kano State Livestock development Centre Dangora. To determine the magnitude and nature of the association between growth characters and grain yield of maize, as well as the percentage contribution of each of this independent variable on the dependant variable (yield).The trails consist of six weed control methods, three levels of poultry manure and three varieties of maize. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with variety allocated to the main plot, poultry manure to the sub-plot while weed control method to the sub-sub plot, and was replicated three times.  Grain yield correlated positively and significantly with growth and yield characters evaluated while weed dry weight and weed index were highly negatively correlated. The direct and indirect contributions results indicate that plant height had the highest direct contribution at BUK and Dangora in 2016 and Doka 2017 while plant dry matter accumulation had the highest direct contribution at Dangora in 2017. Cob diameter had the least direct effect in the study; the highest indirect effect was from cob diameter through plant height. The percentage individual contribution to grain yield showed that plant height made the highest contribution at BUK and Dangora in 2016, while cob diameter at both locations and plant dry matter at Dangora resulted in the least contribution. The combined contribution of dry matter and 100-seed weight was the highest positive contribution at BUK and that of plant height via 100-seed weight all in 2016 while cob length via 100-seed weight made the least negative contribution at BUK.

scholarly journals Estimation of combining ability for yield and yield component traits in upland rice (Oryza Sativa L.) of Uttarakhand hills

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 406-414
Author(s):  
J. P. Aditya ◽  
Anuradha Bhartiya
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Kernel Length ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Additive Gene

Combining ability for grain yield and its component characters in rainfed upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied during Kharif 2014 using half diallel involving ten parents viz., VL Dhan 221, Vivek Dhan 154, VL 30240, VL 7620, VL 30560, VL 8116, VL 8549, VL 8724, VL 8732 and Sukradhan1. Both general combining ability (gca) and specific combining ability (sca) variances were found to be highly significant for the characters viz., plant height (gca=85.42; sca=23.12), days to 50% flowering (gca=101.61; sca=42.61), days to maturity (gca=90.37; sca=37.73), tillers per plant (gca=4.63; sca=1.38), panicle per plant (gca=2.36; sca=0.90),kernel length (gca=28.88; sca=23.61), kernel width (gca=1.64; sca=1.92),1000 grain weight (gca=3.60; sca=4.91), grain yield per plot (gca=8.57; sca=3.03), fertile grains per panicle (gca=690.67; sca=300.95) and grains per panicle (gca=1050.58; sca=437.75) indicating the importance of additive and non-additive gene actions in the expression of these traits. However, predominance of non-additive gene action was recorded for all the characters. Parents VL Dhan 221, VL 7620, VL 30560, Sukradhan 1 were good general combiners for grain yield and related characters. VL Dhan 221 and Vivek Dhan 154 were good general combiners for plant height and earliness. On the basis of specific combining ability effects, cross combinations Vivek Dhan 154 x VL 8549, VL 7620 x VL 30560, VL 8549 x VL 8732, VL 30560 x VL 8116 and VL 30240 x VL 8116 were the best specific combiner for grain yield per plot and other associated characters viz., plant height, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, kernel length and kernal width.

scholarly journals Studies on variability, heritability and genetic advance for yield and yield contributing characters in french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm under tarai region of Uttarakhand

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1926-1930
Author(s):  
Ankit Panchbhaiya ◽  
Dhirendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Vinod Jatav ◽  
Sanganamoni Mallesh ◽  
Priyanka Verma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Cluster Number ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Seventy four French bean germplasms were evaluated for twenty two quantitative traits to study the genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance during Jan-Feb in G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. Significant differences were observed among all genotypes. Higher genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability were observed for plant height, seed yield per plant, pod yield per plant, pod yield per hectare, number of pods per cluster, number of pods per plant and 100 seed weight (42.45% and 43.30%, 39.72% and 42.34%, 27.59% and 32.12%, 27.59% and 32.12%, 25.01% and 28.14%, 24.56% and 26.76% and 22.65% and 22.96% respectively). High heritability coupled with high genetic advance over mean were observed for plant height, seed yield per plant, pod yield per plant, pod yield per hectare, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, number of pods per cluster, leaf length, single pod weight, pod diameter, pod length, number of pod clusters per plant, leaf width, seed length, number of seeds per pod and seed width (96.34% and 85.73%, 88.03% and 76.77%, 73.80% and 48.83%, 73.80% and 48.83%, 84.20% and 46.42%, 97.34% and 46.04%, 45.78% and 78.96%, 38.88% and 89.58%, 38.21% and 92.70%, 92.69% and 35.45%, 90.13% and 34.48%, 32.47% and 79.39%, 28.03% and 79.60%, 26.92% and 99.04%, 56.27% and 24.85%, and 97.82% and 24.01% respectively) indicate predominance additive gene action. Thus, there is ample scope for improving these characters through direct selection.

