scholarly journals Increase in wheat production through management of abiotic stresses : A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1070-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamta Kajla ◽  
Vinaya Kumar Yadav ◽  
Jaswant Khokhar ◽  
Samar Singh ◽  
R. S. Chhokar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Time Stress ◽  
Increasing Demand

About 9% of area on earth is under crops out of which 91% is under various stresses. On an average, about 50% yield losses are due to abiotic stresses mostly due to high temperature (20%), low temperature (7%), salinity (10%), drought (9%) and other abiotic stresses (4%). As there is no scope for increasing area under agriculture, the increased productivity from these stressed land is a must to meet the ever increasing demand. Further, the severity of abiotic stresses is likely to increase due to changing climate leading to adverse effect on crops. Therefore, abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, sodicity, acidity, water logging, heat, nutrient toxicities/ deficiencies etc need to be effectively addressed through adoption of management practices like tillage and planting options, residue management, sowing time, stress tolerant cultivars, irrigation scheduling and integrated nutrient management to conserve natural resources, mitigating their adverse effect and sustainable wheat production.

scholarly journals Landscape diagnostic survey data of wheat production practices and yield in eastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Anurag Ajay ◽  
Peter Craufurd ◽  
Sachin Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Production Practices

Approximately 7,600 wheat plots were surveyed and geo-tagged in the 2017-18 winter or rabi season in Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh (UP) in India to capture farmers’ wheat production practices at the landscape level. A two-stage cluster sampling method, based on Census data and electoral rolls, was used to identify 210 wheat farmers in each of 40 districts. The survey, implemented in Open Data Kit (ODK), recorded 226 variables covering major crop production factors such as previous crop, residue management, crop establishment method, variety and seed sources, nutrient management, irrigation management, weed flora and their management, harvesting method and farmer reported yield. Crop cuts were also made in 10% of fields. Data were very carefully checked with enumerators. These data should be very useful for technology targeting, yield prediction and other spatial analyses.

scholarly journals Physical Characteristics of Soil as Influenced by Integrated Organic Nutrient Management Practices - A Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Singh ◽  
Amit Kumar Pandey ◽  
Umesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Continuous Use ◽  
Physical Productivity ◽  
Growing Population

Sustaining the productivity at higher level to meet the increasing demand of food, fuel and fiber for the growing population is the key issue in Indian agriculture. Among the factors, continuous use of imbalanced fertilizers and decline in soil physical productivity and organic matter are considered responsible. To improve soil physical condition and improve organic matter status of soil, incorporation of organic sources of nutrient in combination with chemical fertilizers are recommended. This review pertinent to the present investigation has been reviewed.

Effect of nitrogen fertilization and residue management on the productivity of winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Berhanu ◽  
T. Kismányoky ◽  
K. Sárdi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Organic Source

Nutrient management practices that concurrently improve soil properties and yield are essential for sustaining barley production. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of balanced nitrogen fertilizer application involving farmyard manure (FYM) and residue management. The experiment had a factorial arrangement of five levels of mineral N and two organic fertilizer sources. The five levels of N fertilizer were applied in three replicates in combination with each of the two organic sources and a control (without organic source). Average plant height (PH), grain yield (GY), and straw yield (SY) were significantly (P <0.05) influenced by the main effect of N application and organic source; however their interaction was insignificant. The highest grain yield (103%) was obtained with 120 kg N compared to the control. The grain yield increased by 23.4% and 44% with FYM and residue, respectively, against the untreated control.

scholarly journals Drought and salinity stresses in barley: Consequences and mitigation strategies

2019 ◽  
pp. 810-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman EL Sabagh ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
Md. Shohidul Islam ◽  
Celaleddin Barutcular ◽  
Saddam Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Barley Plant

Recent trends show reductions in crop productivity worldwide due to severe climatic change. Different abiotic stresses significantly affect the growth and development of plants, leading to decreased crop yields. Salinity and drought stresses are the most common abiotic stresses, especially in arid and semi–arid regions, and are major constraints for barley production. The present review attempts to provide comprehensive information related to barley plant responses and adaptations to drought and salinity stresses, including physiological and agronomic, in order to alleviate the adverse effect of stresses in barley. These stresses reduce assimilation rates, as they decrease stomatal conductance, disrupt photosynthetic pigments, reduce gas exchange, enhance production of reactive oxygen species, and lead to decreased plant growth and productivity. This review focuses on the strategies plants use to respond and adapt to drought and salinity stress. Plants utilize a range of physiological and biochemical mechanisms such as adaptation strategies, through which the adverse effects can be mitigated. These include soil management practices, crop establishment, as well as foliar application of anti-oxidants and growth regulators that maintain an appropriate level of water in the leaves to facilitate adjustment of osmotic and stomatal performance. The present review highlighted the adverse effect of drought and salinity stresses barley and their mitigation strategies for sustainable barley production under changing climate. They review also underscored that exogenous application of different antioxidants could play a significant role in the alleviation of salinity and drought stress in plant systems.

