Heterogeneity of the ‘Wichita’ Wheat Monosomic Set for Grain Quality and Agronomic Traits

In Brazil, the greengrocery market of sweet corn has been expanding along the country. In contrast, there have been few agri-industries canning sweet corn (Zea mays) because of the lack of cultivars with agronomic characteristics proper to industrial purposes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the general combining ability (GCA) of seven inbred lines of sweet corn, and the specific combining ability (SCA) of their hybrid combinations based on their agronomic traits, and the chemical composition of the grain. In the growing season 2006/2007, twenty-one single hybrids were evaluated in the Iguatemi Research Station, Maringá County, Northwestern Paraná, in Brazil using a complete randomized block design with four replications. Data were subjected to the analysis of variance and the genotypes were clustered by the Scott-Knott test. We estimated the GCA and SCA effects using the Griffing's method IV with the fixed model for plant height (PH), height of ear (EH), dehusked ears yield (DEY), reducing (RS) and total sugars (TS), starch (ST), proteins (PTN), ether extract (EE) and fibers (FB). The inbred line L4, which was originated from the 'Doce de Cuba', had the best GCA for crop yield and grain quality and therefore should be used in the next hybrid combinations. The hybrids L4xL5 and L3xL7 were the most promising with regard to crop yield and grain quality.

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Genetic interrelations among grain quality indicators and agronomic traits for oat

Euphytica ◽

10.1007/bf00029670 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 60 (2) ◽

pp. 149-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. V. Pixley ◽

K. J. Frey

Keyword(s):

Quality Indicators ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits

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Comparative Genomic Analysis of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Micronutrient Contents, Grain Quality, and Agronomic Traits in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Frontiers in Plant Science ◽

10.3389/fpls.2021.709817 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Nikwan Shariatipour ◽

Bahram Heidari ◽

Ahmad Tahmasebi ◽

Christopher Richards

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Trait Loci ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Crop Improvement ◽

Comparative Genomic ◽

Trait Loci ◽

Stable Qtls ◽

Improvement Programs

Comparative genomics and meta-quantitative trait loci (MQTLs) analysis are important tools for the identification of reliable and stable QTLs and functional genes controlling quantitative traits. We conducted a meta-analysis to identify the most stable QTLs for grain yield (GY), grain quality traits, and micronutrient contents in wheat. A total of 735 QTLs retrieved from 27 independent mapping populations reported in the last 13 years were used for the meta-analysis. The results showed that 449 QTLs were successfully projected onto the genetic consensus map which condensed to 100 MQTLs distributed on wheat chromosomes. This consolidation of MQTLs resulted in a three-fold reduction in the confidence interval (CI) compared with the CI for the initial QTLs. Projection of QTLs revealed that the majority of QTLs and MQTLs were in the non-telomeric regions of chromosomes. The majority of micronutrient MQTLs were located on the A and D genomes. The QTLs of thousand kernel weight (TKW) were frequently associated with QTLs for GY and grain protein content (GPC) with co-localization occurring at 55 and 63%, respectively. The co- localization of QTLs for GY and grain Fe was found to be 52% and for QTLs of grain Fe and Zn, it was found to be 66%. The genomic collinearity within Poaceae allowed us to identify 16 orthologous MQTLs (OrMQTLs) in wheat, rice, and maize. Annotation of promising candidate genes (CGs) located in the genomic intervals of the stable MQTLs indicated that several CGs (e.g., TraesCS2A02G141400, TraesCS3B02G040900, TraesCS4D02G323700, TraesCS3B02G077100, and TraesCS4D02G290900) had effects on micronutrients contents, yield, and yield-related traits. The mapping refinements leading to the identification of these CGs provide an opportunity to understand the genetic mechanisms driving quantitative variation for these traits and apply this information for crop improvement programs.

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Agronomic traits and grain quality of selected spelt wheat varieties versus common wheat

Journal of Crop Improvement ◽

10.1080/15427528.2020.1761921 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 654-675

Author(s):

Karolina Ratajczak ◽

Hanna Sulewska ◽

Szymańska Grażyna ◽

Przemysław Matysik

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Spelt Wheat

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Utilisation of anther culture in rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding in Italy

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9940911 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 911 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AM Callegarin ◽

K Perfanov ◽

G Dorotea ◽

G Baldi

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Anther Culture ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Market Demand ◽

Breeding Methods ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Hybrid Lines

Increasing market demand has led to efforts to select for non-sticky, long-grain rice varieties suited to the Italian environment. The variability of recombinant populations derived from crosses between Italian and USA genotypes was exploited. Together with the conventional breeding methods, in vitro anther culture was used to obtain homozygous lines from crosses more quickly. Moreover, hybrid lines were obtained from crosses otherwise impossible to exploit owing to sterility in the F, generation (namely those resulting from crosses involving semi-dwarf USA varieties). Plant regeneration was obtained from 6 F, hybrids whose parents were chosen for their grain quality or their suitability to the Italian environment. About 5500 plantlets were regenerated. Of these, 1000 were albino, and about 50% of the green ones died after transplanting into soil; 65% of the surviving plants were sterile, so about 1000 progeny were obtained (30-445 for each cross). Progeny with desirable characteristics were evaluated for agronomic traits. On the basis of these results, limits and possibilities of anther-culture breeding in rice are discussed.

