scholarly journals The Use of SBS-Modified Binder to Eliminate the Aggregate Gradation Deviation Effects in Asphalt Mixtures

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 68-85
Author(s):  
Dhuha F. Abbas ◽  
Hasan Al Mosawe
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
The Impact

  Asphalt Hot Mix (HMA) is mainly applied in highway construction in Iraq because of its economic advantage and easy maintenance. Various factors impact the performance of HMA in the field. It is one of the significant impacts on aggregate gradation. The Universal Specification for Roads and Bridges in Iraq (SCRB) limits the different types of asphalt layers and allows for designed tolerance aggregate gradation. It is quite hard for contractors in the present asphalt industries to achieve the required job mix because of sieves' control problems. This study focuses on the effects on the required specification performance of aggregate deviations by using original and modified asphalt binder with AC(40-50) and 4% SBS, respectively. A mid gradation of the base asphalt mixture was selected as a reference mix, and more than 24 deviated mixtures were then prepared. Typical Marshall routine studies on prepared compounds were performed to assess the properties of the mixture. Bailey's theory (CA, Fac ratios) was also employed for understanding the impact of these deviations on the arrangement of particles and blending performance. Results show that the mixture performance is not affected greatly by minor aggregate deviations. However, a significant deviation in coarse aggregates leads to a decrease in Marshall properties. Results showed that a good tool for understanding mixing performance is the Bailey performance assessment method. This paper aims to study the effects of using  4% Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) and eliminating the effect of aggregate gradation deviations on the mixture performance.

Highly Modified Asphalt Binder for Asphalt Crack Relief Mix

2017 ◽  
Vol 2630 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus S. Gaspar ◽  
Kamilla L. Vasconcelos ◽  
Amanda H. M. da Silva ◽  
Liedi L. B. Bernucci
Keyword(s):  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Reflective Cracking ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Overlay ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Reflective cracking is a common issue with respect to rehabilitated asphalt pavements, especially when the rehabilitation is done by applying a hot-mix asphalt overlay on the existing damaged pavement. Several approaches can be adopted to delay reflective cracking. They include an increase of the overlay thickness and the use of a stress relief asphalt mixture (SRAM), which is a fine-graded, flexible, and thin asphalt interlayer. Because the efficiency of a SRAM is highly related to the properties of the asphalt binder used in the mixture, it is of interest to use a highly modified asphalt (HiMA) binder. This paper describes a field test comprising three sections at BR-116 (a heavily trafficked highway in Brazil). One of the rehabilitation strategies used for a cracked asphalt pavement was a 2.5-cm SRAM (produced with a HiMA binder) and 5-cm styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) hot-mix asphalt (HMA). The other two strategies were to apply SBS HMA overlays of different thicknesses (7.5 cm and 10.5 cm). The aim was to evaluate and compare the capability of these solutions to control reflective cracking. Rheological properties and multiple stress creep and recovery tests were performed on the asphalt binders, and the semicircular bending test was performed on the asphalt mixtures. The surface conditions were monitored, and the results for each section were compared. After a 29-month period, the section that received the interlayer had the lowest cracked area and showed better resistance than the overlays did to reflective cracking and better maintenance of the original thickness of the pavement.

scholarly journals Characterization of Recovery in Asphalt Binders

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuquan Ma ◽  
Xue Luo ◽  
Zhiyi Huang ◽  
Jinchang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Internal Stress ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Recovery Model ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

The recovery property of asphalt binders plays an important role in the performance and service life of asphalt pavements. Since the internal stress is the driving force for the recovery of asphalt binders, the accurate measurement of the internal stress is full of significance. Based on this rationale, this paper aims to measure the internal stress of asphalt binders using a creep and step-loading recovery (CSR) test and characterizing the recovery behaviors by the internal stress. One base asphalt binder and one styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS)-modified binder are selected in this study. The key elements of the CSR test are carefully designed and its accuracy is verified in three aspects, including the loading conditions, the effect of disturbance by step-loads, and accuracy of measured internal stress. Then, a kinetics-based recovery model is proposed to evaluate and predict the recovery properties of asphalt binders from its causal relationship. The constant-rate recovery activation energy indicates a major difference with nondestructive and destructive loading conditions, while the fast-rate recovery activation energy keeps almost constant regardless of the loading conditions. After that, the healing activation energy is calculated by using the kinetics-based recovery model and the results indicate that SBS modified asphalt binder shows better healing abilities than a base binder.

