Study on Building Structures with Sloping Ground under Seismic and Wind Load Conditions

A minimum-variance unbiased estimation method is developed to identify the time-varying wind load from measured responses. The formula derivation of recursive identification equations is obtained in state space. The new approach can simultaneously estimate the entire wind load and the unknown structural responses only with limited measurement of structural acceleration response. The fluctuating wind speed process is investigated by the autoregressive (AR) model method in time series analysis. The accuracy and feasibility of the inverse approach are numerically investigated by identifying the wind load on a twenty-story shear building structure. The influences of the number and location of accelerometers are examined and discussed. In order to study the stability of the proposed method, the effects of the errors in crucial factors such as natural frequency and damping ratio are discussed through detailed parametric analysis. It can be found from the identification results that the proposed method can identify the wind load from limited measurement of acceleration responses with good accuracy and stability, indicating that it is an effective approach for estimating wind load on building structures.

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Component Combination Rules of Wind Load Effects of Building Structures

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10248775 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (24) ◽

pp. 8775

Author(s):

Haiwei Guan ◽

Yuji Tian

Keyword(s):

Extreme Values ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Wind Load ◽

Combination Method ◽

Wind Effect ◽

Building Structures ◽

Combination Rules ◽

Load Effect ◽

Mean Values ◽

Standard Deviations

Under the action of the same wind azimuth, the extreme values of the wind load effect components of building structures are generated in the along-wind, cross-wind, vertical, and torsional directions. In designing the wind-resistant structure, the extreme values of effect components need to be combined to determine the internal force envelope values of members. Complete quadratic combination (CQC) and Turkstra combination rules are often used to determine the combination value of extreme values of wind effect components. The extreme probability distribution expressions of the CQC, and the Turkstra and approximate rules, are derived. The simplified combination Equations and combination coefficients of the CQC and Turkstra approximate rules are proposed in this paper. We use the combination Equations and Monte Carlo simulation method to analyze the accuracy of Turkstra and its approximate rules. The results show that the combination extreme is associated with the correlation coefficients, mean values, ratios of standard deviations, and fluctuating extremes of effect components. The errors between Turkstra and its approximate rules are small when load effect components show a positive correlation. The errors are largest when the standard deviations of components are equal. Our research results provide a theoretical basis for the combination method of wind load effect components of building structures.

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Effect of Precast Cladding on the Wind Load Response of Tall Building Structures

PCI Journal ◽

10.15554/pcij.03011993.72.84 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 72-84

Author(s):

Regina Gaiotti ◽

Bryan Stafford Smith

Keyword(s):

Wind Load ◽

Tall Building ◽

Building Structures ◽

Load Response

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Overview of dynamic test methods for examining the glass window resistance

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202135200004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 352 ◽

pp. 00004

Author(s):

Richard Jankura ◽

Vlastimil Mach

Keyword(s):

Impact Test ◽

Dynamic Test ◽

Wind Load ◽

Test Methods ◽

Building Structures ◽

Dynamic Impact ◽

Window System ◽

Window Systems ◽

Extreme Load

In recent years, glass, and glass facades are increasingly used as part of building structures. Due to its functions, glass is used in commercial, residential, or strategic buildings, such as airports, stations, or offices. However, window system is subject to several forms of the load. This can be an extreme load in the form of an explosion, an earthquake, or other types of loads, such as their wind load, or dynamic impact. In the article, we focused on an overview of several norms, standards, and research that address the issue of resilience of window systems. The aim of the article was to identify the parameters that are examined in various tests in the standards. The investigated parameters of windows in a manual attempt at burglary, impact test, and explosion were discussed in the article.

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Wind Resistance Research and Wind Tunnel Test of Large-Span Roof Based on Yancheng Financial Center

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1036 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 405-408 ◽

pp. 1036-1040

Author(s):

Fei Liu ◽

Zhi Qiang Zhang ◽

Zi Fen Fang

Keyword(s):

Wind Tunnel ◽

Complex Shape ◽

Wind Tunnel Test ◽

Wind Load ◽

Practical Significance ◽

Induced Response ◽

Critical Element ◽

Building Structures ◽

Large Span ◽

Financial Center

A large number of buildings with large-span or complex-shape have come to the fore in recent years. To these structures, wind load tends to be control load in the structural design. Shape coefficient of wind load which Chinese load code for the design of building structures can provide is extremely limited due to complex-shape of long-span space structures, therefore carrying our related study is of great practical significance. Yancheng Financial Center model is established in this paper based on ETABS software. The acquired date in the use of wind tunnel test is to simulate wind load which is on the structure and to analysis stress distribution of critical element in order to ensure safety and applicability of structures. This paper mainly covers wind tunnel test, equivalent static wind load, and wind-induced response, etc.

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The Affectivity of Various Wind Condition and Shear Wall Opening in Multi-Story Building on Displacement by Changing Shear Wall Location and its Configuration

Advanced Engineering Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.30.71 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 71-79

Author(s):

Rasheed Altouhami ◽

David Yeoh ◽

Lovein Soon Hong ◽

Hassan Ali ◽

Ashraf Radwan

Keyword(s):

Lateral Displacement ◽

Shear Wall ◽

Lateral Load ◽

Wind Load ◽

Seismic Load ◽

Wind Condition ◽

High Rise ◽

Story Building ◽

Maximum Lateral Displacement ◽

Load Conditions

Shear wall system is used as one of the most lateral load resisting systems in mulit-story building. Shear wall is quite effective in resisting wind and seismic load in medium-rise and high-rise building. Shear wall provided high stiffness and strength, which can be used to resist large lateral as well as vertical load, making the performance of the building beneficial in various wind load conditions. This study has been focused on the displacement of the different lateral load resisting system for high-rise buildings under various wind load conditions. In this paper, a study was carried out by changing the locations of shear wall radically to determine the structural configuration of a multistory building accordantly. This study has been focused on the effect of addition of shear wall at different location and configuration in buildings without shear wall as well as with shear wall. Besides that, from the software results, the behavior of the shear wall with and without opening was able to observed by obtaining the lateral displacement when acted by 10kN point load at the top left of the wall. The accuracy of the software was able to verify by comparing the result obtained from ETABS and SAP2000 and it was found that the percentage difference between values obtained from that two software is below 20 percent. The maximum lateral displacement at 40m/s and 50m/s is 1.8 and 2.8 times bigger than maximum lateral displacement at 30m/s respectively. The lateral displacement of the shear wall increases as the opening size increases.

