scholarly journals Evidence of Increased Vehicle Speeding in Ohio’s Major Cities during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhyung Lee ◽  
Adam Porr ◽  
Harvey J. Miller
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spatial Extent ◽  
Average Level ◽  
Traffic Data ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

This paper compares the speeding patterns before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in three major cities in Ohio, USA: Columbus, Cincinnati, and Cleveland. Using high-resolution and real-time INRIX traffic data, we find evidence of increased speeding in all three cities. In particular, we observe an increase in the spatial extent of speeding as well as in the average level of speeding. We also find the mean differences in speeding before and after the COVID-19 outbreak are statistically significant within the study areas.

scholarly journals High-resolution spatial measurements of ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 1395-1401 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Thomas Robertson ◽  
Melissa A. Krueger ◽  
Wayne J. E. Lamm ◽  
Robb W. Glenny
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Regional Blood Flow ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Fluorescence Signal ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Mechanically Ventilated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
High Resolution Method

This study was designed to validate a high-resolution method to measure regional ventilation (V̇a) in small laboratory animals, and to compare regional V̇a and perfusion (Q̇) before and after methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. A mixture of two different colors of 0.04-μm fluorescent microspheres (FMS) was aerosolized and administered to five anesthetized, mechanically ventilated rats. Those rats also received an intravenous injection of a mixture of two different colors of 15-μm FMS to measure regional blood flow (Q̇). Five additional rats were labeled with aerosol and intravenous FMS, injected with intravenous methacholine, and then relabeled with a second pair of aerosol and intravenous FMS colors. After death, the lungs were reinflated, frozen, and sequentially sliced in 16-μm intervals on an imaging cryomicrotome set to acquire signal for each of the FMS colors. The reconstructed lung images were sampled using randomly placed 3-mm radius spheres. V̇a within each sphere was estimated from the aerosol fluorescence signal, and Q̇ was estimated from the number of 15-μm FMS within each sphere. Method error ranged from 6 to 8% for Q̇ and 0.5 to 4.0% for V̇a. The mean coefficient of variation for Q̇ was 17%, and for V̇a was 34%. The administration of methacholine altered the distribution of both V̇a and Q̇ within lung regions, with a change in V̇a distribution nearly twice as large as that seen for Q̇. The methacholine-induced changes in V̇a were not associated with compensatory shifts in Q̇. Cryomicrotome images of FMS markers provide a high-resolution, anatomically specific means of measuring regional V̇a/Q̇ responses in the rat.

scholarly journals The Influence of Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Series-I to Plasma Protein Expression Of BDNF in The Elderly

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Nita Fitria ◽  
Lynna Lidyana ◽  
Shelly Iskandar ◽  
Leonardo Lubis ◽  
Fidella Fidella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences

Physical activity in the elderly will improve cognitive function. Biomolecular changes to see an increase in elderly cognitive function are characterized by an increase in the expression of plasma protein Brain Derived Nerve Factor (BDNF). Efforts to improve cognitive function can be done in Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Serie-I . In this study the aim was to analyze the influence of Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Serie-I three times a week for 6 weeks to Plasma Protein Expression of BDNF in Elderly. This study used a pre-experiment with the design of one group pre and post test for 27 samples of healthy elderly aged > 60 years and routinely conduct Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Serie-I 3 times a week for 6 weeks. To determine BDNF levels taken from elderly plasma blood then measured using the Enzime Link Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. To analyze the influence of Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Serie-I to plasma protein expression of BDNF, a paired t-test was used so that the mean differences between before and after gymnastics were known. There were differences in the mean BDNF plasma protein expression before and after Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Serie-I (2174,52 ± 700,79 VS 1981 ± 915,17 pg/ mL, p = 0,40 ; p > 0,05) with the mean difference was 192,69 which means Indonesian Cardio Gymnastic Serie-I 3 times a week for 6 weeks had no influence to plasma protein expression of BDNF because the level has decreased by 91.14% after exercising

Total relaxation: A Buddhist mindfulness-based intervention pilot studies in laypersons and cancer patients.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 187-187
Author(s):  
Suthida Suwanvecho ◽  
Buntharika Suwanvecho ◽  
Krit Pongpirul
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Symptom Assessment ◽  
Group Session ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Symptom Assessment Scale ◽  
Mean Differences

