Early preschool environments and gender: Effects of gender pedagogy in Sweden

To test how early social environments affect children’s consideration of gender, 3- to 6-year-old children (N = 80) enrolled in gender-neutral or typical preschool programs in the central district of a large Swedish city completed measures designed to assess their gender-based social preferences, stereotypes, and automatic encoding. Compared with children in typical preschools, a greater proportion of children in the gender-neutral school were interested in playing with unfamiliar other-gender children. In addition, children attending the gender-neutral preschool scored lower on a gender stereotyping measure than children attending typical preschools. Children at the gender-neutral school, however, were not less likely to automatically encode others’ gender. The findings suggest that gender-neutral pedagogy has moderate effects on how children think and feel about people of different genders but might not affect children’s tendency to spontaneously notice gender.

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Salesperson authenticity and gender-based perceptions: an international study

Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research ◽

10.15549/jeecar.v7i1.398 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 137-149

Author(s):

Michael Stros ◽

Timothy Heinze ◽

David Říha ◽

Bodo Möslein-Tröppner ◽

Elena Říhová ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Interpersonal Communication ◽

Gender Diversity ◽

International Study ◽

Body Language ◽

Spoken Word ◽

Gender Effects ◽

Sales Training ◽

Sales Effectiveness ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

Mirroring the increasing percentage of women in the professional workforce, the number of females in sales has dramatically risen in recent years. The growth of gender diversity within the world of B-to-B buying and selling requires an examination of potential gender effects associated with interpersonal communications. The latter influences perceptions of authenticity, which in turn, influence sales effectiveness. The current study uses an international sample to review interpersonal communication drivers that are associated with buyer perceptions of salesperson authenticity. Gender differences associated with the processing of body language and the spoken word are particularly examined. Results indicate that, in high-involvement sales situations, female perceptions of salesperson authenticity are highly influenced by salesperson body language. Male perceptions, conversely, are more heavily influenced by the spoken word. Implications for sales training are provided.

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An Empirical Analysis of Gender Role Stereotype Both At Work Place and Home

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.b3139.129219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 343-349

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Gender Stereotyping ◽

Gender Effects ◽

Work Place ◽

Professional Career ◽

The People ◽

Role Stereotype ◽

Gender Role Stereotype ◽

And Gender

Gender and Gender stereotyping plays an influential role in one's personal and professional career too. The article tries to explore how gender effects gender stereotyping at both work place and home. The data had been collected from 100 faculty members from private universities located in Odisha, province of India through a questionnaire. Stratified random sampling technique was used for selecting respondents. Descriptive statistical methods are used for demographic data of the respondents. Cross tabulation is used to test the association between home stereotype score and workplace stereotype score. Statistical package for social sciences software is used for statistical analysis of the data. Results indicate that gender stereotyping still exists in the people with higher qualification also. The effect of gender stereotyping will be seen both at personal life and professional life. The people with no gender differentiation are more supportive than people with gender stereotyping.

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Violencia por razón de género en la pareja y estereotipos en el sistema de justicia: lecciones del Comité de la CEDAW = Gender-Based Violence in Intimate Relationships and Stereotypes in the Justice System: Lessons from the CEDAW Committee

FEMERIS Revista Multidisciplinar de Estudios de Género ◽

10.20318/femeris.2019.4927 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 29

Author(s):

Emanuela Cardoso Onofre de Alencar

Keyword(s):

Justice System ◽

Gender Stereotyping ◽

International Standards ◽

Gender Violence ◽

Intimate Violence ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

El Sistema ◽

Las Mujeres ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

Resumen. El presente trabajo estudia la estereotipia de género en el sistema de justicia en casos de violencia contra las mujeres por razón de género en la pareja. En primer lugar, investiga qué son los estereotipos de género, cuáles son sus principales efectos e identifica algunos de los estereotipos más frecuentes en casos de violencia en la pareja. Luego analiza la contribución del Comité de la CEDAW a ese tema. El Comité ha sido pionero en señalar los vínculos entre el uso de estereotipos, la discriminación y la violencia de género y, en los últimos años, ha demostrado cómo la estereotipia de género en el sistema de justicia, especialmente en casos de violencia en la pareja, vulnera derechos humanos y discrimina. Su trabajo ofrece estándares internacionales para combatir ese tipo de violencia y para guiar el desarrollo jurídico de esa materia, y proporciona argumentos para poner de manifiesto que la estereotipia obstaculiza el acceso de las mujeres a la justicia en igualdad de condiciones.Palabras clave: violencia de género, violencia en la pareja, discriminación, sistema de justicia, Comité de la CEDAW.Abstract. This paper studies gender stereotyping in the justice system in cases of intimate violence. First, it examines what are stereotypes, what are their main effects and points out some of the most frequent stereotypes in cases of intimate violence. Then it analyses the contribution of the CEDAW Committee on this subject. The Committee has a ground-breaking work in the linkages between stereotyping, discrimination and gender-based violence, and in the last years has underlined how gender stereotyping in the justice system, especially in cases of intimate violence, undermines human rights and discriminate. Its work offers international standards to address this kind of violence, leads legal development on this subject, and gives arguments to take seriously stereotyping in the justice system.Keywords: gender violence, intimate violence, discrimination, justice system, CEDAW Committee.

