scholarly journals Temporal and spatial estimates of adult mortality for small areas in Brazil, 1980-2010

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Queiroz ◽  
Everton Lima ◽  
Flávio Freire ◽  
Marcos Roberto Gonzaga
Keyword(s):  
Health Planning ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUNDThe study of mortality level and trends in developing countries is limited by the quality of vital registration system and population data, especially for small areas. However, understanding regional differences in data quality and mortality is crucial for public health planning. OBJECTIVEThe paper aims to estimate adult mortality levels for small-areas in Brazil and to examine variations and spatial patterns of adult mortality across regions, overtime and by sex in the countryMETHODSWe combine a three-method strategy. We apply a standardization technique to smooth rates in small areas. We then obtained measures of completeness of death counts coverage using Death Distribution Methods. And spatial analysis to investigate variations and patterns of adult mortality in small areas of the country.RESULTSWe find that completeness of death counts coverage improved overtime across the country. We observed that regions in the south and southeast have complete death registration systems and areas in the less developed regions are improving. We observe a large and constant differential in adult mortality by sex and regions.CONCLUSIONSWe find that the quality of mortality data in Brazil and regions is improving over time. The improvement is mostly explain by public investments in collection health data. Gender differences remained high over the period of analysis due to the increase in external causes of deaths for males. This increase also explains the concentration of high mortality levels for males in some areas of the country. CONTRIBUTIONA new methodological procedure on estimating and analyzing the evolutions on adult mortality pattern over time and across smaller areas on the presence of defective data, on both vital statistics and population data.

scholarly journals Quality of death counts and adult mortality registration in Suriname and its main regions

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Andrea Fernand Jubithana ◽  
Bernardo Lanza Queiroz
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Quality Of Death ◽  
Demographic Methods ◽  
Better Than

Suriname statistical office assumes that mortality data in the country is of good quality and does not perform any test before producing life table estimates. However, lack of data quality is a concern in the less developed areas of the world. The primary objective of this article is to evaluate the quality of death counts registration in the country and its main regions from 2004 to 2012 and to produce estimates of adult mortality by sex. We use data from population, by age and sex, from the last censuses and death counts from the Statistical office. We use traditional demographic methods to perform the analysis. We find that the quality of the death countregistration in Suriname and its central regions is reasonably good. We also find that population data can be considered good. The results reveal a small difference in the completeness for males and females and that for the sub-national population the choice of method has implication on the results. To sum up, data quality in Suriname is better than in most countries in the region, but there are considerable regional differences as observed in other locations.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial trends of adult mortality in small areas of Brazil, 1980–2010

Genus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L. Queiroz ◽  
Everton E. C. Lima ◽  
Flávio H. M. A. Freire ◽  
Marcos R. Gonzaga
Keyword(s):  
Public Investment ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
External Causes ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract To determine the variations and spatial patterns of adult mortality across regions, over time, and by sex for 137 small areas in Brazil, we first apply TOPALS to estimate and smooth mortality rates and then use death distribution methods to evaluate the quality of the mortality data. Lastly, we employ spatial autocorrelation statistics and cluster analysis to identify the adult mortality trends and variations in these areas between 1980 and 2010. We find not only that regions in Brazil’s South and Southeast already had complete death registration systems prior to the study period, but that the completeness of death count coverage improved over time across the entire nation—most especially in lesser developed regions—probably because of public investment in health data collection. By also comparing adult mortality by sex and by region, we document a mortality sex differential in favor of women that remains high over the entire study period, most probably as a result of increased morbidity from external causes, especially among males. This increase also explains the concentration of high male mortality levels in some areas.