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Agronomic, biochemical and genetic attributes of maize high grain quality accessions

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr2001273v ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 273-289

Author(s):

Jelena Vancetovic ◽

Marija Kostadinovic ◽

Sofija Bozinovic ◽

Ana Nikolic ◽

Jelena Vukadinovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Protein Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Quality Standard ◽

Mini Core Collection

Nutritional quality of maize is low because maize protein is poor in several essential amino acids. The purpose of this research was to analyze agronomic traits and kernel biochemical and physical properties of 16 gene bank accessions which comprise a mini-core collection for grain quality and to identify populations for improving protein quality. Standard ZP341 hybrid was superior for half of agronomic traits tested, especially grain yield, which was higher from 24% to six times. Ten accessions had protein content over 14 % and were further analyzed for amino acid composition and kernel characteristics. Additionally, genetic relationships between the accessions were determined by Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) analysis with 30 primers. All accessions showed elevated contents of most essential amino acids. Population L492 with 1.87 and 0.68 g 100g-1 dry weight had the highest contents of leucine and phenylalanine, respectively, but also higher contents of most other analyzed amino acids (p<0.05). Cluster analysis based on SSRs also distinguished L492 by separating it from all other accessions. Compared to ZP341, accessions were significantly inferior in grain weight and dimensions (p<0.05), but superior in most hardness parameters (p<0.05). Pearson correlations revealed lack of negative correlations between biochemical traits, indicating a possibility for concurrent improvement of several amino acids. The best way of improving protein quality of elite materials is through backcrossing and as populations were chosen according to their good general combining ability (with IoDent, Lancaster and BSSS), they could serve for improvement of elite materials of these genetic origins.

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Evaluation of South African sorghum landraces and breeding of varieties suitable for low-input agriculture

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.54.2006.3.13 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 379-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R. Uptmoor ◽

W. G. Wenzel ◽

A. H. Abu Assar ◽

G. Donaldson ◽

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Genetic Similarity ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Low Input ◽

Low Input Agriculture ◽

Molecular Evaluation

A large number of sorghum landraces possessing superior grain quality but poor yield potential are cultivated in South Africa, where sorghum is of regional importance as a main staple food. Agronomic traits of landraces and newly developed breeding lines from Southern Africa were evaluated under low-input and optimal conditions. Molecular evaluation was carried out on the basis of AFLPs and SSRs. The accessions clustered into two groups. Mean genetic similarity was estimated at 0.85 using AFLPs and 0.31 using SSRs. Genetic diversity was calculated at H=0.136 and DI=0.597 for landraces and H=0.140 and DI=0.580 for breeding varieties. The most promising accessions concerning yielding ability and grain quality were selected and introduced to a breeding programme.

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Molecular dissection of complex agronomic traits of rice: a team effort by Chinese scientists in recent years

National Science Review ◽

10.1093/nsr/nwt004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 253-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Jianru Zuo ◽

Jiayang Li

Keyword(s):

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Rice Yield ◽

Rice Genome ◽

Regulatory Mechanisms ◽

Staple Food ◽

Molecular Dissection ◽

Model Species ◽

Worldwide Population ◽

Biological Studies

Abstract Rice is a staple food for more than half of the worldwide population and is also a model species for biological studies on monocotyledons. Through a team effort, Chinese scientists have made rapid and important progresses in rice biology in recent years. Here, we briefly review these advances, emphasizing on the regulatory mechanisms of the complex agronomic traits that affect rice yield and grain quality. Progresses in rice genome biology and genome evolution have also been summarized.

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Submergence Gene Sub1A Transfer into Drought-Tolerant japonica Rice DT3 Using Marker-Assisted Selection

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222413365 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (24) ◽

pp. 13365

Author(s):

Yong-Pei Wu ◽

Shu-Mei Wang ◽

Yu-Chi Chang ◽

Chi Ho ◽

Yu-Chia Hsu

Keyword(s):

Good Yield ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Eating Quality ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

High Survival ◽

Japonica Rice ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Drought Tolerant ◽

Submergence Stress

Flash flooding is a major environmental stressor affecting rice production worldwide. DT3 is a drought-tolerant, recurrent parent with a good yield, edible quality, and agronomic traits akin to those of an elite Taiwanese variety, Taiken9 (TK9). Progenies carrying Sub1A can enhance submergence stress tolerance and can be selected using the marker-assisted backcross (MAB) breeding method. For foreground selection, Sub1A and SubAB1 were utilized as markers on the BC2F1, BC3F1, and BC3F2 generations to select the submergence-tolerant gene, Sub1A. Background selection was performed in the Sub1A-BC3F2 genotypes, and the percentages of recurrent parent recovery within individuals ranged from 84.7–99.55%. BC3F3 genotypes (N = 100) were evaluated for agronomic traits, yield, and eating quality. Four of the eleven BC3F4 lines showed good yield, yield component, grain, and eating quality. Four BC3F4 lines, SU39, SU40, SU89, and SU92, exhibited desirable agronomic traits, including grain quality and palatability, consistent with those of DT3. These genotypes displayed a high survival rate between 92 and 96%, much better compared with DT3 with 64%, and demonstrated better drought tolerance compared to IR64 and IR96321-345-240. This study provides an efficient and precise MAB strategy for developing climate-resilient rice varieties with good grain quality for flood-prone regions.

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