scholarly journals Comparative Identification of Mycobacterium bovis By Using A Serological ELISA (IDEXX) and Tuberculin Test in Cattle in Wasit Province /Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (24) ◽  
pp. 459-472
Author(s):  
Hala SR. AL-Taee
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Endemic Area ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Scale Dependence ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Two Age Groups

In Iraq, due to semi-full-scale dependence on tuberculin test, and presence, only, limited serological and molecular studies, the practical Mycobacterium bovis infection rate still dispersed especially in Wasit province that consider as an endemic area for bovine tuberculosis. In this study, two diagnostic techniques were used, IDEXX ELISA and tuberculin test; 186 cattle (155 females and 31 males), selected randomly and divided into two age groups, the first with less than 5 years and the second with more than 5 years. All cattle submitted to both tests and the results showed that (9.13%) were positives for tuberculin test and (17.2%) for IDEXX ELISA. Also, in age groups, the result of <5 years group by tuberculin test was 5.04%, and 11.76% by IDEXX ELISA test; while in >5 years group, was 16.41% and 26.86%, by tuberculin test and IDEXX ELISA test, respectively. Significant, the statistical different, P£ 0.05, was reported through the positive results of both tests as well as the two age groups, while in sex groups, the variance had not shown through both sexes.

scholarly journals Bovine tuberculosis in one cattle herd in Ibadan in Nigeria

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 406-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. I B Cadmus ◽  
N. N Atsanda ◽  
S. O Oni ◽  
E. E U Akang
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Molecular Typing ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Cattle Herd ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Cultural Isolation ◽  
Male Animal

Bovine tuberculosis was investigated in one private herd with 171 cattle after five cases were suspected to be tuberculous following post mortem examination. Using the intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test 18 (10.5%) animals (ages from 2 to 12 years) were positive: 11 animals of N&rsquo;dama breed and seven animals of White&nbsp;Fulani (i.e. Bunaji) breed; 17 female and one male animal. In all 11 randomly selected positive reactors, a spectrum of tuberculous lesions affecting the lungs, spleen, heart, liver, and the lymph nodes were observed. All the smear samples obtained were positive for acid-fast bacilli; cultural isolation confirmed the growth of mycobacteria on pyruvate-enriched Loewenstein-Jensen medium, which were identified by molecular typing to be Mycobacterium bovis. This study demonstrates widespread infection in this cattle herd and potential risk of infection for the human population with M. bovis.

Diagnosis of Mycobacterium bovis infection in livestock using gamma interferon assay and single intradermal comparative tuberculin test in Assam and Meghalaya

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acheenta G. Barua ◽  
Himangshu Raj ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Chandana C. Barua ◽  
Arundhati Purkayastha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Pcr Targeting

The present study was carried out to investigate the diagnostic potential of gamma interferon (IFN-ã) assay and single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT), including species specification of bovine tuberculosis infection in different livestock farms of Assam and Meghalaya. A total of 199 animals (cattle and buffalo) were examined for bovine tuberculosis symptoms and swab samples were cultured. Biochemical tests and PCR were used for species specification of bovine tuberculosis. Out of 199 cases examined, 33 (16.58%) showed positive for SICTT, 39 (19.59%) for IFN-ã and 35(17.59%) for PCR. Based on PCR targeting pncA region, the confirmation was done for M. Bovis. IFN-ã thus ensures a sensitive and specific detection of early bovine tuberculosis infection together with SICTT and hence may be considered as a screening method of choice.

scholarly journals A comparison between indirect ELISA and tuberculin skin test in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Muasya ◽  
George Karuoya Gitau ◽  
Thaiyah Gitau Andrew ◽  
Daniel Waweru Gakuya ◽  
John Vanleeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Kappa Agreement

