scholarly journals Universal Principles of Human Communication: Preliminary Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Communication Game

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fay ◽  
Bradley Walker ◽  
Nik Swoboda ◽  
Ichiro Umata ◽  
Takugo Fukaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Communication Behaviour ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Dyadic Communication ◽  
Linguistic Groups ◽  
Iconic Signs

The present study points to several potentially universal principles of human communication. Pairs of participants, sampled from culturally and linguistically distinct societies (Western and Japanese, N=108: 16 Western-Western, 15 Japanese-Japanese and 23 Western-Japanese dyads) played a dyadic communication game in which they tried to communicate a range of experimenter-specified items to a partner by drawing, but without speaking or using letters or numbers. This paradigm forced participants to create a novel communication system. A range of similar communication behaviors were observed among the within-culture groups (Western-Western and Japanese-Japanese) and the across-culture group (Western-Japanese): they (1) used iconic signs to bootstrap successful communication, (2) addressed breakdowns in communication using other-initiated repairs, (3) simplified their communication behaviour over repeated social interactions and (4) aligned their communication behaviour over repeated social interactions. While the across- culture Western-Japanese dyads found the task more challenging, and cultural differences in communication behaviour were observed, the same basic findings applied across all groups. Our findings, which rely on two distinct cultural and linguistic groups, offer preliminary evidence for several universal principles of human communication.

scholarly journals Universal Principles of Human Communication: Preliminary Evidence from a Cross-Cultural Communication Game

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fay ◽  
Bradley Walker ◽  
Nik Swoboda ◽  
Ichiro Umata ◽  
Takugo Fukaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Communication Behaviour ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Dyadic Communication ◽  
Linguistic Groups ◽  
Iconic Signs

The present study points to several potentially universal principles of human communication. Pairs of participants, sampled from culturally and linguistically distinct societies (Western and Japanese, N=108: 16 Western-Western, 15 Japanese-Japanese and 23 Western-Japanese dyads) played a dyadic communication game in which they tried to communicate a range of experimenter-specified items to a partner by drawing, but without speaking or using letters or numbers. This paradigm forced participants to create a novel communication system. A range of similar communication behaviors were observed among the within-culture groups (Western-Western and Japanese-Japanese) and the across-culture group (Western-Japanese): they (1) used iconic signs to bootstrap successful communication, (2) addressed breakdowns in communication using other-initiated repairs, (3) simplified their communication behaviour over repeated social interactions and (4) aligned their communication behaviour over repeated social interactions. While the across- culture Western-Japanese dyads found the task more challenging, and cultural differences in communication behaviour were observed, the same basic findings applied across all groups. Our findings, which rely on two distinct cultural and linguistic groups, offer preliminary evidence for several universal principles of human communication.

scholarly journals Universal Principles of Human Communication: Preliminary Evidence From a Cross-cultural Communication Game

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 2397-2413
Author(s):  
Nicolas Fay ◽  
Bradley Walker ◽  
Nik Swoboda ◽  
Ichiro Umata ◽  
Takugo Fukaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Universal Principles

scholarly journals Pantomimic fossils in modern human communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 376 (1824) ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Żywiczyński ◽  
Sławomir Wacewicz ◽  
Casey Lister
Keyword(s):  
Modern Human ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Early Humans ◽  
Ape Communication ◽  
Iconic Signs ◽  
Human Specific ◽  
Key Innovations

Bodily mimesis, the capacity to use the body representationally, was one of the key innovations that allowed early humans to go beyond the ‘baseline’ of generalized ape communication and cognition. We argue that the original human-specific communication afforded by bodily mimesis was based on signs that involve three entities: an expression that represents an object (i.e. communicated content) for an interpreter . We further propose that the core component of this communication, pantomime, was able to transmit referential information that was not limited to select semantic domains or the ‘here-and-now’, by means of motivated—most importantly iconic—signs. Pressures for expressivity and economy then led to conventionalization of signs and a growth of linguistic characteristics: semiotic systematicity and combinatorial expression. Despite these developments, both naturalistic and experimental data suggest that the system of pantomime did not disappear and is actively used by modern humans. Its contemporary manifestations, or pantomimic fossils , emerge when language cannot be used, for instance when people do not share a common language, or in situations where the use of (spoken) language is difficult, impossible or forbidden. Under such circumstances, people bootstrap communication by means of pantomime and, when these circumstances persist, newly emergent pantomimic communication becomes increasingly language-like. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Reconstructing prehistoric languages’.

scholarly journals Automated monitoring of behavior reveals bursty interaction patterns and rapid spreading dynamics in honeybee social networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (7) ◽  
pp. 1433-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Gernat ◽  
Vikyath D. Rao ◽  
Martin Middendorf ◽  
Harry Dankowicz ◽  
Nigel Goldenfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Reference Network ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Automated Monitoring ◽  
Phone Calls

