From the history of Kyrgyzstan people’s education in the second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century (based on archival data)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-2) ◽  
pp. 175-184
Author(s):  
Jeenbek Alymbaev ◽  
Ainura Mamatova ◽  
Saltanat Tashbolotova
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Schools ◽  
Public Education ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

Based on archival materials obtained from the Central State Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the article analyzes the state of public education in modern Kyrgyzstan during the period under review as part of the Turkestan Governor General in the Semirechensk, Syr-Dariya and Ferghana Regions. It is noted that since the 1870s civil and church elementary schools began to work for children of the Russian-speaking population. The article also draws attention to the emergence of new-method schools, the features of which consisted in the abandonment of the old education system. These schools draw attention to methods, training periods and subjects of teaching. One of the features of public education of the period under review was the functioning of Muslim educational institutions, madrasa.

scholarly journals Education in Kazakhstan in the 1920s

2021 ◽  
Vol 135 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
O.H. Mukhatova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Higher Educational Institutions ◽  
Central State ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
History Of ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Archives

The article describes the history of education in Kazakhstan in the 1920s on the basis of an analysis of valuable documents stored in the archives of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Central State Archives and the State Regional Archives of the Kyzylorda Region. Also, it considers new views and scientific conceptual conclusions approved in the domestic historical science. The author presents the advantages and disadvantages of Soviet education in Kazakhstan more than ten years after the establishment of Soviet power. There are analyzed important documents of the revolutionary reorganization of public education in the article. There are revealed essence and content of the decisions of the commissariat of public education on the formation and development of the education system in the region. The author describes the formation of schools of the I and II stages, seven-year education, schools - communes. The article shows the number of schools in Kazakhstan in the 1920-1921 academic year and students, the amount of funds allocated from the budget. There are shown processes of formation and development of the Leninist labor school. There are revealed directions and results of political and educational work in the field of education. According to archival sources, there are considered such problems as lack of school premises and personnel. The article considers the growth in the number of schools and students. The author studied state of education in secondary specialized and higher educational institutions. The author highlighted a problem of training of personnel necessary for the sphere of education in secondary vocational and higher educational institutions. The article provides information about the elimination of illiteracy, the transition to the Latin alphabet, the publication of textbooks, developed curricula for disciplines. There is presented a work of local departments of public education on the issue of new textbooks for Kazakh schools in the article

scholarly journals Children’s Memories of the Leningrad Blockade in the Materials of the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-269
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Uvarov
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

The article offers the previously unpublished memoirs of eleven Leningrad residents who were children during the German blockade of the city. All of them were collected in 1998-1999 by Nina Aleksandrovna Koroleva, and are today kept in her collection in the Central State Archive of the Udmurt Republic. After the war, Nina Aleksandrovna came to live in Udmurtia, where she started to record memories about wartime. Conventionally, her documents can be divided into two groups. The first includes the memories of those who were evacuated to Udmurtia during the Great Patriotic War. The second group consists of memories of those who ended up in the republic after the end of the war. All documents are preserved in the author's edition. The memoirs reflect childhood impressions of the siege period. Their authors share their feelings from the beginning of the blockade, and report details of their daily life during the siege; they also reveal the coping strategies of the respective families. Descriptions of the labor conducted by children invite for conclusions about their contribution to the Soviet victory. Very emotional are the reports about the lifting of the blockade. Some memoirs contain details of the evacuation from Leningrad to the mainland. From the perspective of the history of everyday life, the publication of these memoirs expands our knowledge about the Great Patriotic War and, in particular, about the blockade of Leningrad.

