scholarly journals Conservation of Millet Genetic Diversity in Eastern Ghat High Lands of Odisha

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Das Sankar Das
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Support Service ◽  
Eastern Ghat ◽  
Cropping Season ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Millet Diversity

A total of 111 no. of Germplasm of Millets with code no’s have been assembled through formal process of Collaborative programme experimented from 2017-2020 Cropping season. The Germplasm has been evaluated for various Agronomic traits (biotic, abiotic, grain quality, etc.). The organisation, Watershed Support service & Activities Network (Wassan) with Odisha Millet Mission Project holds 111 no. of Millet Germplasm collection with 108 no. of indigenous and 3 no. of rare types having information on important trait specific characters from the communities, community managed seed bank. The Present Paper highlights the assessment of Millet diversity assembled and conserved under Odisha Millet Mission Project & thrust areas identified for future conservation and utilization.

One century of Nordic barley breeding: nitrogen use efficiency, agronomic traits and genetic diversity

2016 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. RAJALA ◽  
P. PELTONEN-SAINIO ◽  
M. JALLI ◽  
L. JAUHIAINEN ◽  
A. HANNUKKALA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Nitrogen Use Efficiency ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Use Efficiency

SUMMARYThe current study aimed to evaluate breeding effect on nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), its components and some agronomic traits and disease resistance in barley by using extensive germplasm covering 72 landraces and 123 cultivars released since 1910. Trials were established in southern Finland with a modified strip-plot experimental design. Prior to sowing, blocks were placement fertilized with compound nitrogen : phosphorus : potassium (NPK) fertilizer (N-P-K: 20–3–8) at the rate of 35 and 70 kg N/ha and unfertilized plots were placed at the other end of the fertilization block. The germplasm collection was genotyped with 1536 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and phenotyped during a 2-year field experiment in 2011/12. Independent of row type, a positive breeding effect was evident in NUE and for other plant N traits, except that grain N slightly decreased. Breeding has improved NUE by 0·08 kg/year (26% over the century). Nitrogen utilization and N uptake efficiencies were also improved by breeding as were straw length, lodging tolerance, grain yield and yield components, without any sign of levelling-off. Bred cultivars were more resistant to leaf-damaging diseases, especially to net blotch. The SNP data indicated no reduction in overall genetic diversity. However, genetic diversity differed along the barley chromosomes showing either reduced or increased diversity in certain regions when landraces were compared with modern varieties.

scholarly journals A global barley panel revealing genomic signatures of breeding in modern cultivars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Beate Hill ◽  
Tefera Tolera Angessa ◽  
Xiao-Qi Zhang ◽  
Kefei Chen ◽  
Gaofeng Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe future of plant cultivar improvement lies in the evaluation of genetic resources from currently available germplasm. Recent efforts in plant breeding have been aimed at developing new and improved varieties from poorly adapted crops to suit local environments. However, the impact of these breeding efforts is poorly understood. Here, we assess the contributions of both historical and recent breeding efforts to local adaptation and crop improvement in a global barley panel by analysing the distribution of genetic variants with respect to geographic region or historical breeding category. By tracing the impact breeding had on the genetic diversity of barley released in Australia, where the history of barley production is relatively young, we identify 69 candidate regions within 922 genes that were under selection pressure. We also show that modern Australian barley varieties exhibit 12% higher genetic diversity than historical cultivars. Finally, field-trialling and phenotyping for agriculturally relevant traits across a diverse range of Australian environments suggests that genomic regions under strong breeding selection and their candidate genes are closely associated with key agronomic traits. In conclusion, our combined dataset and germplasm collection provide a rich source of genetic diversity that can be applied to understanding and improving environmental adaptation and enhanced yields.Author summaryToday’s gene pool of crop genetic diversity has been shaped during domestication and more recently by breeding. Genetic diversity is vital for crop species to be able to adapt to changing environments. There is concern that recent breeding efforts have eroded the genetic diversity of many domesticated crops including barley. The present study assembled a global panel of barley genotypes with a focus on historical and modern Australian varieties.Genome-wide data was used to detect genes that are thought to have been under selection during crop breeding in Australian barley. The results demonstrate that despite being more extensively bred, modern Australian barley varieties exhibit higher genetic diversity than historical cultivars, countering the common perception that intensive breeding leads to genetic erosion of adaptive diversity in modern cultivars. In addition, some loci (particularly those related to phenology) were subject to selection during the introduction of other barley varieties to Australia – these genes might continue to be important targets in breeding efforts in the face of changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Analysis of Per Se and Genetic Diversity of Maize Synthetic Populations for Grain Quality: Implications for Breeding

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Voichita HAS ◽  
Alin GULEA ◽  
Ioan HAS ◽  
Ana COPANDEAN
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Synthetic Populations ◽  
Per Se