scholarly journals Supercentenarians and Semi-supercentenarians in France

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-123
Author(s):  
Nadine Ouellette ◽  
France Meslé ◽  
Jacques Vallin ◽  
Jean-Marie Robine
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Age At Death ◽  
Age Validation ◽  
Expectancy Value ◽  
Very Old ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThe purpose of this study is twofold. Firstly, it attempts to exhaustively identify cases of French supercentenarians and semi-supercentenarians and to validate their alleged age at death. Secondly, it seeks to uncover careful patterns and trends in probabilities of death and life expectancy at very old ages in France. We use three sets of data with varying degrees of accuracy and coverage: nominative transcripts from the RNIPP (Répertoire national d’identification des personnes physiques), death records from the vital statistics system, and “public” lists of individual supercentenarians. The RNIPP stands out as the most reliable source. Based on all deaths registered in the RNIPP at the alleged ages of 110+ for extinct cohorts born between 1883 and 1901, errors are only few, at least for individuals who were born and died in France. For alleged semi-supercentenarians, age validation on a very large sample shows that errors are extremely rare, suggesting the RNIPP data can be used without any verification until age 108 at the minimum. Moreover, a comparison with “public” lists of individual supercentenarians reveals a single missing occurrence only in the RNIPP transcripts since 1991. While the quality of vital statistics data remains quite deficient at very old ages compared to RNIPP, the analytical results show a significant improvement over time at younger old ages. Our RNIPP-based probabilities of death for females appear to level-off at 0.5 between ages 108 and 111, but data becomes too scarce afterwards to assess the trend. Also, we obtain a quite low life expectancy value of 1.2 years at age 108.

scholarly journals Life expectancy, adult mortality and completeness of death counts in Brazil and regions: comparative analysis of IHME, IBGE and other researchers estimates of levels and trends

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Queiroz ◽  
Marcos Roberto Gonzaga ◽  
Ana Maria Nogales ◽  
Bruno Torrente ◽  
Daisy Maria Xavier de Abreu
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
State Level ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Population Projections ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Death Registration ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
National Statistics

Estimates of completeness of death registration are crucial to produce estimates of life tables, population projections and to the global burden of diseases study. They are an imperative step in quality of data analysis. In the case of state level data in Brazil, it is important to consider spatial and temporal variation in the quality of mortality data. In this paper, we compare and discuss alternative estimates of completeness of death registration, adult mortality (45q15) and life expectancy estimates produced by the National Statistics Office (IBGE), Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) and estimates presented in Queiroz, et.al (2017) and Schmertmann and Gonzaga (2018), for 1980 and 2010. We find significant differences in estimates that affect both levels and trends of completeness of adult mortality in Brazil and states. IHME and Queiroz, et.al (2017) estimates converge in 2010, but there are large differences when compared to estimates from the National Statistics Office (IBGE). Larger differences are observed for less developed states.

Development of definitions of suicidal behaviours

2021 ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
José M. Bertolote ◽  
Danuta Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Vital Registration ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Vital Registration System ◽  
Over Time

This chapter covers definitions of suicidal behaviours and how they vary over time, reflecting predominant philosophies and schools of thought. The limitations in the quality of information about suicide mortality, as a common feature affecting the whole vital registration system, are discussed. The smaller the coverage a country receives, the greater the probability of distortions, which adds to any previous distortions already flawing the data. It should be strongly emphasized that these shortcomings affect the system as a whole, and hence all causes of death. However, suicidologists seem to be much more punctilious about under-reporting of suicide, and the essential unreliability of this information, than experts dealing with mortality from other causes. Coordinated efforts should be made to strengthen those systems, paying attention to the specificity of sociocultural factors’ influence on defining, recording, and reporting suicide as a cause of death.

scholarly journals Adapting and validating the log quadratic model to derive under-five age- and cause-specific mortality (U5ACSM): a preliminary analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie Perin ◽  
Yue Chu ◽  
Francisco Villaviciencio ◽  
Austin Schumacher ◽  
Tyler McCormick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Approach ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Pattern ◽  
Registration System ◽  
High Functioning ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Sample Registration System ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Health Programming

Abstract Background The mortality pattern from birth to age five is known to vary by underlying cause of mortality, which has been documented in multiple instances. Many countries without high functioning vital registration systems could benefit from estimates of age- and cause-specific mortality to inform health programming, however, to date the causes of under-five death have only been described for broad age categories such as for neonates (0–27 days), infants (0–11 months), and children age 12–59 months. Methods We adapt the log quadratic model to mortality patterns for children under five to all-cause child mortality and then to age- and cause-specific mortality (U5ACSM). We apply these methods to empirical sample registration system mortality data in China from 1996 to 2015. Based on these empirical data, we simulate probabilities of mortality in the case when the true relationships between age and mortality by cause are known. Results We estimate U5ACSM within 0.1–0.7 deaths per 1000 livebirths in hold out strata for life tables constructed from the China sample registration system, representing considerable improvement compared to an error of 1.2 per 1000 livebirths using a standard approach. This improved prediction error for U5ACSM is consistently demonstrated for all-cause as well as pneumonia- and injury-specific mortality. We also consistently identified cause-specific mortality patterns in simulated mortality scenarios. Conclusion The log quadratic model is a significant improvement over the standard approach for deriving U5ACSM based on both simulation and empirical results.