Sources on Regulatory Activity of the Inorodtsy Local Self-Government Agencies in the South of Russia in the 19th - Early 20th Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 364-374
Author(s):  
Irina V. Lidgieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
National Archive ◽  
The State ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Regulatory Activity ◽  
The South ◽  
Stavropol Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

The article analyses public censure as a source of regulatory activity of the inorodsty (non-Russian indigenous ethnicities) local authorities in the South of Russia in the 19th – early 20th century. Integration of nomadic peoples in the all-Empire legal and economic sphere made provisions for continuation of some common law institutions. Among these were local self-government bodies. Local self-government activities in indigenous societies incorporate practices of representative democracy within the framework of customary and positive law and also interactions between state and society, all of which has much relevance to this day and age. Assembly (skhod) produced public censure that included purview with majority decision. Most sources come from the State archive of Stavropol Region and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. General and special scientific research methods assess public censure as a source on the history of the inorodsty in the South of Russia in the 19th – early 20th century. The form of sentence was not fixed by law, and yet content analysis of documentary materials from the State Archive of the Stavropol Region and the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia concludes that it remained unchanged throughout the 19th – early 20th century. Content of public censure allows to reconstruct the spectrum of issues put before the assembly and to classify them by topic: legal, social, and financial and economic. The author concludes that verdicts of the inorodsty societies of the period, as legal acts of local significance and great information value, are one of the main sources on socio-political and socio-economic history of the region.

Vladikavkaz Nikolaev School

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Lana К. Khubaeva
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
World War ◽  
Central State ◽  
The Public ◽  
The First World War ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
First World

The article is devoted to the Vladikavkaz city Nikolaev school, which was opened in 1874. Documents preserved in the fund of the Public Schools Directorate of the Central State Archive (CSA) of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania indicate that the school was a male educational institution and the name of the school was named after Nikolai Ugodnik. The school was originally a four-year school, later, in 1897, it was transformed into a six-year school. It was subordinate to the Ministry of Public Education and the Directorate of public schools in the Terek region. On November 3, 1895, the Society for Aid to the Poorest Students of the Vladikavkaz Nikolaev School was officially registered at the school. The fact of the creation of such a Society testifies to the fact that the school was not intended exclusively for children of privileged classes. The October Revolution made great changes in the educational system established by this period. Many schools have ceased to function. The same fate befell the Nikolaev School, but not immediately. The educational institution managed to prepare several generations of graduates who continued their education in higher educational institutions before and post-revolutionary Russia. The Nikolaev school entered the history of Vladikavkaz as a source of enlightenment, thanks to which dozens of young people who did not live not only in Vladikavkaz, but also those who entered here from remote areas of the region received education. The school existed until 1921, having survived two Russian revolutions and the period of the First World War.

scholarly journals DOCUMENTS OF THE CENTRAL STATE ARCHIVE OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEATRICAL ART IN THE REPUBLIC IN 1946-1960S

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-638
Author(s):  
Albina D. Kulaeva
Keyword(s):  
Research Topic ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
Species Classification ◽  
Direct Relevance ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Work And Life

The article analyzes the materials settled in the fixed assets master repository of documents of the Republic of Dagestan, and also in funds of direct relevance to the history of theatrical art of Dagestan in 1946-1960-ies attempted on the background of the overall characteristics of the documents on the research topic in accordance with the species classification to assess new, previously involved in scientific circulation sources, which will form the basis for the development of new aspects of the problem. Special attention is paid to development of theatrical art of Dagestan in the period reflected in the documents as well as issues related to the functioning of Russian and national theaters, their material security, conditions of creative work and life of theatre workers.

scholarly journals From the history of the creation of the Department of Psychiatry of the Dagestan Medical Institute (1936–1941)

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
S. B. Manyshev ◽  
K. B. Manysheva
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Central State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Psychiatric Department ◽  
Medical University ◽  
First Time

The work is devoted to the history of the establishment of the Department of Psychiatry of the Dagestan Medical Institute. In the article, based on the first time archival materials introduced into the scientific circulation from the funds of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Dagestan and the archive of the Dagestan State Medical University, the organization of the psychiatric department and the clinic is highlighted. The contribution of the first employees was noted, the difficulties encountered in the first years of the department’s existence were highlighted. Also reviewed is the scientific work of the Department of Psychiatry of the Dagestan Medical University in the late 1930s.

scholarly journals V.M. Bekhterev`s Pedagogical Institute for Social Breeding and Research of the Normal and Defective Child (1921-1925): Theoretical and Applied Value

