Prospects for creation of harvesting complexes on basis of domestic construction and agricultural machines

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
I. V. Grigoryev ◽  
◽  
O. A. Kunitskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Warm Winter ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Forest Engineering ◽  
Agricultural Machines

The fall in the ruble exchange rate and the fall in demand for wood led to significant financial difficulties for logging companies. The situation was also affected by the abnormally warm winter of 2019—2020, as a result of which considerable amounts of harvested wood simply could not be exported. These situations aggravated the problems associated with the death of domestic forest engineering, and even more acutely raised the question of the need to create logging complexes based on domestic machines. In recent years, after the introduction of sanctions against Russia, our country localized the production of road and agricultural machines. Unfortunately, this has not been done for the forest engineering industry, which, in fact, has ceased to exist in Russia. For a relatively quick partial import substitution in forest engineering, it is advisable to use well-developed road and agricultural machines as basic machines, applying the principle of modular construction of complexes to them.

Operation efficiency of knitters knives of domestic and import production used in agricultural machines

2020 ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Valeriy I. Ivanov ◽  
Vyacheslav F. Aulov ◽  
Yuriy N. Rozhkov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Operation Efficiency ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Utilization of various stalks of grain crops (wheat, soy and rapeseed) is made by their grinding, usually in the field. The crushed straw is scattered across the field, and the spreading width is adjusted depending on the width of the reaper cutting devices. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the existing market of knives for agricultural machines; goods of enterprises producing the knives, harvesters, using knives, types of knives, part numbers, specifications of knives in size and durability and to produce a feasibility study of using hardening knives. (Materials and methods) Authors used a digital method of searching through the Internet for enterprises that produce knives; combines that use knives; types of knives and their characteristics. (Results and discussion) It was found that due to intensive wear, the geometry of the cutting part and the overall dimensions of the working bodies of harvesting machines change, which causes violations of agricultural requirements, increased losses during crop harvesting, and increased energy costs. It was found that the efficiency of an agricultural machine directly depends on the state of its working parts, since they are limiting in terms of durability. The article notes that replacement of worn elements is accompanied by more labor, which reduces labor productivity, unnecessary equipment downtime and ultimately reduce profits of the enterprise. These factors indicate the need for technological measures to increase the resource of working parts of cutting devices of agricultural machines. (Conclusions) The article presents the results of the analysis of the market of existing enterprises for the production of knives. It gaves a feasibility to study of the effectiveness of strengthening knives using the technology of the Federal scientific Agroengineering center VIM. Production of hardened knives gives a good economic effect on import substitution.

Exchange Rate Risk Estimates of the Foreign Contracted Projects Based on the Model of VaR

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2327-2331
Author(s):  
Li Zhu Zhao ◽  
Rui Qiang Bai ◽  
Yu Peng Shao
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Exchange Rate Risk ◽  
Rate System ◽  
Historical Simulation ◽  
Rate Risk ◽  
Floating Exchange Rate ◽  
The Exchange Rate

China implements a floating exchange rate system after reforming the exchange rate mechanism in 2005. So far, nearly eight years, the RMB against the U.S. dollar increased from 8.2:1 to 6.1:1. Exchange rate risk of China's foreign contracted engineering industry has become a serious problem in the rapid development of the industry situation, this paper established exchange rate forecasting model base on the model of VaR through analysis the daily average exchange rate from July 22, 2005 to September 30, 2013, and estimate the rate of return by using the variance - covariance, historical simulation method, providing a theoretical basis for avoiding the exchange rate risk of China's foreign contracted projects.

scholarly journals IMPORT SUBSTITUTION IN THE POWER ENGINEERING INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-195
Author(s):  
M. M. Balashov
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Engineering Industry ◽  
Power Engineering ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Generating Equipment ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses the issues of dependence of power engineering in the Russian Federation on imported equipment in general and in the field of gas turbine technologies. The paper describes the features of foreign-made equipment that is operated at the power facilities of the Russian Federation, identifies the countries that produce the installed foreign equipment in the power industry. Possible economic consequences for the energy-intensive industry from the implementation of the program for the modernization of generating equipment within the framework of the import substitution program are estimated. The forecast scenario of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on power consumption in the UNEG and the program for the modernization of generating equipment is also presented.

scholarly journals Contribution of International Trade and Capital Accumulation to Economic Growth of Thailand during the last half of the 20th century

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Minh Duc
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Floating Exchange Rate ◽  
Per Capita

The present paper examines the links between international trade, capital and economic growth in Thailand from 1950 to 2000 in an applied growth model including exchange rate as a control variable. Prior to 1980 the elasticity of per capita income with respect to trade was -0.2% switching to 0.07% in 1980 in line with the change from resource exports and import substitution to manufactured exports. The exchange rateelasticity of per capita income prior to 1980 was 0.4% switching to -0.2% consistent with the move to a floating exchange rate. Results confirm the overriding theoretical importance of investment to economic growth

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