187 Background: Total relaxation (TR), a mindfulness-based intervention based on the Buddha’s teaching of Sutra on Full Awareness of Breathing (Anapanasati Sutta) and Sutra on the Four Establishments of Mindfulness (Satipatthana Sutta). This study was aimed (1) to explore benefits of TR perceived by laypersons and (2) to share experience in piloting the intervention in cancer patients. Methods: Laypersons who attended the 5 - day retreat program with daily TR sessions at Khao Yai, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand during October 22-26, 2014 responded to the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale (ESAS) before and after the TR session on the first day (TR1 Before, TR1 After) and after the fourth TR session (TR4 After). ESAS was responded by cancer patients who visited Horizon Cancer Center, Bumrungrad International Hospital before and after their participation in a 45 minute TR group session. Paired t-test was used to evaluate the before-after difference in score of each matched variables. Results: Of 162 laypersons, 90.74% responded. They reported a significant improvement of all ESAS items (p < 0.001). Ten cancer patients (6 breast, 2 colon, and 1 stomach cancers and 1 lymphoma) who participated in the TR group session also saw the improvement of all ESAS items, with the mean differences ranging from 0.36 (feeling depressed) to 3.09 points (fatigue/tiredness). No adverse events were observed. Conclusions: Total relaxation is a Buddhist mindfulness-based technique that can improve undesirable symptoms of layperson and cancer patients.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MENDENGARKAN MURATTAL AL QURAN TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KONSENTRASI

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129
Author(s):  
Very Julianto ◽  
Rizki Putri Dzulqaidah ◽  
Siti Nurina Salsabila
Keyword(s):  
Digit Span ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Digit Span Test ◽  
Span Test ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Experimental Group

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of listening murattal Al Qur’an in increasing concentration capability. Subjects in this study were the girls students of Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, 18-20 years old, with GPA is above 3,00. The measurement of this study is using Digit Span test. The data were analyzed by using a statistical parametric T test. The mean score of concentration gained by the experimental group subjects before treatment was10,4, and after treatment was 11,2. While the mean score of the control group subjects before treatment was 11, and after treatment was 11,4. The result can be interpreted that there was mean differences between the experimental group and the control group before and after treatment. It means that listening murattal is effective in increasing the capability of concentration.

scholarly journals The Influence of Endorphine Massage on Anxiety in Mothers During Their 3rd Trimester Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Niken Sukesi
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
P Value ◽  
Pregnancy Anxiety ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

The 3rd trimester of pregnancy is the time for one to prepare both physiologically and psychologically for baby birth and nursing. The pregnancy during this final trimester causes incovenience due to fetus and uterus enlargements. The pain during pregnancy and approaching the labor in pregnant mothers might increase their anxiety. One of attempts to reduce this anxiety resulting from pain in pregnant mothers employs nonpharmacologic method in the form of endorphin massage. This research was quasi experimental with one group pretest posttest design. It used analytical comparative research method since the researcher tried to study the existence of endorphin massage influence on anxiety in pregnant mothers. The results revealed that there was some mean differences before and after the therapy was given. The mean score before the therapy was given was 1.6 and after the therapy was given was 1.2. The difference between these two mean score was 0.4. From the analysis, it was found that the p-value was 0.037, meaning that there was a significant difference of anxiety level between before and after the provision of endorphin massage. Keywords: endorphin; pregnancy; anxiety

High-Resolution 3-Dimensional T2*-Weighted Angiography (HR 3-D SWAN)

Neurosurgery ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 615-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Lefranc ◽  
Stéphane Derrey ◽  
Philippe Merle ◽  
Mélissa Tir ◽  
Jean-Marc Constans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Direct Identification ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Electrophysiological Recordings ◽  
Direct Targeting ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Stn Dbs ◽  
Deep Brain

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is an established treatment for Parkinson's disease. OBJECTIVE: To characterize an optimized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence (high-resolution 3-dimensional T2*-weighted angiography [HR 3-D SWAN]) for direct STN targeting. METHODS: Sequence distortions were measured using the Leksell stereotactic phantom. Eight consecutive candidates for STN-DBS underwent HR 3-D SWAN MRI for direct identification of the 16 STN. Two senior neurosurgeons independently determined the boundaries of STN on a semiquantitative scale (ranging from 1 [identification very easy] to 4 [identification very difficult]) and the anatomic target within the nucleus. The anatomic data were compared with electrophysiological recordings (48 microrecordings). We examined the anatomic location of the active contacts on MRI. RESULTS: The mean distortion error over the phantom was 0.16 mm. For the 16 STNs, identification of the upper, internal, anterior, and external edges was considered to be easy (scores of 1 or 2). The distinction between the substantia nigra and the STN was rated 1 or 2 for all but 6 nuclei. In the mediolateral axis, electrophysiological recordings covered perfectly anatomic data. In the craniocaudal axis, the mean differences between the electrophysiological data and the anatomic data were 0.8 mm and 0.19 mm for the “entry” and “exit” of the STN, respectively. All active contacts were located within the STN on MRI. CONCLUSION: HR 3-D SWAN allows easy visualization of the STN. Adapted to stereotactic requirement, the sequence simplifies direct targeting in STN-DBS surgery.