Evaluation of Degradation of SBS Modified Asphalt Binder Because of RTFO, PAV, and UV Aging using a Novel Extensional Deformation Test

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roksana Hossain ◽  
Nazimuddin M. Wasiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Uv Aging ◽  
Extensional Deformation ◽  
Modified Binders ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Shear Mixing ◽  
Deformation Test ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Aged Binder ◽  
Styrene Butadiene

Styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified PG 64-22 and PG 76-22 binders are studied to investigate the degradation of polymer because of aging applied by: rolling thin film oven (RTFO), pressure aging vessel (PAV), and ultraviolet (UV). Upon observing the temperature increment of unmodified binder during high shear mixing, a polymer mixing procedure has been established. SBS (2%, 4%, and 6%), polyphosphoric acid (PPA) (0.5%, 2%, and 3.5%), and PPA (2%)-SBS (0.5%, 2%, and 3.5%) are mixed with PG 64-22 binder. Sentmanat extensional rheometer, based on dynamic shear rheometer, is used to investigate the extensional deformation characteristics in which SBS modified binders exhibit both first peak elongation force, F1, and second peak elongation force, F2, whereas, unmodified binders and PPA modified binders exhibit no F2. SBS is the most effective in increasing F2 with an increasing rate of 1.16N/% of SBS polymer. At 12°C and 16°C, F2 of RTFO aged SBS modified binder reduces, which indicates the polymer is degrading. In the case of PAV aged SBS modified binder, no F2 is found at 12°C and 16°C. With the increment of temperature, the PAV aged sample shows F2, but the value is less than the F2 of the original and RTFO aged binder of similar stiffness (F1). A normalized parameter, F2/F1, also shows that RTFO and PAV aging degrade SBS. Evaluation of UV aged SBS modified binder shows no F2 at any temperature while oven aged binder shows F2 value at similar aging temperature, duration, and thickness, indicating SBS completely degrades because of UV aging.

Investigating the influence of carbon nanotube on the performance of asphalt binder

2021 ◽  
pp. 147776062110194
Author(s):  
Peerzada Mosir Shah ◽  
Mohammad Shafi Mir
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Storage Condition ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Creep And Recovery ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Viscosity Grade ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study aims at investigating the impact of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT’s) on the properties of low viscosity grade asphalt binder. Asphalt binder with viscosity grade-10 is selected as the control binder and later it is modified with different percentages of MWCNT’s (0.5–2.5%). Penetration, softening point, ductility and rotational viscosity test were employed for evaluating the effect of MWCNT’s on basic physical properties of modified asphalt binder. Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) is used for evaluating the rheological properties of the base and modified bitumen, for both aged and unaged bitumen. Based on the conventional and basic rheological tests, it was seen that the addition of MWCNT’s improved the high-temperature performance of modified bitumen. Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) test results revealed that the addition of MWCNT’s improved the creep and recovery of modified binders for both stress intensities (0.1 kPa and 3.2 kPa) which confirms that the modified binder is more rut resistant. Moreover, it was observed that there was a significant improvement in the aging resistance of the asphalt binder due to addition of MWCNTs. However low temperature performance of MWCNTs was not encouraging. Also, MWCNTs addition to asphalt binder was found to be stable under high-temperature storage condition. Overall, there is a significant amount of improvement using MWCNTs in the base asphalt binder.

Determining Optimum Carbon Nanotubes Content for Asphalt Mixture in Road Pavements

2021 ◽  
Vol 1023 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
Van Bach Le ◽  
Van Phuc Le
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Modified Binder ◽  
Marshall Stability

Although small amount of binder in asphalt concrete mixture may commonly range from 3.5 to 5.5% of total mixture as per many international specifications, it has a significant impact on the total cost of pavement construction. Therefore, this paper investigated the effects of five carbon nanotubes contents of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.25% by asphalt weight as an additive material for binder on performance characteristics of asphalt mixtures. Performance properties of CNTs modified asphalt mixtures were investigated through the Marshall stability (MS) test, indirect tensile (IDT) test, static modulus (SM) test, wheel tracking (WT) test. The results indicated that asphalt mixtures with CNT modified binder can improve both the rutting performance, IDT strength and marshall stability of tested asphalt mixtures significantly at higher percentages of carbon nanotubes. However, the issue that should be considered is the construction cost of asphalt pavement. Based on the asphalt pavement structural analysis and construction cost, it can be concluded that an optimum CNT content of 0.1% by asphalt weight may be used as additive for asphalt binder in asphalt mixtures.