Social networks mediate the spread of information and disease. The dynamics of spreading depends, among other factors, on the distribution of times between successive contacts in the network. Heavy-tailed (bursty) time distributions are characteristic of human communication networks, including face-to-face contacts and electronic communication via mobile phone calls, email, and internet communities. Burstiness has been cited as a possible cause for slow spreading in these networks relative to a randomized reference network. However, it is not known whether burstiness is an epiphenomenon of human-specific patterns of communication. Moreover, theory predicts that fast, bursty communication networks should also exist. Here, we present a high-throughput technology for automated monitoring of social interactions of individual honeybees and the analysis of a rich and detailed dataset consisting of more than 1.2 million interactions in five honeybee colonies. We find that bees, like humans, also interact in bursts but that spreading is significantly faster than in a randomized reference network and remains so even after an experimental demographic perturbation. Thus, while burstiness may be an intrinsic property of social interactions, it does not always inhibit spreading in real-world communication networks. We anticipate that these results will inform future models of large-scale social organization and information and disease transmission, and may impact health management of threatened honeybee populations.

scholarly journals Vulnerable robots positively shape human conversational dynamics in a human–robot team

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (12) ◽  
pp. 6370-6375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret L. Traeger ◽  
Sarah Strohkorb Sebo ◽  
Malte Jung ◽  
Brian Scassellati ◽  
Nicholas A. Christakis
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Social Robots ◽  
Social Robot ◽  
Artificial Agents ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Collaborative Game

Social robots are becoming increasingly influential in shaping the behavior of humans with whom they interact. Here, we examine how the actions of a social robot can influence human-to-human communication, and not just robot–human communication, using groups of three humans and one robot playing 30 rounds of a collaborative game (n= 51 groups). We find that people in groups with a robot making vulnerable statements converse substantially more with each other, distribute their conversation somewhat more equally, and perceive their groups more positively compared to control groups with a robot that either makes neutral statements or no statements at the end of each round. Shifts in robot speech have the power not only to affect how people interact with robots, but also how people interact with each other, offering the prospect for modifying social interactions via the introduction of artificial agents into hybrid systems of humans and machines.

scholarly journals The influence of dynamics and speech on understanding humanoid facial expressions

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 172988141878315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Lazzeri ◽  
Daniele Mazzei ◽  
Maher Ben Moussa ◽  
Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann ◽  
Danilo De Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Dynamic Stimuli ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Recognition Of Facial Expressions ◽  
Virtual Avatar

Human communication relies mostly on nonverbal signals expressed through body language. Facial expressions, in particular, convey emotional information that allows people involved in social interactions to mutually judge the emotional states and to adjust its behavior appropriately. First studies aimed at investigating the recognition of facial expressions were based on static stimuli. However, facial expressions are rarely static, especially in everyday social interactions. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that the dynamics inherent in a facial expression could be fundamental in understanding its meaning. In addition, it has been demonstrated that nonlinguistic and linguistic information can contribute to reinforce the meaning of a facial expression making it easier to be recognized. Nevertheless, few studies have been performed on realistic humanoid robots. This experimental work aimed at demonstrating the human-like expressive capability of a humanoid robot by examining whether the effect of motion and vocal content influenced the perception of its facial expressions. The first part of the experiment aimed at studying the recognition capability of two kinds of stimuli related to the six basic expressions (i.e. anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise): static stimuli, that is, photographs, and dynamic stimuli, that is, video recordings. The second and third parts were focused on comparing the same six basic expressions performed by a virtual avatar and by a physical robot under three different conditions: (1) muted facial expressions, (2) facial expressions with nonlinguistic vocalizations, and (3) facial expressions with an emotionally neutral verbal sentence. The results show that static stimuli performed by a human being and by the robot were more ambiguous than the corresponding dynamic stimuli on which motion and vocalization were associated. This hypothesis has been also investigated with a 3-dimensional replica of the physical robot demonstrating that even in case of a virtual avatar, dynamic and vocalization improve the emotional conveying capability.

scholarly journals Interactional Adjustment: Three Approaches in Language and Social Psychology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Gasiorek ◽  
Ann Weatherall ◽  
B Watson
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Communication Accommodation ◽  
Communication Accommodation Theory ◽  
Accommodation Theory ◽  
Language Style Matching

© The Author(s) 2020. Interactional adjustment refers to people’s tendency to adjust, or adapt, their communication behavior in social interactions. In recent years, three distinctive approaches to this topic that have featured prominently in the Journal of Language and Social Psychology are communication accommodation theory (CAT), language style matching (LSM), and discursive psychology using conversation analysis (DPCA). In this article, we provide a review of these three approaches, highlighting what defines and distinguishes them, as well as what insights into interactional adjustment each offers. We draw out the connections and points of tensions between these approaches; in so doing, we identify future directions for research on interactional adjustment as a fundamental aspect of human communication, and in the study of language and social psychology.

