scholarly journals Pedestrian crossing in crossroads with exclusive pedestrian phase - world experiences

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Boris Antić ◽  
Dalibor Pešić ◽  
Emir Smailović ◽  
Mladen Kovač
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Time Separation ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

Pedestrians are one of the most endangered and vulnerable groups of participants in traffic. In order to increase their safety, different kinds of management measures are applied. Exclusive pedestrian phase represents a measure from a group of technical traffic regulations and implies complete time separation of pedestrian flow from wheel flow. The object of this paper is to analyse world experience in applying exclusive pedestrian phase in order to understand effects on safety of pedestrians in traffic and to apply it in our conditions.

Scramble and Crosswalk Signal Timing

1998 ◽  
Vol 1636 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Virkler
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Signalized Intersections ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Crossing Time ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

A variety of methods have been developed for determining appropriate pedestrian crossing times at signalized intersections. Although many of these methods have useful applications, all have significant shortcomings when estimating the crossing time required under high-volume conditions and with two-way flow within a crosswalk. Existing methods are described. A field study conducted to address these shortcomings is then described. The results of the study are used to develop relationships to describe pedestrian flow at signalized crossings. Recommendations are then made to improve the signal timing parameters used for higher-volume pedestrian flows.

scholarly journals Impact of Japanese Post-Disaster Temporary Housing Areas’ (THAs) Design on Mental and Social Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (23) ◽  
pp. 4757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bris ◽  
Bendito
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Temporary Housing ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Kobe Earthquake ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Post Disaster

The phenomenon named kodokushi, meaning death alone without the care or company of anyone inside temporary housing, appeared after the Kobe earthquake in Japan in 1995 with some 250 cases. This paper analyzes the evolution of Japanese temporary houses—to attempt to prevent the problem of kodokushi—from the point of view of management, how services and activities are organized, and design. We will use case studies as our methodological tool, analyzing the responses in 1995 Kobe (50,000 THs), 2004 Chūetsu (3000 THs), 2011 Tōhoku (50,000 THs), and 2016 Kumamoto (4000 THs). This article shows how the Japanese THAs follow a single design that has undergone very little variation in the last 25 years, a design which promotes the social isolation of their residents, making recovery—from the psychological perspective—and helping the most vulnerable members of society, more difficult. In small scale disasters (Chūetsu) applying organization and management measures was able to correct the problems caused by design and there were no cases of kodokushi: in large-scale disasters (Tōhoku), however, the difficulties to implement the same measures resulted in the reappearance of new cases at rates similar to Kobe’s. Our main conclusion is that the design of Japanese THAs must be reconsidered and changed to respond to the real needs of the most vulnerable groups.

Game theory modeling for vehicle–pedestrian interactions and simulation based on cellular automata

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950025 ◽  
Author(s):  
WenJing Wu ◽  
RunChao Chen ◽  
Hongfei Jia ◽  
Yongxing Li ◽  
ZhiKang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Hybrid Strategy ◽  
Traffic Performance ◽  
Traffic Conflicts ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

In order to study the effect of crossing pedestrians on traffic performance at crosswalk without signal control, the work develops a game theory-based description of pedestrian–vehicle interactions, considering the decision-making uncertainty. The hybrid strategy of the game is obtained. The relevant parameters of the game model are calibrated by collected video data. The cellular automaton simulation system composed of a two-way four-lane traffic flow and pedestrian flow is constructed with the game model imbedded for identifying the effect of crossing pedestrians on traffic performance. The influencing factors are identified with their correlation analyzed by numerical simulation of different traffic conditions. According to the simulation results, the arrival rate of pedestrians has a great impact on traffic volume and pedestrian delay. The severity of conflicts between vehicles and pedestrians is classified and the causes are identified by analyzing the arrival rate of pedestrians and vehicles, respectively, and their relationship between one another. In addition, the threshold of traffic flow and pedestrian flow causing traffic conflicts and delay is proposed, also including the threshold of pedestrian arrival rate which will induce force crossing behaviors. The results show that the proposed model reconstructs the traits of traffic and pedestrian flow and their conflicts phenomenon at crosswalks. It provides some practical references for transportation agencies to meet pedestrians time-cost and comfort needs in crossing streets when they design pedestrian crossing facilities.

scholarly journals CHOICE OF PEDESTRIAN CROSSING TYPE AT CROSSROADS USING SIMULATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (7) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Сергей Шец ◽  
Sergey Shets ◽  
Екатерина Справцева ◽  
Ekaterina Spravceva ◽  
Валентина Кешенкова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Circular Motion ◽  
Pedestrian Flow ◽  
Flow Motion ◽  
Basic Purpose ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Traffic Organization

In the paper there is carried out an analysis of transport delays in the city of Bryansk at the designed intersection with a circular motion connected with the necessity to allow high-intensity pedestrian flows to pass; the problem is complicated with the stop location close to the crossroads and a high share of route passenger vehicles. A basic purpose of the investigation is a definition of an optimum option for the organization of high-intensity pedestrian motion through a carriageway close to the crossroads with a circular motion. With the aid of the simulation in PTV Vissim environment there is carried out a comparative analysis of a basic option of a road traffic organization (completely controlled crossroads) and three design options of circular motion with different types of pedestrian crossing and its location regarding the crossroads and the stop. The assessment of carrying capacity and transport delays at the crossroads approach has shown that at a constantly high intensity of pedestrian flow motion in the course of a day it should be expedient to use a controlled pedestrian flow through a pedestrian crossing moved from a circular carriageway; this option allows decreasing transport delays for almost five times as compared with an uncontrolled motion and by more than 20% in comparison with the controlled pedestrian flow close to a ring.

A descriptive study of the prevalence of psychological distress and mental disorders in the Canadian population: comparison between low-income and non-low-income populations

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Caron ◽  
A. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Canadian Community Health Survey ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
High Psychological Distress

Objective This descriptive study compares rates of high psychological distress and mental disorders between low-income and non-low-income populations in Canada. Methods Data were collected through the Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health and Well-being (CCHS 1.2), which surveyed 36 984 Canadians aged 15 or over; 17.9% (n = 6620) was classified within the low-income population using the Low Income Measure. The K-10 was used to measure psychological distress and the CIDI for assessing mental disorders. Results One out of 5 Canadians reported high psychological distress, and 1 out of 10 reported at least one of the five mental disorders surveyed or substance abuse. Women, single, separated or divorced respondents, non-immigrants and Aboriginal Canadians were more likely to report suffering from psychological distress or from mental disorders and substance abuse. Rates of reported psychological distress and of mental disorders and substance abuse were much higher in low-income populations, and these differences were statistically consistent in most of the sociodemographic strata. Conclusion This study helps determine the vulnerable groups in mental health for which prevention and promotion programs could be designed.

MANAGING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN TEACHING AT HIGH SCHOOLS IN VINH YEN CITY, VINH PHUC PROVINCE MEETS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Kha Thap
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Information Technology Application

Entering the XXI century and especially in the period of the industrial revolution has entered the era of IT with the knowledge economy in the trend of globalization. The 4.0 mankind development of ICT, especially the Internet has had a strong impact and make changes to all activities profound social life of every country in the world. Through surveys in six high School, interviewed 85 managers and teachers on the status of the management of information technology application in teaching, author of the article used the SWOT method to distribute surface strength, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges from which to export 7 management measures consistent with reality. 7 measures have been conducting trials and the results showed that 07 measures of necessary and feasible.

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