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The Effect of the Foundation’s Rotation of the Portal-Rigid Frames on the Internal Force of the Upper Structure

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.944 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 94-96 ◽

pp. 944-948

Author(s):

De Zhi Liang ◽

Jun Wang ◽

Li Sun ◽

Jun Cui

Keyword(s):

Internal Force ◽

Constant Load ◽

Wind Load ◽

Live Load ◽

Rigid Frames ◽

Load Conditions

The paper focuses on the value of the foundation’s rotation of the light steel portal-rigid frames which is caused by the upper uneven loads .It analyzes the effect of the rotation of the foundation on the internal force of the upper structure. It calculates the values of the rotation and the influence to the internal force of the upper structure respectively under four different load conditions which are constant load, live load, wind load, and crane load. It draws a conclusion that the additional internal force which is caused by the rotation of the foundation is large. If not consider the effect in the design, the structure is unsafe.

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INFLUENCE OF POINT HEIGHT CONSTRUCTION ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF EXISTING BUILDINGS

Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education] ◽

10.22227/2305-5502.2019.1.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Olga I. Poddaeva ◽

Oleg O. Egorychev ◽

Zhanna I. Nagornova

Keyword(s):

Wind Load ◽

Experimental Modeling ◽

Building Structures ◽

Aerodynamic Coefficients ◽

Existing Building ◽

High Rise ◽

Aerodynamic Pressure ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Bioclimatic Comfort ◽

The Impact

Introduction. The article is devoted to the description of the method of experimental modeling of wind effects on buildings and structures located in dense urban areas. The relevance of the research topic is explained by the increase in the density of urban development in large cities, as well as the tendency to the point construction of high-rise buildings in areas with existing low-rise, historical buildings. Materials and methods. Experimental modeling in a wind tunnel is considered as a research method. Studies were conducted on a reduced geometrically similar model of the real object. As measuring equipment was used the research system, which based on differential strain-gauge pressure sensors. The results of experimental studies are presented in the form of dimensionless aerodynamic pressure coefficients. The object under study is a building consisting of three non-high-rise and one designed high-rise buildings. In order to assess the impact of the designed building on the wind load on the existing building structures, three different schemes of their location were considered. Results. Parameters of wind load (aerodynamic coefficients) on existing building structures were determined and exponential graphs of the dependence of the average values of the aerodynamic coefficients on the location of the height structure and the angle of attack of the incident air flow were constructed. Conclusions. The results of the research suggest a significant decrease in the average wind load on the buildings of the existing building when the high-rise building is located near it, which indicates the beneficial effect of this arrangement of buildings on the aerodynamic situation of the area in terms of wind load on the buildings themselves. Nevertheless, at the stage of development of project documentation for each such facility, it is recommended to conduct comprehensive studies, where, in addition to the wind load, the impact of the designed structures on the aeration and bioclimatic comfort of the development area will be assessed.

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Wind Analysis of High-Rise Building Resting on Sloping (Hilly) Grounds of Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria

Journal of Engineering Research and Reports ◽

10.9734/jerr/2020/v13i117092 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 21-34

Author(s):

Roy O. Ononye ◽

Kevin C. Okolie ◽

F. O. Ezeokoli ◽

S. C. Ugochukwu

Keyword(s):

Response Spectrum ◽

Wind Loads ◽

Building Structures ◽

Sloping Ground ◽

High Rise ◽

High Rise Building ◽

Wind Analysis ◽

Key Factor ◽

Speed Up ◽

Wind Induced Vibration

The importance of wind induced vibration is a key factor in the analysis, design and construction of high-rise building structures. Owing to scarce land resources, urbanization and ever-growing demand for accommodation is leading developers into sloping (hilly) grounds which in turn requires researches on the structural equilibrium of these structures. This study draws to mind the requirements of a fast-growing city of the Federal Capital Territory, FCT, Abuja considering her vast undulating planes and plateaus, high altitudes and windspeeds (50 m/s). Here therein, lies a comparative study of different types of building configurations and responses for sloping grounds using approaches form seismic analyses as a background to achieving set objectives. The study therefore, attempts the application of a commonly used method (Static Wind Analysis, SWA) for analysis of wind loads on structures and also understudying the outcomes of applying the same loads using dynamic method (Response Spectrum Analysis, RSA). STAAD Pro V8i software was used to synthesize both analyses using the ASCE 705 code (wind speed-up over Hills) on 40 models for each analysis method for a 3x5 planar building configurations (G+6, G+8, G+12 and G+18) on grounds (0°, 6°, 14°, 18°, and 27°). The findings confirmed the complexities of sloping ground buildings with a greater chance of vibration and sway for SWA than in RSA. It was concluded, that the Stepback-setback (STPB-SETB) frames were better configured to combat wind loads on sloping grounds for both analyses. Recommendations includes, prioritizing the construction industry, collaboration with international bodies on High-rise development, developing a data base and wind testing facilities.

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