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is an important zoonotic disease which has remained persistent in many areas of the World. Control and eradication has proved problematic due to the challenges in effective screening and diagnosis. Limited information on the status of BTB in Kenya presents a need to investigate its occurrence in cattle population. The study was carried out using an indirect antibody Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA-IDEXX-USA) to assess the agreement with Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT) test results between August and December 2013 in Laikipia County. The study also determined the apparent prevalence of cattle BTB antibodies in Laikipia County. A total of 276 bovine serum samples were tested using MPB70 and MPB83 recombinant proteins as capture antigens in the ELISA kit. Data were recorded in Microsoft Excel and exported to SPSS 16.0 for analysis. Apparent prevalence was calculated as a proportion at 95% CI, Kappa statistics computed, and test of significance assessed by Chi-square and Fisher exact test.  The results showed an individual animal apparent prevalence of 3.9% (11/276) and a herd prevalence of 58.3% (7/12). There was no significant association between BTB infection and both animal level factors, breed and sex. Kappa agreement test between ELISA test and TST showed a good agreement at K= 0.65. This study reported the prevalence of BTB in cattle for the first time in Laikipia County Kenya using the IDEXX ELISA. The ELISA test was comparable to the tuberculin test which is used as the gold standard for screening TB on live animals. The two tests can be used alongside for series or parallel interpretation to achieve desirable diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in disease control programs.

scholarly journals Genetic profiles of Mycobacterium bovis from a cattle herd in southernmost Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5Supl2) ◽  
pp. 3719
Author(s):  
Antonio Francisco de Souza Filho ◽  
Ana Luiza Alves Rosa Osório ◽  
Klaudia Dos Santos Gonçalves Jorge ◽  
Flábio Ribeiro Araújo ◽  
Carlos Eugênio Soto Vidal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
As Species ◽  
Recent Transmission ◽  
Bovine Tissue ◽  
Genetic Profiles ◽  
Different Sources

Mycobacterium bovis is the agent of bovine tuberculosis, a disease endemic to all Brazilian states. Molecular typing techniques help to stratify and refine data, providing information that facilitates epidemiological research. In this study, MIRU-VNTR, targeting 24 loci, was employed to identify and characterize the genetic groups of M. bovis isolates obtained from an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis. Eighteen acid-fast bacilli isolates, obtained from bovine tissue samples, and reactive to the comparative cervical tuberculin test, were identified as species of the M. tuberculosis complex, and were genotyped by MIRU-VNTR with 24 primer pairs. Genotyping revealed three genetic profiles comprising one with 15 isolates (83.3%), one with two isolates (11.1%), and one profile with one unique isolate (5.6%). This distinction was achieved with the MIRU 31 primer, which resulted in clustering of two isolates into the same profile, and ETR A, B, and C, which discriminated the isolate with a unique profile. The occurrence of clustered isolates is indicative of recent transmission, whereas isolates with a unique profile suggest reactivation of latent infection. The presence of different M. bovis genotypes in the same herd suggests movement of infected animals or different sources of intra-herd infection. Use of the MIRU-VNTR molecular epidemiology technique in M. bovis isolates obtained from an outbreak of bovine tuberculosis in Rio Grande do Sul state demonstrated the genetic diversity of circulating strains, despite the presence of a predominant group.

scholarly journals Prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and its effects on milk production in Red Chittagong cattle

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Rahman ◽  
MA Samad
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Positive Reaction ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Immunochromatographic Assay ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Positive Results

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is one of the most prevalent economically important zoonotic diseases and tuberculin test has been widely used to detect its prevalence worldwide. This study used a commercial immunochromatographic assay (ICGA) to detect the prevalence of bTB and to evaluate the differences in milk production between lactating cows with positive and negative results in Bangladesh. Thirty Red Chittagong (indigenous) cattle (RCC) were randomly selected from a herd of 87 RCC maintained at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Dairy Farm (BAUDF), Mymensingh during the period from March to July 2008, of which 30% cattle showed positive reaction to bTB. Of the 30 tested cattle, 35.29% (6/17) lactating cows, 20.0% (1/5) non-lactating pregnant cows, 33.33% (1/3) weaned calves and 20.0% (1/5) unweaned calves showed positive reaction to bTB. The detection of bTB in two calves and their respective mother cows indicates the possible transmission of TB organism through their colostrums / milk. Of the 17 lactating cows, 6 cows had positive and 11 had negative results to bTB. Cows with positive results produced less milk ( mean 1.29 litre / day / cow ) in comparison to cows with negative test ( mean 1.57 litre / day/ cow ) results which appeared as 17.83% reduction of milk production. Further study on the mastitis with or without bTB and its effect on milk production require data of more herds for conclusion of these results. Key words: Red Chittagong cattle, bovine tuberculosis, immunochromatographic assay, milk production doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v6i2.2332 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2008). 6 (2): 175-178