scholarly journals National and subnational experience with estimating the extent and trend in completeness of registration of deaths in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo L Queiroz ◽  
Everton Lima
Keyword(s):  
Census Data ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Population Forecasts ◽  
Public Health Planning ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Demographic Estimation ◽  
The City ◽  
Compare And Contrast

In this paper, we analyze the evolution of the completeness of death counts coverage in Brazil and its regions since 1980. We review a series of studies on the quality of mortality registration for the country, states and small areas, compare and contrast different approaches and results. We also investigate the quality of the 2010 Census data regarding the information on household deaths in 2010 to results obtained using the Ministry of Health Mortality Information System. Finally, we produce estimates at the city level and discuss the limitation and importance of producing small areas demographic estimation for public health planning and population forecasts.

Population Demography

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-51
Author(s):  
J Patrick Vaughan ◽  
Cesar Victora ◽  
A Mushtaque R Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Sex Structure ◽  
Demographic Rates ◽  
Population Information ◽  
Epidemiological Transitions ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Age And Sex

This chapter reviews population measurements and the demographic and epidemiological transitions and how these may change over time. Knowledge of the population age and sex structure and distribution are essential to estimate those people at most risk and for estimating population access to services and programmes. Sources of population information are presented and factors highlighted for the quality of population data. Definitions of demographic rates and life expectancy, population growth, census procedures, death certification, and demographic surveillance are all outlined.

Mortality improvement by socio-economic circumstances in England (1982 to 2006)

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. C. Lu ◽  
W. Wong ◽  
M. Bajekal
Keyword(s):  
Financial Management ◽  
Relative Deprivation ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
Mortality Improvement ◽  
Index Of Multiple Deprivation ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

AbstractAssessing longevity risk is crucial to the financial management of annuities and longevity-related financial instruments. Actuaries have been using socio-economic circumstances (SEC) of individuals estimated through postcodes, pension size and occupation to price annuities for prospective customers. Differences in mortality rates of people in different SEC have been discussed extensively but less is known about how their mortality rates have changed over time.A lack of regular, consistent and credible mortality data for people in different SEC has hampered the study of historical mortality trends. This in turn has made forecasting a greater challenge. To address some of these data issues, we have obtained mortality and population data between 1981 and 2007 for England, divided into SEC quintiles (measured by the relative deprivation of the area of residence according to the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) 2007). Using the data, we have analysed the mortality trends by SEC. These findings can provide insight into mortality improvement for people in different SEC. This can contribute to commercial decisions for annuity businesses, reinsurance and longevity swaps.

Assessment of the quality of cause-of-death data in Greenland, 2006–2015

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 801-808
Author(s):  
Kim Moesgaard Iburg ◽  
Lene Mikkelsen ◽  
Nicola Richards
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Health Planning ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Medium Quality ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Icd Codes ◽  
Death Data

Background: While the system of registration of mortality and cause of death (COD) in Greenland was established several decades ago, reporting procedures follow a complicated administrative process. Timely and reliable reporting on mortality and COD is of high importance for the usability of the collected data for research, health planning and decision making. Methods: COD data collected by the Chief Medical Office in Greenland from 2006 to 2015 (4490 registered deaths) were analysed with the software Analysis of National Causes of Death for Action (ANACONDA) v4.0. Unusable or insufficiently specified ICD codes are identified. The Vital Statistics Performance Index for Quality (VSPI(Q)) is estimated for the overall quality conclusions of the register’s usability. Results: Sixty-eight per cent of the input data for Greenland was coded with a usable underlying COD, 24% with an unusable cause and 8% of deaths with an insufficiently specified cause. Almost 700 deaths were coded to an unusable code of ‘very high impact’. The most prevalent unusable underlying causes were other ill-defined and unspecified causes, including no death certificate available, followed by senility, heart failure, sepsis and shock and cardiac arrest. The VSPI(Q) score was 66%, representing medium quality. Conclusions: In the 10 years’ worth of data analysed, the true underlying COD in many cases was unknown. Several likely explanations for this include lack of systematic COD training for physicians, logistic and capacity challenges in Greenland that potentially could reduce the quality of the collected data and its usability in providing essential information about the true pattern of mortality in Greenland.

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