scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF IN VIVO OBTAINS OF EMBRYOS FROM DONOR COWS OF DIFFERENT BREEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 162-169
Author(s):  
Iu. A. Koskina ◽  
Ya. S. Shekhovtsova ◽  
P. A. Trotskyi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Donor Cows

The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of the morphological status of embryos of cattle obtained in vivo from purebred and local donor cows of the I and II generations. The object of experimental studies were obtained embryos of cattle in vivo. They were obtained in the experimental farm "Ukrainka" of the Institute of Animal Science of the UAAS of Ukraine from 1985 to 1990. Information about animals and the results of research are stored in the archives of the Private Company "Bioservice". In order to study the stages of development of seven-day-old embryos of cattle, the embryo productivity of 11 purebred and 72 local donor cows was analyzed. Purebred cows were Ayshir (4 heads), Simmental (1 head) and Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy (6 heads) breeds. Crossbreeds of the first generation were donor cows from crossing red steppe and Holstein (2 goals), Simmental and Holstein (12 goals) and Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy and Holstein (9 goals) breeds. The crossbreeds of the second generation were donor cows from crossing red steppe and Holstein (14 goals), Simmental and Montbeliard (22 goals) and Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy and Holstein (13 goals) breeds. According to the results of the conducted research, a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) between purebred (7.8%) and local donor cows of the I and II generation (0.6 and 1.4%, respectively) was established by the number of embryos. obtained at the stage of expanded blastocyst. There was also a statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) at the stage of late blastocyst between purebred (38.0%) and local donor cows of the I and II generation (7.1 and 9.2%, respectively). The analysis of the obtained research results shows that from purebred donor cows a significantly larger (p < 0.001) total number of blastocysts was obtained by 60.4% compared to local donor cows of the I and II generation (19.6 and 24.2%, respectively). It was found that at the stage of late morula found significantly more embryos 44.7% and 32.9 (p < 0.01), respectively, in donor cows of the second and fourth generation compared to purebred 19.4%. It should be noted that at the stage of early morula, a significantly larger number of embryos (p < 0.001) was obtained from donor cows of the I and II generation (13.6 and 3.2%, respectively) compared to purebred 0.0%. According to the results of the comparative analysis of the total number of obtained morulae, a significantly higher number of embryos (p < 0.001) obtained from donor cows of the I and II generation (48.6 and 50.0%, respectively) was found in comparison with purebred 21.7%. It was found that purebred donor cows received a greater 82.2% of the total number of suitable embryos compared to 68.2% (p < 0.001) of local donor cows of the first and 73.5% (p < 0.05) from local donor cows of the second generations. Further development of extracted morulae in vitro from purebred and local donor cows on the seventh day at a temperature of 37.5°C for 15 hours led to the formation of full-fledged blastocysts at 73.0% (400 of 548). It was found that purebred donor cows received more blastocysts (p < 0.001) compared to local donor cows of the first generation by 40.8% and 36.2% compared to local donor cows of the second generation. It was found that from local donor cows of the second generation received 28.3%, and from local donor cows of the first generation by 26.9% more (p < 0.001) morula compared to purebred donor cows. According to the results of the research, it was found that purebred donor cows received a higher total number of embryos (molula + blastocyst) compared to local donor cows of the first generation by 14.0% (p < 0.001) and 8.7% < 0.05) compared with local donor cows of the second generation.

scholarly journals Does Over-the-Counter Purchase of Antihistamines by Residents of Dhaka City, Bangladesh Align with the Prescribing Choices of the Physicians Practicing in That City?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Somaia H. Chadni ◽  
Md. H. A. Banna ◽  
Nafisa N. Mollick ◽  
Md. R. I. Rupam ◽  
Sharmin Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Common

