Magnetic nanoparticles are widely used in drug delivery, imaging, diagnosis, and targeting. It has promises for the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moataz Dowaidar
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
New Era ◽  
Inflammatory Disorders ◽  
Persistent Inflammation ◽  
Precision Therapy ◽  
The Times

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that causes persistent inflammation and joint damage. Traditional medications like methotrexate, leflunomide, and antimalarials, as well as novel biological medicines like adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab, make up the DMARDs. New medications, such as upadacitinib17, a specific JAK-1 inhibitor, and rituximab have recently been introduced to the RA treatment arsenal. Nanoparticles are able to travel across loose vasculature and penetrate into inflammatory areas and tumor sites due to their unique physical features. The application of MNPs in the treatment, diagnosis, and targeting of rheumatoid arthritis is the topic of this review.Nanotechnology is a subset of nanomaterials that are widely used in drug delivery, imaging, diagnosis, and targeting.It has been used to treat malignancies and, more recently, the treatment of inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis. The findings have motivated scientists to test MNPs in a variety of disorders. While research into magnetically focused treatment and diagnostics is still in its early phases, it has already shown great potential. MNP technologies confront a number of challenges, including not just overcoming their inherent weaknesses, but also keeping up with the times. Using a single-cell method, the diversity of synovial cells and immune cells in joints was discovered. Precision therapy necessitates the application of MNP technology to further target specific cells. Because of the efficacy of exosomes in treating RA, bio-membrane encapsulated MNPs have been developed. Furthermore, the discovery of MNPs' effects on cell autophagy and metabolism has ushered in a new era in the mechanistic research of magnetic nanoparticles. Overall, magnetic nanoparticle modification is a promising platform for treating rheumatoid arthritis that is both promising and challenging.

scholarly journals Fcγand Complement Receptors and Complement Proteins in Neutrophil Activation in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Contribution to Pathogenesis and Progression and Modulation by Natural Products

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Balbina Paoliello-Paschoalato ◽  
Larissa Fávaro Marchi ◽  
Micássio Fernandes de Andrade ◽  
Luciana Mariko Kabeya ◽  
Eduardo Antônio Donadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Complement System ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Complement Receptors ◽  
Effector Functions ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Persistent Inflammation ◽  
The Complement System ◽  
Frustrated Phagocytosis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling disease that affects all structures of the joint and significantly impacts on morbidity and mortality in RA patients. RA is characterized by persistent inflammation of the synovial membrane lining the joint associated with infiltration of immune cells. Eighty to 90% of the leukocytes infiltrating the synovia are neutrophils. The specific role that neutrophils play in the onset of RA is not clear, but recent studies have evidenced that they have an important participation in joint damage and disease progression through the release of proteolytic enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), cytokines, and neutrophil extracellular traps, in particular during frustrated phagocytosis of immune complexes (ICs). In addition, the local and systemic activation of the complement system contributes to the pathogenesis of RA and other IC-mediated diseases. This review discusses (i) the participation of Fcγand complement receptors in mediating the effector functions of neutrophils in RA; (ii) the contribution of the complement system and ROS-dependent and ROS-independent mechanisms to joint damage in RA; and (iii) the use of plant extracts, dietary compounds, and isolated natural compounds in the treatment of RA, focusing on modulation of the effector functions of neutrophils and the complement system activity and/or activation.

Development and Evaluation of Floating Pulsatile Drug Delivery System Using Meloxicam

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
ShirishaG. Suddala ◽  
S. K. Sahoo ◽  
M. R. Yamsani
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Oral Dosage ◽  
Lag Phase ◽  
Pulsatile Drug Delivery

