In vivo and in vitro effect of androstene derivatives as 5α-reductase type 1 enzyme inhibitors

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1247-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Bratoeff ◽  
Araceli Sánchez ◽  
Yazmín Arellano ◽  
Yvonne Heuze ◽  
Juan Soriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Vitro Effect

Metallic Elements (Cu, Zn, Ni and Mn) Toxicity Effects Determination on a Fresh Water Fish Cyprinus Carpio (Common Carp) Laboratory Acclimatized

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (8) ◽  
pp. 1711-1715
Author(s):  
Stefania Gheorghe ◽  
Gabriela Geanina Vasile ◽  
Cristina Gligor ◽  
Irina Eugenia Lucaciu ◽  
Mihai Nita Lazar
Keyword(s):  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Fresh Water Fish ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Vitro Effect

Metallic elements copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn) are some of the most commonly found in water and sediment samples collected from the Danube - Danube Delta. These elements are important as essential micronutrients, being normally present at low concentrations in biological organisms, but in high concentrations they become toxic with immediate and delayed effects. The role of this metals is still controversial, that�s why bioconcentration potential is so important. In this non-clinical study, we tested in vitro effect of heavy metals on carp, Cyprinus carpio, reproducing in vivo presence of Cu, Zn, Ni and Mn in the Romanian�s surface water. The toxicity tests were performed according to OECD 203 by detecting the average (50%) lethal concentration - LC50 on aquatic organisms (freshwater fish) at 96h. The results pointed out that, copper value for LC 50 at 96h was estimated as 3.4 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.1 - 4.75 mg/L). Zinc value for LC 50 at 96h was estimated as 20.8 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.028 � 29.6 mg/L). Nickel value for LC 50 at 96h was estimated as 40.1 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.008 - 84.5 mg/L). For manganese the mortality effects has recorded at LC 50 at 96h at estimated value higher than 53 mg/L (concentrations tested in the range of 0.04 - 53.9 mg/L). The accuracy of the testing metals concentration was insured by the screening of the dilution water, as well as food and control fish, acclimated in laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Coxsackievirus B4 Infection on the Thymus: Elucidating Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1177
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alhazmi ◽  
Magloire Pandoua Nekoua ◽  
Hélène Michaux ◽  
Famara Sane ◽  
Aymen Halouani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Lymphoid Organ ◽  
Thymic Epithelial Cells ◽  
Central Tolerance ◽  
Coxsackievirus B4

The thymus gland is a primary lymphoid organ for T-cell development. Various viral infections can result in disturbance of thymic functions. Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) are important for the negative selection of self-reactive T-cells to ensure central tolerance. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is the dominant self-peptide of the insulin family expressed in mTECs and plays a crucial role in the intra-thymic programing of central tolerance to insulin-secreting islet β-cells. Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) can infect and persist in the thymus of humans and mice, thus hampering the T-cell maturation and differentiation process. The modulation of IGF2 expression and protein synthesis during a CVB4 infection has been observed in vitro and in vivo in mouse models. The effect of CVB4 infections on human and mouse fetal thymus has been studied in vitro. Moreover, following the inoculation of CVB4 in pregnant mice, the thymic function in the fetus and offspring was disturbed. A defect in the intra-thymic expression of self-peptides by mTECs may be triggered by CVB4. The effects of viral infections, especially CVB4 infection, on thymic cells and functions and their possible role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are presented.

scholarly journals Differential Activation of CD8+Tumor-Specific Tc1 and Tc2 Cells by an IL-10-Producing Murine Plasmacytoma

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 331-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Specht ◽  
Hans-Gerd Pauels ◽  
Christian Becker ◽  
Eckehart Kölsch
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Specific Tolerance

The involvement of counteractiveCD8+T-cell subsets during tumor-specific immune responses was analyzed in a syngeneic murine plasmacytoma model.CD8+Tc cells against the immunogenic IL-10-producing BALB/c plasmacytoma ADJ-PC-5 can be easily induced by immunization of BALB/c mice with X-irradiated ADJ-PC-5 tumor cellsin vivoandin vitro. However, the failure of recipient mice to mount a protective Tc response against the tumor during early stages of a real or simulated tumor growth is not due to immunological ignorance, but depends on the induction of tumor-specific tolerance, involving a population of tumorinducedCD8+T cells that are able to inhibit the generation of tumor-specific Tc cells in a primary ADJ-PC-5-specific MLTC, using IFN-γas a suppressive factor. Whereas most longterm cultivated CD8+ADJ-PC-5-specific Tc lines produce type-1 cytokines on stimulation, at least two of them, which were derived from a primary MLTC, display a type-2 cytokine spectrum. Furthermore, the primaryin vitroTc response against ADJ-PC-5 cells shows characteristics of a Tc2 response. The Tc response is strictly depending on tumor-derived IL-10.CD8+Tc cells that are induced in a primary MLTC do not produce IFN-γ, and the tumor-specific Tc response is enhanced by IL-4 but suppressed by IFN-γor IL-12. In contrast, ADJ-PC- 5-specificCD8+Tc cells from immunized mice are IFN-γproducing Tc1 cells. Since the primaryin vitroTc response against the tumor is suppressed even by the smallest numbers of irradiated ADJ-PC-5-specific Tc1 cells via IFN-γthese Tc1 cells behave similar to the suppressiveCD8+T cells that are induced during early stages of ADJ-PC-5 tumorigenesis.

P.3.d.011 In vitro and in vivo characterization of glycine transporter type-1 by two inhibitors, Org-24461 and NFPS

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. S435 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Marko ◽  
G. Szabo ◽  
S. Udvari ◽  
M. Agoston ◽  
E. Szabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Transporter ◽  
In Vivo Characterization

In vivo and in vitro effect of proteinase inhibitors on gut proteinases

2005 ◽  
Vol 1722 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
V TAMHANE ◽  
N CHOUGULE ◽  
A GIRI ◽  
A DIXIT ◽  
M SAINANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteinase Inhibitors ◽  
Vitro Effect

scholarly journals The consequences of deglycosylation of recombinant intra-melanosomal domain of human tyrosinase

2017 ◽  
Vol 399 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika B. Dolinska ◽  
Yuri V. Sergeev
Keyword(s):  
Oculocutaneous Albinism ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Multiple Site ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Melanin Biosynthesis ◽  
Human Tyrosinase

AbstractTyrosinase, a melanosomal glycoenzyme, catalyzes initial steps of the melanin biosynthesis. While glycosylation was previously studiedin vivo, we present three recombinant mutant variants of human tyrosinase, which were obtained using multiple site-directed mutagenesis, expressed in insect larvae, purified and characterized biochemically. The mutagenesis demonstrated the reduced protein expression and enzymatic activity due to possible loss of protein stability and protein degradation. However, the complete deglycosylation of asparagine residuesin vitro, including the residue in position 371, interrupts tyrosinase function, which is consistent with a melanin loss in oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1) patients.

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