Most current guidelines recommend prescribing second-generation antihistamines (SGAs) over first-generation antihistamines because SGAs are less likely to cause sedation and impairment of heavy work performance. However, common residents who use these antihistamines as over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are less likely to know that. So, this study was designed to compare the over-the-counter use of antihistamines by common residents with the prescribing preferences of physicians residing at Dhaka City, Bangladesh. Between June and August of 2017, a total of 100 Physicians from some of the top medical institutions of the city and 350 randomly selected common residents were directly interviewed with two separate semistructured questionnaires specifically designed for each population. Data was statistically analyzed using Fischer’s exact test, Spearman’s rank correlation test and Kendall’s tau rank correlation test. The data shows that physicians prefer second-generation antihistamines with fexofenadine (48.09% of the total responses), desloratadine (16.03%), and rupatadine (13.74%) taking the top spots. Cetirizine (29.46% of total responses), desloratadine (14.73%), and chlorpheniramine (14.52%) were the most used OTC antihistamines by the common residents. Statistical analysis with Fischer’s exact test revealed that the difference in preference of first-generation antihistamines between physicians and common residents were extremely significant (p<0.0001). Furthermore, cetirizine (which is known to have some degree of sedating activity) and chlorpheniramine are more preferred among common residents than among physicians (extremely significant difference, p<0.0001 in both cases). The study concludes that physicians of Dhaka City are complying with practice guidelines, but sedating antihistamines still retain some popularity among the common residents. Hence, a more engaging community pharmacy is needed to minimize adverse effects that can arise from OTC use of sedating antihistamines.

scholarly journals Parameters of the seasonal cycle of Corythucha arcuata (Say, 1832) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) in the plains and foothills of the Northwestern Caucasus

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-128
Author(s):  
В.И. Щуров ◽  
А.С. Замотайлов
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
The Third ◽  
Female Immigrant ◽  
Northwestern Caucasus

Развитие первой генерации Corythucha arcuata в предгорьях и низкогорьях Северо-Западного Кавказа начинается в первых числах мая. При нижнем пороге пост-диапаузного развития имаго +11°С и при естественной длине дня ей требуется не менее 43 суток (аккумуляция 333-404 гр.-дн.). Гибель перезимовавших самок в этой зоне наблюдается к концу июня, совпадая с сокращением общей доли самок до 2-7%. В высокогорьях перезимовавшие имаго расселяются и в июне, доживая до июля на ивах и березах. Пик выхода имаго первого поколения приходится на конец июня. Массовая яйцекладка самками первого поколения (начало второго поколения) предваряется миграцией оплодотворенных самок на новые кормовые растения. Развитие преимагиальных стадий второго поколения (без смены кормовых растений) протекает с середины июня. Метаморфоз длится не менее 16-23 суток (361-430 гр.-дн.). Пик выхода имаго второго поколения в конце июля совпадает с массовым расселением, в котором всегда преобладают самки. Третье поколение развивается в августе. Метаморфоз занимает 19-28 суток (329-350 гр.-дн.). Пик выхода имаго третьего поколения приходится на первую декаду сентября. Его предваряет более ранний выход самцов, определяемый по их локальным и региональным миграциями с конца августа. Четвертое поколение является факультативным и развивается (без смены кормовых растений) с конца августа до третьей декады сентября. Развитие преимагиальных стадий этого поколения занимает не менее 26 суток (378 гр.-дн.). Последняя миграция клопов наблюдается в начале-середине октября. Самки третьего поколения первыми уходят в места зимовки в предгорьях и низкогорьях уже в середине сентября. Здесь, в дубовых лесах, зимуют имаго третьего и четвертого поколений обычно с преобладанием самок. В среднегорьях с ними могут зимовать особи-иммигранты второго поколения, но с преобладанием самцов, сохраняющимся с сентября. Development of the first generation of Corythucha arcuata in the climate of the foothills and lowlands of the Northwest Caucasus starts in the early May. With a natural day length and the threshold for post-diapause imago development of 11 °C, it requires 333-404 degree-days and at least 43 days. The death of the overwintered females in this zone is observed by the end of June, coinciding with the reduction of the total portion of females to 2-7%. In the highlands imagoes are dispersing in June as well, surviving until July on willows and birch trees. Peak of the first-generation imago outcome occurs at the end of June. Migration of fertilized females of the first generation to new forage plants is followed by mass egg laying (i.e. beginning of the second generation). During the formation of large nests in the foothills, the flight of bugs is observed even in treeless highlands. Development of the preadult stages of the second generation (without changing feed plants) takes place starting at mid-June. Metamorphosis requires 361-430 degree-days and takes at least 16-23 days. The peak of the emergence of the second generation imagoes at the end of July coincides with their dispersal, which is also dominated by females. The third generation develops in August. It requires 329-350 degree-days and takes 19-28 days. The peak of the emergence of the G3 imagoes falls on the first third of September. It is preceded by anearlier emergence of males, determined by their mass local and regional migrations since the end of August. The fourth generation is obligated and develops (without changing feed plants) from the end of August to the end of September. It requires at least 378 degree-days and takes at least 26 days. Late nymphs resulting from female immigrant of the third generation (on new trees) give imagoes only by mid-October. The last migration of bugs is observed in early to mid-October. Imagoes of the third and fourth generations with the predominance of females hibernate in the oak forests of the foothills and low-mountain. In the midlands they may be accompanied by the overwintering immigrants of the second generation, with the predominance of males, formed in September.