Objective: The objective of this research work was to develop and evaluate the floating– pulsatile drug delivery system (FPDDS) of meloxicam intended for Chrono pharmacotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The system consisting of drug containing core, coated with hydrophilic erodible polymer, which is responsible for a lag phase for pulsatile release, top cover buoyant layer was prepared with HPMC K4M and sodium bicarbonate, provides buoyancy to increase retention of the oral dosage form in the stomach. Meloxicam is a COX-2 inhibitor used to treat joint diseases such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. For rheumatoid arthritis Chrono pharmacotherapy has been recommended to ensure that the highest blood levels of the drug coincide with peak pain and stiffness. Result and discussion: The prepared tablets were characterized and found to exhibit satisfactory physico-chemical characteristics. Hence, the main objective of present work is to formulate FPDDS of meloxicam in order to achieve drug release after pre-determined lag phase. Developed formulations were evaluated for in vitro drug release studies, water uptake and erosion studies, floating behaviour and in vivo radiology studies. Results showed that a certain lag time before drug release which was due to the erosion of the hydrophilic erodible polymer. The lag time clearly depends on the type and amount of hydrophilic polymer which was applied on the inner cores. Floating time and floating lag time was controlled by quantity and composition of buoyant layer. In vivo radiology studies point out the capability of the system of longer residence time of the tablets in the gastric region and releasing the drug after a programmed lag time. Conclusion: The optimized formulation of the developed system provided a lag phase while showing the gastroretension followed by pulsatile drug release that would be beneficial for chronotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

Novel Nano Carriers for the Treatment of Progressive Auto Immune Disease Rheumatoid Arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritu Mishra ◽  
Swati Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Novel Drug

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common occurring progressive, autoimmune disease, affecting 1% of the population and the ratio of affected women is three times as compared to men in most developing countries. Clinical manifestations of RA are the presence of anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) in blood, tendered joints and soreness of the muscles. Some other factors which may lead to chronic inflammation are genetic and environmental factors as well as adaptive immune response. Several conventional drugs are available for the treatment of RA but have their own drawbacks which can be overcome by the use of novel drug delivery systems. : The objective of the present review is to focus on the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and its current conventional treatment with special reference to the role of novel drug delivery systems encapsulating anti rheumatic drugs and herbal drugs in passive and receptor mediated active targeting against RA. On reviewing the conventional and current therapeutics agains RA, we conclude that, although the current therapy for the treatment of RA is capable enough, yet more advances in the field of targeted drug delivery will sanguinely result in effective and appropriate treatment of this autoimmune disease.

Anti-carbamylated Protein Antibodies and Serum Level of 14-3-3 Protein for Early Detection of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient in Correlation with Rheumatoid Factor, Anti-CCP Antibodies, Disease Activity and Joint Damage using High Frequency Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-153
Author(s):  
Sahar A. Ahmed ◽  
Enas M. Darwish ◽  
Walaa A. Attya ◽  
Mai Samir ◽  
Mennatallah Elsayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Das 28 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hands And Feet

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common progressive chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease which affects mostly small joints, causing pain, swelling, deformity, and disability. Although progress has been made in exploring RA nature, still there is a lot to know about the disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. Aim of the Work: To investigate the role of serum anti-carbamylated protein antibodies and 14-3-3η in the diagnosis of RA compared to rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP antibodies, and highfrequency musculoskeletal ultrasound used to assess the disease activity and joint damage. Methods: Serum anti-carbamylated protein antibodies and 14-3-3η were measured using ELISA in 61 RA patients and 26 normal controls. RA Disease Activity Score (DAS 28), X-ray and musculoskeletal ultrasound (hands and feet), carotid ultrasound (Intima-Media Thickness IMT) were used in assessing the RA disease. Results: Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies were significantly elevated in RA patients 4.5 (4.1- 8.9 U⁄ml) compared to the control 3.2(1.9- 4.3 U⁄ml) (p< 0.001) but 14-3-3η showed no significant difference. There was a significant positive correlation between anti-carbamylated protein antibodies, 14-3-3η levels and disease activity score assessed by DAS 28, increased IMT measured by carotid duplex, total synovitis and total erosion score were assessed by musculoskeletal ultrasound. There was no correlation between RF and anti-CCP antibodies. Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies were found to have 66.7% sensitivity and 85.2% specificity in RA diagnosis, while 14- 3-3η had 51.9% sensitivity and 72.1% specificity. Conclusion: Anti-carbamylated protein antibodies and 14-3-3η have a high sensitivity and specificity in RA diagnosis and had a correlation with the disease activity and joint damage.

scholarly journals New advances on Au–magnetic organic hybrid core–shells in MRI, CT imaging, and drug delivery

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 6517-6525
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Alireza Badiei
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Targeted Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Storage ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Organic Hybrid ◽  
Storage Media ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Magnetic Storage Media

Magnetic nanoparticles have been studied for scientific and technological applications such as magnetic storage media, contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, biolabelling, separation of biomolecules, and magnetic-targeted drug delivery.

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