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
E.A. Dolgova ◽  
D.A. Hivinova
Keyword(s):  
Educational Program ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Experimental Science ◽  
Central State ◽  
Pedagogical Institute ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One

In article is covered the history of one of interesting educational institutions of the beginning of the 1920th – Vladimir Bekhterev`s Pedagogical institute for social breeding and research of the normal and defective child acting as a part of Psychoneurological academy in 1921-1925. Addressing unpublished documentation from funds of the Central state archive of St. Petersburg, the State archive of the Russian Federation, authors reconstruct history of creation and feature of functioning of Institute, investigate its scientific educational program and possibilities of its realization in practice, characterize structure and dynamics of training of students, place emphasis on establishment of interrelation of Institute with other institutions and laboratories of Psychoneurological academy, providing his functioning infrastructure. Authors draw a conclusion that the Vladimir Bekhterev`s Pedagogical institute for social breeding and research of the normal and defective child became useful experience of coordination of theoretical researches and applied developments in field of experimental pedagogics of the 1920th. Classical psychoneurological theories, on the one hand, and the ideas of the doctrine of V.M. Bekhterev - reflexology (individual and collective) - with another have been the basis for an institution. The educational program offered as a result differed from existing at that time and assumed attention to a labor element of education and a priority of a practical training over theoretical. The last answered the essential tasks set for scientific community and it was demanded in the early twenties: the project has got public financing and support. Though the idea of Institute was impractical, it reflects a bright, contradictory and interesting era of experimental science in the 1920th.

scholarly journals The State of Religious Education in Azerbaijan in the 20th Century and Today

Islamovedenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Hasanli Elchin Abbas oglu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
State Control ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Republic Of Turkey

The article examines the history of religious education in Azerbaijan, its place and role in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods. In Soviet times, many mosques were closed in Azerbaijan, as in other socialist republics, and religious education was controlled by the state. Starting in the 1940s, the Soviet regime's attitude towards religions, including Islam, began to soften, and some closed mosques were allowed to operate. In Soviet times, there were 17 mosques in Azerbaijan. At the end of the 20th century, after Azerbaijan gained independence, mosques and religious ed-ucational institutions were re-opened, and a number of fundamental laws regulating the activities of Islamic educational institutions were adopted. In this regard, the article reflects educational activities of Islamic institutions currently operating in the country. The activities of the Republic of Turkey to establish a network of religious educational institutions in Baku and other regions are particularly noted. The author considers it inappropriate to leave religious education outside state control, since various radical religious groups may use it for their political purposes.

scholarly journals Typological Diversity of Unrealized Editions of the Tomsk Province at the Beginning of the 20th Century

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-74
Author(s):  
N. V. Zhilyakova
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Tomsk Region ◽  
History Of

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to identify the typological diversity of unrealized publications of the pre-revolutionary Tomsk province at the beginning of the 20th century, details of which are in the censorship affairs of the Main Department of Press Affairs (Russian State Historical Archive) and Tomsk Province Administration (Tomsk Region State Archive). Results. The information preserved in the archives, including the programs of the conceived editions of the cities of the Tomsk pre-revolutionary province, such as Barnaul, Novo-Nikolaevsk, Biysk, Kainsk, and others, make it possible to draw a conclusion about their typological status and, in some cases, to identify the possible reasons why the publication was not carried out. Among them are political motives, economic reasons and organizational difficulties. The conducted study allows us to conclude that the typological picture of the development of journalism in the Tomsk province becomes much more complicated if, along with the realized publications, to take into account unrealized projects of newspapers and magazines. The typology of most of the unrealized editions of the cities of the Tomsk province coincided with the newspapers and magazines of Tomsk, but some of the ideas reflect the desire of journalists to create bodies of periodicals of new types. Conclusion. The studied materials indicate that the study of the history of the development of provincial journalism is impossible without taking into account archival data, which allow us to see the possible vectors of development of the typological picture of the local periodicals.

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