scholarly journals Productive and reproductive performances and expected response to selection of second generation of quail varieties conserved at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-634
Author(s):  
Shakila Faruque ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
AKH Fazlul Haque Bhuyian ◽  
Ziaul Faruque Joy ◽  
Md Ataul Goni Rabbani
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Heritable Trait ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Research Institute

Individual selection is particularly indispensable in selection experiments for body weight in quail. Body weight is highly heritable trait. The study was conducted with the objective to assess the productive and reproductive performance and expected response to selection of second generation (G2) of four quail varieties conserved at Bangladesh livestock Research Institute. At 5th week of age, quails of first generation (G1) were selected on the basis of breeding value according to their 5th week body weight. A total of 1953-day-old chicks were hatched in two batches for producing second generation (G2). Diet containing 24% crude protein and 3000 kcal ME/kg were provided to the birds. The data were analyzed in a CRD factorial arrangement by General Linear Model (GLM) Univariate Procedure in SPSS Computer Program. The highest fertility was observed in White (98.31%) variety and hatchability was in Japanese (97.75%) variety. Differences in chick weight at hatch between White and Brown, Brown and Japanese, Japanese and Black, Black and White were approximately 6.90%, 2.74%, 6.20% and 10.51% respectively. The effect of variety and batch on 5th week body weight was significant (p<0.001) but interaction effect of variety and batch was not significant (p>0.05). Black quail had significantly (?2 = 25.00; p<0.01) higher (17.62%) chick mortality than that of other three varieties. As a result of selection, body weight at 5th weeks of age was expected to improve by 4.34g vs. 6.51g; 1.21g vs. 4.33g, 1.68g vs. 3.77g and 1.02g vs. 2.40g respectively for Japanese, White, Brown and Black males and females quail genotypes. It is therefore can be concluded that the White variety is superior in terms of higher body weight and higher fertility and medium chick mortality among the four quail varieties. In each generation, slight response was obtained for selection.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2016, 2(4): 631-634

scholarly journals CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATION REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehre Munir
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Cellular Network ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation

Mobile communication is continuously one of the hottest areas that are developing at a booming speed, with advanced techniques emerging in all the fields of mobile and wireless communications. This thesis deals with the comparative study of wireless cellular technologies namely First Generation, Second Generation, Third Generation, and Fourth Generation. A cellular network or mobile network is a radio network distributed over land areas called cells, each served by at least one fixed-location transceiver, known as a cell site or base station. In a cellular network, each cell uses a different set of frequencies from neighboring cells, to avoid interference and provide guaranteed bandwidth within each cell. The First Generation were referred to as cellular, which was later shortened to “cell”, Cell phone signals were based on analog system transmissions, and First Generation devices were comparatively less heavy and expensive. Second Generation phones deploy GSM technology. Global System for Mobile communications or GSM uses digital modulation to improve voice quality but the network offers limited data service. The Third Generation revolution allowed mobile telephone customers to use audio, graphics and video applications. Fourth Generation is short for fourth-generation cell phones or/and hand held devices.

scholarly journals The in vivo comparison of first versus second generation bioresorbable technologies early after implantation in the porcine coronary in stent restenosis model

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kachel ◽  
A Janas ◽  
M Jelonek ◽  
P Kazmierczak ◽  
P.E Buszman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Metallic Stent ◽  
Vascular Response ◽  
Stent Restenosis ◽  
In Stent Restenosis

Abstract Background Second generation bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) technologies with thinner struts were developed to overcome thrombotic and restenotic events when compared to first generation Purpose Herein we compare vascular response and scaffold recoil of first generation BRS (Absorb, BVS, 150 micron) with second generation (Meres 100, MRS, 100 micron) in the porcine model of coronary in stent restenosis model Methods In total 11 BRS and 13 MRS similar scaffolds were implanted in 12 domestic swine, with 110% overstretch under Optical coherence tomography guidance. Animals were followed up for 2, 7 and 28 days (8 scaffolds for each period). At terminal follow up comprehensive evaluation with OCT was performed and tissues harvested for pathology Results Arterial injury expressed as overstretch was similar among groups. There were no differences at 2 and 7 days with regards to lumen area (LA), neointimal area (NA) stent areas (SA) and %AS. At 28 days SA and NA were lower in the MRS group when compared to BRS (SA: 5,1 vs. 8,8 mm2, p=0,01; NA: 1,94 vs. 3.36 mm2; p=0,01). Arterial healing was similar at 28 days between MRS and BRS as expressed by embedded and covered struts (100 vs 100%, p=1,0), however at 7 days there were more uncovered struts in the MRS (43% vs 12%, p=0,01). Conclusions Second generation MRS have proven improved vascular response in porcine coronary model with regard to lesser neointimal hyperplasia. Thinner struts however caused recoil when compared to thicker ones at early follow-up point. Further BRS material and design improvements are necessary to achieve metallic stent - like properties. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Center for Research and Development