scholarly journals Universal principles underlying segmental structures in parrot song and human speech

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan C. Mann ◽  
W. Tecumseh Fitch ◽  
Hsiao-Wei Tu ◽  
Marisa Hoeschele
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Universal Principles ◽  
Linguistic Patterns ◽  
Parrot Species ◽  
Acoustic Output

AbstractDespite the diversity of human languages, certain linguistic patterns are remarkably consistent across human populations. While syntactic universals receive more attention, there is stronger evidence for universal patterns in the inventory and organization of segments: units that are separated by rapid acoustic transitions which are used to build syllables, words, and phrases. Crucially, if an alien researcher investigated spoken human language how we analyze non-human communication systems, many of the phonological regularities would be overlooked, as the majority of analyses in non-humans treat breath groups, or “syllables” (units divided by silent inhalations), as the smallest unit. Here, we introduce a novel segment-based analysis that reveals patterns in the acoustic output of budgerigars, a vocal learning parrot species, that match universal phonological patterns well-documented in humans. We show that song in four independent budgerigar populations is comprised of consonant- and vowel-like segments. Furthermore, the organization of segments within syllables is not random. As in spoken human language, segments at the start of a vocalization are more likely to be consonant-like and segments at the end are more likely to be longer, quieter, and lower in fundamental frequency. These results provide a new foundation for empirical investigation of language-like abilities in other species.

scholarly journals Human Emergency Behaviour Characteristics in Large-scale Emergencies Based on Mobile Communication Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
XiaoLin Wei ◽  
Yi Luo ◽  
ZhenZhen Chen ◽  
XuMing Zhao ◽  
HongYan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distribution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Behaviour ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Human Communication ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Space Communication ◽  
Interval Time ◽  
Communication Behaviour ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The characteristics of human emergency behaviour under the emergency are a crucial scientific issue in basic emergency management research. The analysis of time dynamic aspects of human behaviour based on electronic footprint data provides a new method for quantitative investigation of this problem. Previous studies generally assumed that human behaviours were randomly distributed in time, but few studies studied the impact of emergencies and carried out prediction methods through social media data. Using mobile QQ space communication data, this paper from four kinds of emergencies and one kind of conventional event data, digging out the statistical characteristic on the time dimension of human communication behaviour, and in case of any emergencies, such as public security mode of evolution, to explore intrinsic emergency regularity of the impact of human communication behaviour model and further predict human behaviour characteristics. We found that the communication peaks accompanying an emergency are local in time, resulting in a communication avalanche that importantly engages eyewitness social networks. In mobile QQ space communication, the probability distribution of the interval time of the Posting behaviour sequence shows the statistical characteristics of power-law and approximate exponential tail. Compared with most of the typical Posting behaviour, the probability distribution of the interval time of the Posting behaviour sequence is higher. At the same time, the mnemonic is lower than most of the typical Posting behaviour, with a weak anti- mnemonic. These results are theoretically helpful in understanding the regularity of the impact of emergencies on human communication behaviour patterns and have potential application value in predicting the impact degree of crises and the analysis and classification of human social attributes.

scholarly journals CROSS CULTURAL COMMUNICATION TO ACCOMODATE GENERATION GAP IN DISRUPTIVE ERA

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Bhernadetta Pravita Wahyuningtyas ◽  
Ulani Yunus ◽  
Mario Nugroho Willyarto
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Generation Gap ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
Communication Model ◽  
Communication Behaviors ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
The People ◽  
Collective Decisions

This research described about how Cross-Cultural Communication contributes its influence on accommodating the generation gap to improve a social structure in Indonesia, especially on Disruptive Era. In accommodating the generation gap, the cross-cultural communication focus on the patterns of convergence and divergence of communication behaviors, particularly as they relate to the goals of the people for social approval, communication efficiency, and identity. This research was done in Bina Nusantara (BINUS) University, and used a descriptive qualitative method with constructivism paradigm, and coding to analyze the data. The results showed that accommodation in cross-cultural communication can improved the ability on problem-solving skills, collective decisions and can resolved the problem that arise from generation gap to make it become harmonious interactions. The lack of the role in providing information from generation to another generation usually based on the assumption that the other generation already knew the condition, situation and also the meaning behind it as well without any discussion and deeper communication further. Due to the changes in social structure, BINUS creating a cross cultural communication model to accommodate the generation gap in social structure: openness, and engagement, through (for example) creative furniture arrangemement in some classes. The result also shown that engagement between the students and the lecturer will be more powerful in creating values to have a better social condition. The people who willing to build the communication instead of assumed will be more successful in all aspects of cross-cultural communication.

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