The objective of this research was to determine whether phenotypic and genetic diversity could be identified for maize grain quality traits (percentage of starch, protein, oil, fiber and ash) and agronomic traits. 59 maize synthetic populations which differed in earliness and for geographic origins were evaluated in the field at the Agricultural Research Station Turda - Romania, for their per se value. Each synthetic population was tested only one year and was characterized for their ear characteristics and grain quality attributes. The grain oil and ash content showed high variability among genotypes. The experiment was conducted over 2 years (2006-2007) and 2 locations (Turda and Targu-Mures). Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all traits studied. General combining ability (GCA) effects were more important for grain content than specific combining ability (SCA). The occurrence of low interactions between synthetic populations and testers for all characters suggested the occurrence of high statistical additive effects expressed whatever the system of population evaluation. These results support breeding effort towards the genetic improvement of grain quality traits in “Turda” maize germplasm.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oil Palm Germplasm from Senegal and Gambia Using Chemometric Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh H ◽  
Li-Hammed M. A. ◽  
Kushairi A. ◽  
Rajanaidu N. ◽  
Mohd Sukri Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Chemometric Techniques

Estimation of genetic diversity and determination of the relationships between collections are useful strategies for ensuring efficient germplasm collection and utilization. Oil palm germplasm materials collected from Senegal and Gambia maintained at the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) Kluang Station were characterized for genetic diversity. A total of 44 agronomic traits of these oil palm materials was subjected to simple statistics to evaluate the genetic variability; a

Study of genetic diversity in wild raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) germplasm collection using morphological characters and RAPD markers

Biologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Patamsytė ◽  
Donatas Žvingila ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Virgilijus Baliuckas ◽  
Laimutė Balčiūnienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rubus Idaeus

Agronomic Traits and Grain Quality of Chinese Spring-Dasypyrum villosumTranslocation Lines T1DL·1VS and T1DS·1VL

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian DONG ◽  
Hua YANG ◽  
Wan-Chun* ZHAO ◽  
Xiao-Yan LI ◽  
Qi-Jiao CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits

Genetic Analysis of Chinese Cucumber Collections in the U.S. National Germplasm Collection

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 534e-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Staub ◽  
Felix Sequen ◽  
Tom Horejsi ◽  
Jin Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
National Plant Germplasm System ◽  
The U.S

Genetic variation in cucumber accessions from China was assessed by examining variation at 21 polymorphic isozyme loci. Principal component analysis of allelic variation allowed for the depiction of two distinct groupings of Chinese accessions collected in 1994 and 1996 (67 accessions). Six isozyme loci (Gpi, Gr, Mdh-2, Mpi-2, Pep-gl, and Pep-la) were important in elucidating these major groups. These groupings were different from a single grouping of Chinese 146 accessions acquired before 1994. Allelic variation in Chinese accessions allowed for comparisons with other accessions in the U.S. National Plant Germplasm System (U.S. NPGS) collection grouped by continent and sub-continent. When Chinese accessions taken collectively were compared with an array of 853 C. sativus U.S. NPGS accessions examined previously, relationships differed between accessions grouped by country or subcontinent. Data indicate that acquisition of additional Chinese and Indian cucumber accessions would be strategically important for increasing genetic diversity in the U.S. NPGS cucumber collection.

Heterogeneity of the ‘Wichita’ Wheat Monosomic Set for Grain Quality and Agronomic Traits

Crop Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira. S. Stein ◽  
Rollin G. Sears ◽  
Bikram S. Gill ◽  
R. C. Hoseney ◽  
Thomas S. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Grain Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and population structure of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) accessions in a Thailand collection using SNP markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grimar Abdiel Perez ◽  
Pumipat Tongyoo ◽  
Julapark Chunwongse ◽  
Hans de Jong ◽  
Anucha Wongpraneekul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Total Fixation ◽  
Unrooted Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Luffa Acutangula ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractThis study explored a germplasm collection consisting of 112 Luffa acutangula (ridge gourd) accessions, mainly from Thailand. A total of 2834 SNPs were used to establish population structure and underlying genetic diversity while exploring the fruit characteristics together with genetic information which would help in the selection of parental lines for a breeding program. The study found that the average polymorphism information content value of 0.288 which indicates a moderate genetic diversity for this L. acutangula germplasm. STRUCTURE analysis (ΔK at K = 6) allowed us to group the accessions into six subpopulations that corresponded well with the unrooted phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analyses. When plotted, the STRUCTURE bars to the area of collection, we observed an admixed genotype from surrounding accessions and a geneflow confirmed by the value of FST = 0.137. AMOVA based on STRUCTURE clustering showed a low 12.83% variation between subpopulations that correspond well with the negative inbreeding coefficient value (FIS =  − 0.092) and low total fixation index (FIT = 0.057). There were distinguishing fruit shapes and length characteristics in specific accessions for each subpopulation. The genetic diversity and different fruit shapes in the L. acutangula germplasm could benefit the ridge gourd breeding programs to meet the demands and needs of consumers, farmers, and vegetable exporters such as increasing the yield of fruit by the fruit width but not by the fruit length to solve the problem of fruit breakage during exportation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document