scholarly journals Synthesis and antiplasmodial activity of regioisomers and epimers of second-generation dual acting ivermectin hybrids

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lovepreet Singh ◽  
Diana Fontinha ◽  
Denise Francisco ◽  
Miguel Prudêncio ◽  
Kamaljit Singh
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Blood Stage ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Insecticidal Effect ◽  
Successful Isolation ◽  
Molecular Hybrids

AbstractWith its strong effect on vector-borne diseases, and insecticidal effect on mosquito vectors of malaria, inhibition of sporogonic and blood-stage development of Plasmodium falciparum, as well as in vitro and in vivo impairment of the P. berghei development inside hepatocytes, ivermectin (IVM) continues to represent an antimalarial therapeutic worthy of investigation. The in vitro activity of the first-generation IVM hybrids synthesized by appending the IVM macrolide with heterocyclic and organometallic antimalarial pharmacophores, against the blood-stage and liver-stage infections by Plasmodium parasites prompted us to design second-generation molecular hybrids of IVM. Here, a structural modification of IVM to produce novel molecular hybrids by using sub-structures of 4- and 8-aminoquinolines, the time-tested antiplasmodial agents used for treating the blood and hepatic stage of Plasmodium infections, respectively, is presented. Successful isolation of regioisomers and epimers has been demonstrated, and the evaluation of their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against both the blood stages of P. falciparum and the hepatic stages of P. berghei have been undertaken. These compounds displayed structure-dependent antiplasmodial activity, in the nM range, which was more potent than that of IVM, its aglycon or primaquine, highlighting the superiority of this hybridization strategy in designing new antiplasmodial agents.

scholarly journals PERKEMBANGAN TEMA PUISI-PUISI PENYAIR BANGKALAN: KAJIAN SEJARAH SASTRA

ATAVISME ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-180
Author(s):  
Muhri Muhri
Keyword(s):  
Literary History ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Early Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Common Interests

This research aims to classify the Bangkalan poets into generations and trends on the themes of each generation. The underlying theories are those that affect the subdiscipline of literary history, especially the theories within the deconstructive paradigm. Data were obtained through interviews and study of literary work, namely the works of Bangkalan poets. From the analysis, generation of poets of Bangkalan can be divided into four generations based on tradition and common interests as manifested in the organization or forum where those poets gather. The first generation was in the Arts Council of Bangkalan (Dewan Kesenian Bangkalan or DKB), the second generation was raised in the Tera' Bulan Community, the third generation came from the campus theater communities around Bangkalan, and the fourth generation was in Masyarakat Lumpur Community and Bawah Arus Community. Metaphysical and social were dominant themes in the early generation, libidinal love theme was a theme that tended to appear in the second generation, local and lyrical themes tended to emerge in the third and fourth generation.

Inheritance of sunflower (Hellianthus annuus L.) seed size in the cross combination L12B х KP11B

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-29
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Complementary Interactions ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Selection Of