scholarly journals INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Sajid Fiaz ◽  
Muhammad Aslam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Twenty chickpea genotypes including four varieties were evaluated for the existence of genetic variability and to know the interrelationship among yield traits under study during 2013-2014, at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Data were recorded on number of days taken to flowering, number of primary branches plant-1, number of secondary branches plant -1, plant height, number of days taken to maturity, number of pods plant -1, numbers of seed pods-1, total plant weight, Number of grains plant-1, 100- seed weight and grain yield plant-1. The obtained data were analyzed for genetic variability parameters, correlation and path coefficient analysis.  The height broad sense heritability estimates were obtained for 100-seed weight (0.977), plant height (0.971), total plant weight (0.971) and number of primary branches plant-1.  Genetic advance was higher for plant height (9.054), total plant weight (9.054), number of pods plant-1 (6.414) and 100-seed weight (2.941). The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was invariably slightly higher than their corresponding genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) due to influence of environment on character expression. Heritability estimates were higher for all characters except number of days taken to maturity and number of grains per plant, which exhibited moderate heritability. Hundred seed weight, plant height, total plant weight and primary branches per plant would be the suitable selection criteria to accomplish better grain yield in chickpea.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis in common bean cultivars

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 1143-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Lucas Silvério ◽  
Haroldo Tavares Elias ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Kvitschal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The objective of this work was to determine the combining ability and heterosis, for productivity and yield components, in diallel hybrids derived from crossings between BRSMG-Talismã, IPR Uirapuru, FT Soberano, BRS Campeiro, IAC Tybatã, and IPR Juriti parent cultivars. Fifteen hybrids were generated from diallel crosses, excluding reciprocals. The general and specific combining abilities were significant for plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, number of seeds per pod, 50-seed weight, and grain yield, indicating the occurrence of both additive and nonadditive genetic effects. The best strategy to be adopted is the use of BRS Campeiro, FT Soberano and BRSMG-Talismã cultivars in common bean breeding programs involving selection. The most promising combinations were 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'IAC Tybatã', 'IPR Uirapuru' x 'FT Soberano', 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IPR Juriti', and 'BRS Campeiro' x 'IAC Tybatã'. The parents of these hybrids presented high estimates of specific combining abilities. Hybridization of cultivars belonging to distinguished commercial groups propitiates higher heterosis values in the segregant population.

Combining abilities of certain characters and estimation of hybrid vigour in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Göksoy ◽  
Z. M. Turan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Specific Combining Ability ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Number Of Seeds

This research was carried out in 1997 and 1998 in order to study the genetic structure of a hybrid population established from three CMS (cytoplasmic male sterile) lines and four pollen tester (restorer) lines, to identify the parents and crosses showing superior general and specific combining abilities and finally to evaluate F1 hybrid vigour. According to the results, the variance due to specific combining ability (SCA) was highly significant for seed yield, number of seeds per head and plant height. These traits of sunflower were influenced, mostly, by dominant gene actions. Neither general (GCA) nor specific combining ability (SCA) variances were found to be significant for head diameter and 1000-seed weight. most of the total genetic variation in these characteristics was caused by epistatic gene actions due to SCA variances, which were higher than GCA variances. The parental lines CMS381, CMS461, RHA684 and RHA892 had the highest positive GCA effects for seed yield and in terms of the other traits studied, but these effects were not significant for all the traits observed. The crosses CMS191×RHA723, CMS191×RHA892, CMS381×RHA684 and CMS461×RHA684 might be considered as promising combinations in terms of seed yield and yield components. The amounts of heterosis and heterobeltiosis ranged from -8.4 to +16.3% to -21.3 to +3.4% for plant height, from 46.3-82.3% to 20.3-48.3% for head diameter, from -14.8 to +52.6% to.-16.5 +46.9% for number of seeds per head, from -3.3 to +42.7 to -19.0 to +21.0% for 1000-seed weight and from 19.8-98.1 to 4.6-89.8% for seed yield.

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