scholarly journals Mitochondrial function and aerobic capacity assessed by high resolution respirometry in Thoroughbred horses

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Serteyn ◽  
J. Ceusters ◽  
S. Nonnenmacher ◽  
K. Kirsch ◽  
A. Mouithys-Mickalad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Complex I ◽  
Oxygen Flux ◽  
Training Period ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Thoroughbred Horses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

During the initial stages of training of young Thoroughbred horses, low intensity exercise is employed to increase aerobic capacity. High Resolution Respirometry (HRR) allows the determination of aerobic capacities in small samples of permeabilised muscle fibres. The aim of the study was to measure the mitochondrial function by HRR in Thoroughbred horses, to compare these values to Warmblood horses and to evaluate the effect of a 10-weeks training period. The mitochondrial function was measured by HRR using different substrate-uncoupler protocols (SUIT 1 and 2) in muscle microbiopsies from two groups of untrained horses: 17 Warmblood and 8 Thoroughbred and in the group of 8 Thoroughbred horses before and after a 10-week training period. The SUIT1 protocol employed to compare the two groups of horses showed that in Thoroughbred horses, the mean values for oxygen flux expressed as tissue mass-specific respiration were significantly higher for complex I (CI)Glutamate+Malate, CI + complex II, and maximum electron transport capacities (ETSmax) than the mean values measured in Warmblood horses. The SUIT 1 and SUIT 2 protocols revealed large differences among Thoroughbred horses before and after training. The SUIT 2 protocols showed a significant difference for the complex I activity before and after training but only when the oxygen flux was expressed as percentage of ETSmax. This study shows the interest of HRR in equine sport medicine and exercise physiology, but shows that the technique requires further refinement. Indeed significant differences have been shown between the Thoroughbred and the Warmblood horses highlighting the need to have baseline data for each breed. The Thoroughbred horses had globally a high oxidative phosphorylation capacity with an increase of CI activity induced by an aerobic training program.

scholarly journals Influence of Pranayama on Respiratory Function of Middle Age Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1542-1545
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Murmu
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Full Control ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Level Of Significance

- The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of respiratory function by measuring vital capacity and Breath holding. The investigator adopted experimental method of research on 40 middle aged women ranged from 41-45 years. The experimental groups participated in Pranayama training for a period of twelve weeks. Prior to the study, vital capacity and breath holding of all the subjects were taken. Based upon these values, vital capacity and breath holding was calculated before and after the fitness training. Pranayama begins with breathing guidance and completes full control over the streams of life or within the basics. The effects of pranayama on selected physiological variables, dependent‘t’ test was applied at 0.05 level of significance to find out the significance among the mean differences. Participants assigned to Pranayama training revealed a significant improvement in respiratory function (p<0.05).

scholarly journals Quality of Sexual Life after Native Tissue Versus Polypropylene Mesh Augmented Pelvic Floor Reconstructive Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 4807
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kamińska ◽  
Katarzyna Skorupska ◽  
Agnieszka Kubik-Komar ◽  
Konrad Futyma ◽  
Joanna Filipczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reconstructive Surgery ◽  
T Test ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Active Patients ◽  
One Way Anova

There are still controversies around reconstructive surgeries used in POP treatment. The aim of this study was to compare the QoSL after VNTR vs. TVM surgery due to POP via the use of PISQ-12 and FSFI questionnaires. The study included a group of 121 sexually active patients qualified for reconstructive surgery due to symptomatic POP, and 50 control. The average results of PISQ-12 before and after surgery were compared using the t-test. The significance of the mean differences in demographic groups was measured using the t test for independent samples and one-way ANOVA. The results in the demographic groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U test and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Fifty-eight women had VNTR, while 63 had TVM. Results of PISQ-12 revealed significant improvement in the sexual life after reconstructive surgery (27.24 vs. 32.43; p < 0.001, t = 8.48) both after VNTR and TVM. There were no significant differences in the assessment of the QoSL according to PISQ-12 and FSFI results between both analyzed groups of patients (PISQ-12: VNTR vs. TVM; t-test p = 0.19 and FSFI: VNTR vs. TVM; Mann–Whitney U test p = 0.54). VNTR is the treatment of choice in the case of uncomplicated primary POP.

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