One of the main parameters in sunflower breeding is the size of seeds. Usually in breeding selections for this purpose is used an indicator of weight of 1000 seeds. It is necessary to know type of inheritance of the size of seeds expressed both in weight of 1000 seeds and in their sizes for selection of parental components at heterosis selection. At the same time, the genetics of these features have been studied much less than other economic features. The aim of the study was to determine the type of inheritance in the first and second generation of signs of weight of 1000 seeds and seed length in combination with crossing lines with conventional round and large long seeds. Comparison of parent lines by weight of 1000 seeds using student's test indicates a significant difference. The second generation offspring were divided into 16 classes. The plants of the first and second generation along with the parent lines were distributed by weight of 1000 seeds. There were measured 68 plants of L12B, 160 plants of KP11B, 25 hybrid plants of the first generation, two progeny of the hybrids of the second generation of 70 and 57 plants. The smallest weight of 1000 seeds of the KP11B line was 85 g, and L12B had the largest 65 g. We assumed three possible ratios of cleavages for digenic control of the trait: 9:6:1, 12:3:1, 15:1. The digenic model was chosen because of the small number of plants of the second generation corresponding to one of the parents. According to the obtained Pearson criteria on the basis of the weight of 1000 seeds, the hypothesis of the digenic recessive control of a smaller weight of 1000 seeds can be unambiguously confirmed – the ratio of 15:1. In our populations of the second generation high correlation coefficients between the signs of weight of 1000 seeds and length of seeds were revealed: 0.66 and 0.68. On the basis of the length of the seeds, the same measurement of each plant of parent lines and hybrids was carried out. The model of splitting 15:1 was reliable for both offspring and their sum when referring to a smaller part of plants with a small seed length, as in the L12B line. Also reliable in all variants was the ratio of 9:6:1 – with the release of the plant class of the second parent line KP11B. It shows differences about control of the length of the achenes of lines KP11B and L12B. Dominant alleles cause a greater length of the achenes. Genes have complementary interactions.

Medication and aggressiveness in real-world schizophrenia. Results from the FACE-SZ dataset

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (S2) ◽  
pp. S153-S154
Author(s):  
M. Favez ◽  
G. Fond ◽  
L. Boyer ◽  
P.M. Llorca ◽  
A. Pelissolo
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cannabis Consumption ◽  
The Face ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Long Acting

The primary objective of this study was to determine if second generation antipsychotic (SGA) administration was associated with lower aggressiveness scores compared to first generation (FGA). The secondary objective was to determine if antidepressants, mood stabilizers and benzodiazepines administration were respectively associated with lower aggressiveness scores compared to patients who were not administered these medications. 331 patients with schizophrenia (n = 255) or schizoaffective disorder (n = 76) (mean age = 32.5 years, 75.5 % male gender) were systematically included in the network of FondaMental Expert Center for Schizophrenia and assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders and validated scales for psychotic symptomatology, insight and compliance. Aggressiveness was measured by the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ) score. Ongoing psychotropic treatment was recorded. Patients who received SGA had lower BPAQ scores than patients who did not (p = 0.01). More specifically, these patients had lower physical and verbal aggression scores. On the contrary, patients who received benzodiazepines had higher BPAQ scores than patients who did not (p = 0.04). No significant difference was found between BPAQ scores of patients respectively being administered mood stabilizers (including valproate), antidepressant, and the patients who were not. These results were found independently of socio-demographical variables, psychotic symptomatology, insight, compliance into treatment, daily-administered antipsychotic dose, the way of antipsychotic administration (oral vs long acting), current alcohol disorder and daily cannabis consumption. The results of the present study are in favor of a superior efficacy of second-generation antipsychotics in aggressiveness in patients with schizophrenia, but these results need further investigation in longitudinal studies. Given the potent side effects of benzodiazepines (especially dependency and cognitive impairment) and the results of the present study, their long-term prescription is not recommended in patients with schizophrenia and aggressive behavior.

Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: A Pilot Study on Psychiatric Inpatients in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
Saeed S. Shafti ◽  
Alireza Memarie ◽  
Masomeh Rezaie ◽  
Masomeh Hamidi
Keyword(s):  
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Patients

Background: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a life-threatening complication that can occur anytime during antipsychotic treatment. Objective: The present assessment has probed the incidence and clinical profile of neuroleptic malignant syndrome among a sample of non-western psychiatric patients and compared with the available data in the literature with regard to prevalence and other associated clinical physiognomies. Methods: As a retrospective, record-based evaluation, all cases with diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome during the last sixty-two months, after ruling out other imaginable differential diagnoses, like encephalitis, meningitis and serotonin syndrome, entered the present investigation. Clinical diagnosis, was in essence also based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. The assessment of independent variables was analyzed by ‘Compression of proportions’. Statistical significance is, defined as p value ≤0.05. Results: Among 19814 psychiatric patients, during a sixty-two months’ period, eighteen cases received the diagnosis of neuroleptic malignant syndrome. The most prevalent symptom was fever, which was observed in 100% of cases. Also, there was no significant difference between the first generation versus second-generation antipsychotics. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome was meaningfully more prevalent among male patients suffering from schizophrenia. Similarly, it was significantly more widespread amid 18-65 years old agegroup. Conclusion: While no significant difference was found between first-generation as opposed to second-generation antipsychotics, neuroleptic malignant syndrome was significantly more prevalent among young and male patients suffering from schizophrenia.

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