scholarly journals Performance Analyses of 15 kW Grid-Tied Photo Voltaic Solar System Type under Baghdad city climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Nibras Mahmood Obaid ◽  
Emad T. Hashim ◽  
Naseer K. Kasim
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Current Output ◽  
Performance Analyses

The performance analyses of 15 kWp (kW peak) Grid -Tied solar PV system (that considered first of its type) implemented at the Training and Energy Research Center Subsidiary of Iraqi Ministry of Electricity in Baghdad city has been achieved. The system consists of 72 modules arranged in 6 strings were each string contains 12 modules connected in series to increase the voltage output while these strings connected in parallel to increase the current output. According to the observed duration, the reference daily yields, array daily yields and final daily yields of this system were (5.9, 4.56, 4.4) kWh/kWp/day respectively. The energy yield was 1585 kWh/kWp/year while the annual total solar irradiation received by solar array system was 1986.4kWh/m2. The average power losses per day of array, system losses and overall losses were (1.38, 0.15, 1.53) kWh/kWp/day respectively. The average capacity factor and performance ratio per year were 18.4% and 75.5% respectively. These results highlighted the performance analyses of this PV solar system located in Baghdad city. The performance can be considered as good and significant comparing with other world PV solar stations.  

scholarly journals The Analysis Performance of a Grid-Connected 8.2 kWp Photovoltaic System in the Patagonia Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9227
Author(s):  
Humberto Vidal ◽  
Marco Rivera ◽  
Patrick Wheeler ◽  
Nicolás Vicencio
Keyword(s):  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Electrical Grid ◽  
Information Sets ◽  
Electrical Loads

Solar PV structures for locations at high latitudes in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres are increasingly in the spotlight. The work reported in this paper analyses the behaviour of a grid-connected 8.2 kWp photovoltaic system to either feed on-site electrical loads (a public institution, Corporación Nacional Forestal (CONAF), located 5.5 km south of Punta Arenas, lat. 53° S) or to feed into the electrical grid when the photovoltaic system generation is higher than the on-site load demand. The system simulation uses the PVSyst software with Meteonorm derived and measured climate information sets (ambient temperature, solar irradiation and wind speed). The agreement between the simulated and measured energy yield is analysed including the evaluation of the optimal generation energy of the PV array, the energy that is fed into the network, the performance ratio, and the normalised energy generation per installed kWp. The PV system considered in this work generates 7005.3 kWh/year, out of which only 6778 kWh/year are injected into the grid. The measured annual performance ratio is around 89%. The normalised productions of the inverter output or final system yield, i.e., useful energy, is 3.6 kWh/kWp/day. The measured annual average capacity factor obtained from this study is 15.1%. These performance parameters will encourage greater use of photovoltaic technology in the Chilean Patagonia region.

scholarly journals Fýsileiki virkjunar sólarorku á norðurslóðum: Reynsla af sólarpanelum IKEA á Íslandi

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Sindri Þrastarson ◽  
Björn Marteinsson ◽  
Hrund Ólöf Andradóttir
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Specific Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Systems

The efficiency and production costs of solar panels have improved dramatically in the past decades. The Nordic countries have taken steps in instigating photovoltaic (PV) systems into energy production despite limited incoming solar radiation in winter. IKEA installed the first major PV system in Iceland with 65 solar panels with 17.55 kW of production capacity in the summer of 2018. The purpose of this research was to assess the feasibility of PV systems in Reykjavík based on solar irradiation measurements, energy production of a PV array located at IKEA and theory. Results suggests that net irradiation in Reykjavík (64°N, 21° V) was on average about 780 kWh/m2 per year (based on years 2008-2018), highest 140 kWh/m2 in July and lowest 1,8 kWh/m2 in December. Maximum annual solar power is generated by solar panels installed at a 40° fixed angle. PV panels at a lower angle produce more energy during summer. Conversely, higher angles maximize production in the winter. The PV system produced over 12 MWh over a one-year period and annual specific yield was 712 kWh/kW and performance ratio 69% which is about 10% lower than in similar studies in cold climates. That difference can be explained by snow cover, shadow falling on the panels and panels not being fixed at optimal slope. Payback time for the IKEA PV system was calculated 24 years which considers low electricity prices in Reykjavik and unforeseen high installation costs. Solar energy could be a feasible option in the future if production- and installation costs were to decrease and if the solar PV output could be sold to the electric grid in Iceland.