Precision Management Practices for Legal Cultivation of Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 187-209
Author(s):  
Aitazaz Ahsan Farooque ◽  
Farhat Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Precision Management ◽  
Industry Needs ◽  
Disease Free

Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) growers worldwide lack reliable and research-based information about precision management practices (PMP) of cannabis. The history, legal framework, and PMP for cultivation of cannabis have been reviewed with special emphasis on water management, nutrient management, and disease control for optimum cannabis production. The aim is to provide guidelines for precision farming of cannabis to meet fibrous and medicinal needs of the humankind. Therefore, the scope of this chapter is for the potential of hemp cultivation to meet industry needs of fiber and medicine. Methods of irrigation scheduling, nutrient applications, and keeping greenhouse hygienically clean for disease-free (i.e., powdery mildew) hemp production are discussed. Reviewed and recommended application rates of irrigation and nutrients, and environment controls have been tabulated. Chemical, biological, and physical controls of PM control and crop input requirements for disease-free cultivation of hemp are presented.

Influence of Irrigation Scheduling and Nutrient Application on Water Use, Productivity and Profitability of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Balasubramanian ◽  
R. Babu ◽  
C.R. Chinnamuthu ◽  
K. Kumutha ◽  
P.P. Mahendran
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhiza ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Use Efficiency

Background: Irrigation and proper nutrient management that determines the productivity of the groundnut especially during the critical stages of the crop growth. Methods: The experiments laid out in split plot design comprising of three levels of irrigation scheduling [0.8 IW/CPE ratio (I1), 0.6 IW/CPE ratio (I2) and 0.4 IW/CPE ratio (I3)] in main plots and four nutrient management practices viz., N1- 75% of RDF with 5 t of charred rice husk, N2 - 50% of RDF with 5 t of charred rice husk, N3 - 75% of RDF with 5 t of charred rice husk along with seed treatment of Abuscular mycorrhiza and N4 - 50% of RDF with 5 t of charred rice husk along with seed treatment Arbuscular mycorrhiza in sub plots and replicated thrice. Result: Highest pod yield (2003, 2099 and 2063 kg ha-1 during summer, kharif and rabi 2017, respectively) of groundnut was registered with irrigation scheduling at 0.8 IW/CPE ratio along with 75% of RDF and 5 t of charred rice husk as basal with seed treatment of Arbuscular mycorrhiza. The maximum water use efficiency was also recorded under of the same treatment (4.16, 7.07 and 4.86 kg ha-1 mm-1 during the various seasons respectively). The highest B:C ratio of 2.2, 2.4 and 2.2 was recorded during summer, kharif and rabi 2017, respectively were also registered with same combination irrigation and nutrient management.

scholarly journals Integrated nutrition management in pigeon pea intercropping systems for enhancing production and productivity in sustainable manner– A review

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2143-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumawat ◽  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Jagdeesh Morya ◽  
I.S. Tomar ◽  
R. S. Meena
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The World

India is the largest producer and consumer of pulses in the world accounting for about 29 per cent of the world area and 19 per cent of the world’s production. In order to achieve self-sufficiency in pulses, the projected requirement by the year 2025 is estimated at 27.5 MT. To meet this requirement, the productivity needs to be enhanced to 1000 kg/ha, and an additional area of about 3-4 Mha has to be brought under pulses besides reducing post-harvest losses. This uphill task has to be accomplished under more severe production constraints, especially abiotic stresses, abrupt climatic changes, emergence of new species/ strains of insect-pests and diseases, and in-creasing deficiency of secondary and micronutrients in the soil. This requires a two-pronged proactive strategy, i.e. improving per unit productivity and reducing cost of production. The yield levels of pulses have remained low and stagnant, also area and total production. Among the pulses pigeon pea is second most important grain-legumes and major constraints in pigeon pea production is mostly grown in grown on marginal lands under rainfed agriculture and without nutrient management, hence are prone to abiotic stresses. Therefore, it is essential for higher production and productivity of pigeon pea, use of high yielding varieties which suitable for intercrop as well as sole cropping system with best nutrient management practices.

INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014
Author(s):  
Sulaiman & Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
The Impact

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.

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