A comparison between indirect ELISA and tuberculin skin test in the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Muasya ◽  
George Karuoya Gitau ◽  
Thaiyah Gitau Andrew ◽  
Daniel Waweru Gakuya ◽  
John Vanleeuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Kappa Statistics ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Apparent Prevalence ◽  
Kappa Agreement

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is an important zoonotic disease which has remained persistent in many areas of the World. Control and eradication has proved problematic due to the challenges in effective screening and diagnosis. Limited information on the status of BTB in Kenya presents a need to investigate its occurrence in cattle population. The study was carried out using an indirect antibody Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA-IDEXX-USA) to assess the agreement with Comparative Intradermal Tuberculin Test (CITT) test results between August and December 2013 in Laikipia County. The study also determined the apparent prevalence of cattle BTB antibodies in Laikipia County. A total of 276 bovine serum samples were tested using MPB70 and MPB83 recombinant proteins as capture antigens in the ELISA kit. Data were recorded in Microsoft Excel and exported to SPSS 16.0 for analysis. Apparent prevalence was calculated as a proportion at 95% CI, Kappa statistics computed, and test of significance assessed by Chi-square and Fisher exact test.  The results showed an individual animal apparent prevalence of 3.9% (11/276) and a herd prevalence of 58.3% (7/12). There was no significant association between BTB infection and both animal level factors, breed and sex. Kappa agreement test between ELISA test and TST showed a good agreement at K= 0.65. This study reported the prevalence of BTB in cattle for the first time in Laikipia County Kenya using the IDEXX ELISA. The ELISA test was comparable to the tuberculin test which is used as the gold standard for screening TB on live animals. The two tests can be used alongside for series or parallel interpretation to achieve desirable diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in disease control programs.

scholarly journals Bovine tuberculosis in domestic and wild mammals in an area of Dorset. I. Tuberculosis in cattle

1982 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Wilesmith ◽  
T. W. A. Little ◽  
H. V. Thompson ◽  
C. Swan
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Major Outbreak ◽  
Two Peaks

SUMMARYA major outbreak of tuberculosis occurred in cattle on a farm in Dorset between 1970 and 1976. Six hundred and twenty-six cattle were slaughtered either because they reacted to the tuberculin test or had been exposed to infection. No source of infection was found until 1974 when badgers infected with Mycobacterium bovis were first discovered.An analysis of the tuberculin test records of this herd and the six surrounding herds indicated that tuberculosis had been a sporadic problem since the early 1960's. Two peaks of infection occurred in the most severely affected herd in 1970 and 1974 when 29·8% and 27·3% of animals, respectively, reacted to the tuberculin test. These figures are exceptionally high. During the last 20 years there have been two periods when all the herds in the area had synchronous outbreaks consistent with a common source.Analysis indicated that cattle were at greatest risk in April and May and suggest that there was re-exposure to infection at this time each year. In addition the cattle were apparently exposed to M. bovis, at sufficiently high levels for transmission to occur, for only a relatively short period of time.

scholarly journals Bovine Tuberculosis in the Republic of Macedonia: Postmortem, Microbiological and Molecular Study in Slaughtered Reactor Cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iskra Cvetkovikj ◽  
Slavcho Mrenoshki ◽  
Kiril Krstevski ◽  
Igor Djadjovski ◽  
Branko Angjelovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Mycobacterium Caprae ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Republic