scholarly journals Experimental study for the effect of dust cleaning on the performance of grid-tied photovoltaic solar systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Naseer K. Kasim ◽  
Nibras M. Obaid ◽  
Hatim G. Abood ◽  
Raed Abed Mahdi ◽  
Ali Mohmood Humada
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Dust Storms ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Cleaning System

One of the challenges facing investment in photovoltaic (PV) energy is the accumulation of dust on the surface of the PV panels due to frequent dust storms in many countries, including Iraq. Surface dust particles reduce solar irradiance which declining the electrical performance of the PV solar systems. Therefore, this paper proposes an experimental study to analyze and evaluate the power efficiency of a PV system installed in Baghdad city, Iraq. The performance of dusty solar PV array is compared with that of the clean array of the same PV system. The clean solar array is equipped with an automatic-sprayer cleaning system that is powered by the PV system. The automatic cleaning system utilized in the test system reduces human effort by cleaning the PV array using closed-cycle water with low energy consumption (less than 10 Wh). The PV array under test is part of a 15 kW grid-tied PV system. The experimental results show significant improvement in the performance parameters of efficiency, performance ratio, and the energy gain compared to the clean array. Furthermore, the experimental study contributes to a reduction in CO2 emission, which is substantial for the Iraqi environment that suffers from predominate fossil-fuel power plants.

Comparison Position of Solar PV System : College Learning Building South Lampung

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rishal Asri
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
College Learning ◽  
A Performance

Sunlight is energy that can be converted into electrical energy. One of the uses is by applying it to the roof ofthe building. The application in this building has restrictions such as the placement of the PV moduleshorizontally and vertically. In the study comparing the results of energy obtained from the PV system withhorizontal and vertical positions with a standard degree angle in the direction of azimuth sunlight. Positionusing the horizontal produces more energy and reaches a performance ratio of more than 80%.

scholarly journals Reconfigurable Distributed Power Electronics Technique for Solar PV Systems

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Kamran Ali Khan Niazi ◽  
Yongheng Yang ◽  
Tamas Kerekes ◽  
Dezso Sera
Keyword(s):  
Energy Yield ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Charge Redistribution ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Pv Systems ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
In Series ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Power Balancing

A reconfiguration technique using a switched-capacitor (SC)-based voltage equalizer differential power processing (DPP) concept is proposed in this paper for photovoltaic (PV) systems at a cell/subpanel/panel-level. The proposed active diffusion charge redistribution (ADCR) architecture increases the energy yield during mismatch and adds a voltage boosting capability to the PV system under no mismatch by connected the available PV cells/panels in series. The technique performs a reconfiguration by measuring the PV cell/panel voltages and their irradiances. The power balancing is achieved by charge redistribution through SC under mismatch conditions, e.g., partial shading. Moreover, PV cells/panels remain in series under no mismatch. Overall, this paper analyzes, simulates, and evaluates the effectiveness of the proposed DPP architecture through a simulation-based model prepared in PSIM. Additionally, the effectiveness is also demonstrated by comparing it with existing conventional DPP and traditional bypass diode architecture.

scholarly journals Techno-economic feasibility analysis of a 3-kW PV system installation in Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramhari Poudyal ◽  
Pavel Loskot ◽  
Ranjan Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Pv System

AbstractThis study investigates the techno-economic feasibility of installing a 3-kilowatt-peak (kWp) photovoltaic (PV) system in Kathmandu, Nepal. The study also analyses the importance of scaling up the share of solar energy to contribute to the country's overall energy generation mix. The technical viability of the designed PV system is assessed using PVsyst and Meteonorm simulation software. The performance indicators adopted in our study are the electric energy output, performance ratio, and the economic returns including the levelised cost and the net present value of energy production. The key parameters used in simulations are site-specific meteorological data, solar irradiance, PV capacity factor, and the price of electricity. The achieved PV system efficiency and the performance ratio are 17% and 84%, respectively. The demand–supply gap has been estimated assuming the load profile of a typical household in Kathmandu under the enhanced use of electric appliances. Our results show that the 3-kWp PV system can generate 100% of electricity consumed by a typical residential household in Kathmandu. The calculated levelised cost of energy for the PV system considered is 0.06 $/kWh, and the corresponding rate of investment is 87%. The payback period is estimated to be 8.6 years. The installation of the designed solar PV system could save 10.33 tons of CO2 emission over its lifetime. Overall, the PV systems with 3 kWp capacity appear to be a viable solution to secure a sufficient amount of electricity for most households in Kathmandu city.