scholarly journals The use of Crushed Waste Glass as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates in Asphalt Concrete Mixtures (Glassphalt)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gbadamosi Aderemi Tobi ◽  
Ogunsuyi Raphael Abidemi ◽  
Ojo Meshach Felix
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Waste Glass ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Asphalt Mix

With the rapid economic growth and continuously increased consumption, a large amount of glass waste materials is generated; this study investigated the effect of crushed waste glass as filler and also as an aggregate in the asphalt binder course. It compares the glassphalt mix with the specification range at different percentages to meet specifications limit according to Nigeria roads and bridges reverse book of 1997 Waste glass are cleaned and crushed from the glass bottles and added to the asphalt as a filler and as a replacement for coarse aggregates, the marshal method is used to determine the optimum bitumen content and evaluate the properties of the asphalt mix. However, 24 samples were prepared in total, 12 samples each for the asphalt mix used to determine the optimum bitumen content and the other 12 samples for the glassphalt mix used to find out the effect of adding the different percentages of crushed waste glass to the asphalt mixture. The Marshall test carried out on the asphalt mixtures showed that the optimum bitumen content of bitumen was found out to be 6.2% of the asphalt mix by weight. Also, Marshall Test carried out on the glassphalt mix showed the optimum percentage of glass used in the binder course of the weights of aggregates in the asphalt mix. The result of this experiment is been checked to be consistent with the Nigeria road and bridges reverse book of 1997, i.e. Marshall Stability, flow, bulk density, and air voids.

Application of nanotechnology in pavement engineering: a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1037-1045
Author(s):  
Peerzada Mosir Shah ◽  
Mohammad Shafi Mir
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Modified Asphalt Binder ◽  
Pavement Engineering ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Nanotechnology utilizes the research and technology established at the nuclear and molecular or macromolecular levels to comprehend the nanoscale phenomena. In road construction, the bituminous materials are used in enormous amounts. The macroscopic mechanical conduct of these materials still largely relies on microstructure and physical characteristics at a micro and nano scale level. For many years, scientists and engineers have been exploring nanotechnology in civil engineering, but nanotechnology use in this sector has been limited. Nanotechnology has caught the interest of experts and has progressively penetrated into the field of pavement engineering. The article reviews the published works carried out to study the use of nanomaterials in asphalt pavements and illustrates the technique used to enhance asphalt features by the use of these nanomaterials. In this review, multiple nanomaterials are discussed followed by characterization of these nanomaterials, preparation techniques of modified asphalt binder, and finally the effect of nanomaterials on the efficiency of base asphalt binder as well as the asphalt mixture. The primary focus continues on the use of nanotechnology in pavement engineering to achieve a better atmosphere for society based on recognized pavement engineering requirements and difficulties.

Superpave Models: Predicting Performance during Design and Construction

1996 ◽  
Vol 1545 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Gerald A. Huber ◽  
Xishun Zhang ◽  
Robin Fontaine
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Design System ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
The Impact

The Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) spent $50 million researching asphalt binders and asphalt mixtures and provided three main products: an asphalt binder specification, an asphalt mixture specification, and Superpave, an asphalt mixture design system that encompasses both the binder and mixture specification. SHRP researchers have provided tools that promise more robust asphalt mixtures with reduced risk of premature failure. Implementation of the specifications and mix design system will require overcoming several obstacles. Superpave must be demonstrated to be practical and easy to use. The impact of Superpave aggregate requirements on aggregate availability must be determined. The Superpave gyratory compaction procedure has been uniquely defined and then calibrated to traffic volume. The reasonableness of this approach must be tested in widespread application. Perhaps the largest implementation hurdle exists in the performance models. Expensive test equipment is necessary to do the performance-based tests. The performance predictions must be established as reasonable to justify the cost. A highway reconstruction project containing three Superpave Level 1 mix designs is documented including quality control done with the Superpave gyratory compactor. Superpave Level 2 performance-based tests were carried out to predict permanent deformation of the design and the mixture as constructed. The performance-based engineering properties obtained from the tests are evaluated, and the reasonableness of the performance prediction models is discussed.

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