Abstract Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease in cattle caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis and to a lesser extent by Mycobacterium caprae. The other members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) can also cause the disease in domestic and wild animals and all of them have a zoonotic potential. The main purpose of the study was to determine the presence and distribution of the tuberculous lesions in reactor cattle, and to isolate and identify the causative agents of bovine tuberculosis in the Republic of Macedonia. Lymph nodes and affected organs from 188 reactor cattle slaughtered due to a positive intradermal comparative cervical tuberculin test were analyzed by detection of tuberculous lesions, followed by isolation and molecular identification of the isolated mycobacteria. The isolation was performed on selective media - Lowenstein Jensen with glycerol, Lowenstein Jensen without glycerol and Stonebrink medium supplemented with pyruvate. The molecular identification of the MTBC members was performed by analysis of the Regions of difference (RD1, RD9 and RD4) and detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the lepA gene for Mycobacterium caprae. Typical tuberculous lesions were detected in 62 animals (33.0%) and the lesions were most prevalent in the mediastinal lymph nodes (47.5%). The isolated mycobacteria in the MTBC were identified as Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae and were found in both animals with visible lesions (82.2%) and animals without visible lesions (27.7%). The slaughterhouse postmortem examinations and laboratory investigations should be included on regular bases in order to improve the National eradication program.

scholarly journals The Risk of False-Positive Serological Results for Paratuberculosis in Mycobacterium bovis-Infected Cattle

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1054
Author(s):  
Anna Didkowska ◽  
Monika Krajewska-Wędzina ◽  
Daniel Klich ◽  
Kinga Prolejko ◽  
Blanka Orłowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Positive Results

Both bovine tuberculosis (BTB) and paratuberculosis (paraTB) continue to cause significant economic losses in cattle breeding; in addition, their etiological agents have zoonotic potential. Although the diagnostics of both diseases are still being improved, problems still remain, such as the potential for cross-reactivity to the antigens used in tests. The aim of the present study was to confirm whether animals known to harbor Mycobacterium bovis antibodies are at increased risk of yielding positive results in paraTB serotesting and, additionally, to verify the accuracy of three commonly used methods for confirming M. bovis infection: ELISA, the tuberculin skin test (TST), and the presence of gross lesions. Material was collected from 98 dairy cattle suspected of BTB due to TST-positive results. During postmortem examination, gross lesions were assessed visually. Blood, lymph nodes, and TB-suspected organs were collected. Serum was obtained from the collected blood and tested serologically for TB and paraTB. The tissues underwent standard microbiological testing for M. tuberculosis complex. Among the 98 TST-positive individuals, tuberculous gross lesions were detected in 57 (58.1%), MTBC were isolated in 83 (84.7%), and the ELISA test was positive for 21 (21.4%). None of the lesions characteristic for paraTB were detected. The chance of obtaining a positive TB result by ELISA was seven times higher using the ELISA-paraTB method; hence, there is a significant risk of obtaining false-positive serological results for paraTB in M. bovis-infected cattle. However, the hypothesis that infection of M. bovis or prior TST performance may have boosted the host immune response and therefore increased the sensitivity of the paraTB-ELISA cannot be excluded.

Real-Time PCR Detection of Mycobacterium bovis in Blood and Lymph Node Aspirates of Bovines Positive in Tuberculosis Screening Tests

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Narang ◽  
G. S. Sidhu ◽  
G. Filia ◽  
A. Singh ◽  
S. T. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Tuberculosis Screening ◽  
Three Samples

Bovine tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease affecting broad range of mammalian hosts. ESAT-6 is a low molecular weight immunodominant protein coded by esxA gene located on RD1 region of genome and is responsible for virulence of Mycobacterium bovis. Out of 200 animals screened for bovine Tuberculosis (bTB), 38 animals (19%) were found positive for Comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) (32 cattle, 6 buffaloes) and 41 animals were tested positive by IFN-g assay (29 cattle, 12 buffaloes). DNA extraction of blood (n=200) and lymph node aspirates (n=48) was done. Among 200 blood samples targeted for esxA (ESAT-6) gene, three samples (1.5%) whose CT was between 23-34 were considered positive by real-time PCR. Out of 48 animals (lymph node aspirates) that were positive either by CITT or IFN-g, one sample (2.08%) whose CT was between 23-34 were considered positive by real-time PCR. Remaining samples whose CT values were equal to or greater than 35 were considered negative. The sensitivity of esxA was 8 pg/ìl by real time PCR.

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