A techno-economic analysis of the roof top off-grid solar PV system for Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mantosh Kumar ◽  
Kumari Namrata ◽  
Akshit Samadhiya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Solar Pv System

Abstract As the exhaust rate of the conventional sources has geared up already, this is compelling the power industries to install the power plants based on the non-conventional sources so that future demand of the energy supply can be fulfilled. Among the various sources of renewable energy like wind, hydro, tidal etc., solar energy is the most easily accessible and available renewable energy source. Ensuring the feasibility of any energy source not only technical but also the economical perspective is the most important criteria. This paper has incorporated both the perspective and has done the techno-economic analysis to determine the optimum combination of the PV array size and battery size to minimize the overall electricity generation per unit. In this paper, a standalone solar PV system has been analyzed for the location of Jamshedpur, where an effort has been done to choose the optimum combination of the solar array and battery size within the desired range of LLP so that the electricity generation cost per unit can be minimized. The overall duration of the analysis has been done for a year and the outcome of the research has been verified with the help of MATLAB software.

scholarly journals Design and evalution of a solar PV system

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Imad Jawad Khadim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Electricity Grid ◽  
Average System ◽  
Solar Pv System ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption

PV connected systems are worldwide installed because it allows consumer to reduce energy consumption from the electricity grid. This paper presents the results obtained from monitoring a 1.1 kWp. The system was monitored for nine months and all the electricity generated was fed to the fifth floor for physics and renewable energy building   220 V, 50 Hz. Monthly, and daily performance parameters of the PV system are evaluated which include: average generated of system Ah per day, average system efficiency, solar irradiation around these months. The average generated kWh per day was 8 kWh/day, the average solar irradiation per day was 5.6 kWh/m2/day, the average inverter efficiency was 95%, the average modules efficiency was 12%.

Solar Array and Battery Sizing for a Photovoltaic Building in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Nabipour Afrouzi ◽  
Saeed Vahabi Mashak ◽  
Zulkurnain Abdul-Malek ◽  
Kamyar Mehranzamir ◽  
Behnam Salimi
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Cost ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Pv Array ◽  
Pv Module ◽  
Mathematical Equations ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

Renewable energy plays an important role in the national energy policy especially in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. For a photovoltaic (PV) system, one important consideration is the cost of the system. One needs to select the best PV array from a range of selection, that is, the one which is the most efficient and with a best price. This article illustrates a method to compute the size and cost of a required PV array, and then after to compute the required battery for the case of a photovoltaic building in Malaysia. The computation is simulated using Matlab integrated with suitable mathematical equations. The generated current and power of the PV array are calculated for daily solar irradiation in Malaysia. The computation enables the user to quickly compute the initial cost needed to be spent if a given PV system is to be installed. A typical building requiring 12 kWh daily energy with 6 kW peak demand load was shown to need at least 114 solar modules at a cost of about RM53k. It is noted that the main cost of the whole PV system is mainly contributed by the cost of the chosen PV array. Hence, the right choice of a PV module is vital in achieving the minimum cost.

scholarly journals Design and Simulation of a PV System Operating in Grid-Connected and Stand-Alone Modes for Areas of Daily Grid Blackouts

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moien A. Omar ◽  
Marwan M. Mahmoud
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
State Of Charge ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Energy Yield ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Storage Battery ◽  
Pv System ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Battery State Of Charge ◽  
Continuous Power

The electricity in Gaza, Palestine, is limited and scheduled for 4-10 hours per day due to political reasons. This status represents a real problem for different sectors. This paper presents an effective solution especially for the energy supply problem in the residential sector by using an unconventional PV system which operates in stand-alone and grid-connected modes. The system includes a storage battery block with a proper capacity to secure for continuous power supply of a residential house with a daily energy load of 10 kWh. It was found that an unconventional PV system of 3.2 kWp and a storage battery block of 19.2 kWh will be able to cover the total daily energy demands of the house including the outlined electricity cutoff hours. The design of this system and specifics of its components are presented in this paper. The system was simulated by Matlab software, where the daily load curve, grid cutoff hours, and the monthly solar radiation are considered. The obtained simulation results show that the produced PV energy exceeds the load demands during nine months of the year, and thereby, a high battery state of charge (SOC) in the range of 73-84% is achieved. During the three months of the lowest solar radiation (Dec.-Feb.), the produced PV energy is equal to the load demand while the battery state of charge varies in the range of 40-49% which verifies the appropriateness of the proposed PV system. The daily energy yield of the PV system varies between 2.6 and 5.4 kWh/kWp in January and July, respectively, which corresponds to a performance ratio of 90% and 66.25%, respectively.

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