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Power and gender based social categorization in gender neutral contexts

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e633872013-787 ◽

2003 ◽

Author(s):

Ann Hoover ◽

Carolyn Heitzmann ◽

Taya Cohen ◽

Kristina Yezdimer ◽

Theresa Vescio

Keyword(s):

Social Categorization ◽

Gender Neutral ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

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The Integration of Sex and Gender Considerations into Biomedical Research: Lessons from International Funding Agencies

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgab434 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jamie White ◽

Cara Tannenbaum ◽

Ineke Klinge ◽

Londa Schiebinger ◽

Janine Clayton

Keyword(s):

Biomedical Research ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Gender Effects ◽

Sex And Gender ◽

Personalized Care ◽

Research And Innovation ◽

Biological Variable ◽

Funding Agencies ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

Abstract To improve the outcomes of research and medicine, government-based international research funding agencies have implemented various types of policies and mechanisms with respect to sex as a biological variable and gender as a sociocultural factor. After the 1990s, the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Canadian Institute for Health Research (CIHR), and the European Commission (EC) began 1) requesting that applicants address sex and gender considerations in grant proposals and 2) offering resources to help the scientific community integrate sex and gender into biomedical research. Although, it is too early to analyze data on the success of all of the policies and mechanisms implemented, here we review the use of both carrots (incentives) and sticks (requirements) developed to motivate researchers and the entire scientific research enterprise to consider sex and gender influences on health and in science. The NIH focused on sex as a biological variable (SABV) aligned with an initiative to enhance reproducibility through rigor and transparency; CIHR instituted a sex- and gender-based analysis (SGBA) policy; and the EC required the integration of the “gender dimension”, which incorporates sex, gender, and intersectional analysis into research and innovation. Other global efforts are briefly summarized. Although we are still learning what works, we share lessons learned to improve the integration of sex and gender considerations into research. In conjunction with refining and expanding the policies of funding agencies and mechanisms, private funders/philanthropic groups, editors of peer-reviewed journals, academic institutions, professional organizations, ethics boards, healthcare systems, and industry also need to make concerted efforts to integrate sex and gender into research, and we all must bridge across silos to promote system-wide solutions throughout the biomedical enterprise. For example, policies that encourage researchers to disaggregate data by sex and gender, the development of tools to better measure gender effects, or policies similar to SABV and/or SGBA adopted by private funders would accelerate progress. Uptake, accountability for, and a critical appraisal of sex and gender throughout the biomedical enterprise will be crucial to achieving the goal of relevant, reproducible, replicable, and responsible science that will lead to better evidence-based personalized care for all, but especially for women.

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Halloween Costumes and Gender Markers

Psychology of Women Quarterly ◽

10.1111/j.1471-6402.2000.tb00194.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 137-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Adie Nelson

Keyword(s):

Content Analysis ◽

Narrow Range ◽

Male And Female ◽

Gender Neutral ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender ◽

Traditional Femininity

A content analysis of 469 children's Halloween costumes explored the extent to which children's fantasy dress reproduces and reiterates more conventional messages about gender. Based on the presence of gender markers, masculine, feminine, and gender-neutral costumes were identified and reanalyzed using a modified version of Klapp's (1962) categorization of heroes, villains, and fools. Both male and female costumes contained a high proportion of hero costumes. However, feminine costumes were clustered in a narrow range depicting beauty queens, princesses, and other exemplars of traditional femininity and contained a higher proportion of costumes of animals and foodstuffs. Masculine costumes emphasized the warrior theme of masculinity and were more likely to feature villains, especially agents or symbols of death. Gender-neutral costumes accounted for less than 10% of costumes examined.

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Leadership and Gender Stereotyping of Emotions

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000136 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 153-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Andrea Fischbach ◽

Philipp W. Lichtenthaler ◽

Nina Horstmann

Keyword(s):

Emotion Expression ◽

Women's Leadership ◽

Gender Stereotyping ◽

Leadership Perceptions ◽

Target Groups ◽

Male And Female ◽

General Managers ◽

Leadership Success ◽

And Gender ◽

Successful Manager

Abstract. People believe women are more emotional than men but it remains unclear to what extent such emotion stereotypes affect leadership perceptions. Extending the think manager-think male paradigm ( Schein, 1973 ), we examined the similarity of emotion expression descriptions of women, men, and managers. In a field-based online experiment, 1,098 participants (male and female managers and employees) rated one of seven target groups on 17 emotions: men or women (in general, managers, or successful managers), or successful managers. Men in general are described as more similar to successful managers in emotion expression than are women in general. Only with the label manager or successful manager do women-successful manager similarities on emotion expression increase. These emotion stereotypes might hinder women’s leadership success.

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